A

FRANCIS
the Austrians and Prussians, 405.
Lord Howe's defeat of the French fleet,
406. End of the Reign of Terror, 408.
Resentment excited in France, 413.
Expedition from England to Quiberon,
iv. 1-7. Attempt of England to open
negotiations with the French Govern-
ment, 24. Cessation of the Reign of
Terror, 24. Failure of negotiations
for peace, 27. Impossible terms of
the French propositions, 29. Intrigues
of the French in Spain, 32.
French force in Bantry Bay, 39. And
in Wales, 41. Conference at Lisle,
65. Divisions amongst the French,
65. Propositions amongst the French
commissioners, 66. Rupture of the
negotiations, 69. American difficulties
with France, 69 note. Terms with
Austria, 70. The Ionian Islands
ceded to France, 70. French invec-
tives against England, 70. Bona-
parte's animosity, 71. General Hum-
bert's invasion of Ireland, 124. The
French all made prisoners, 125.
Troops landed in the island of Rut-
land, 126. The expedition to Egypt,
187, 188. Seizure of Malta, 189.
Egypt overrun, 190. Battle of the
Nile, 192.

Defeat at Castel Nuovo,
208. Surrender of Rome, 217.
Failure of Napoleon's expedition to
Egypt, 230. Intrigues of Tippoo
with the French, 231. Napoleon's
return to France, 240. His letter to
the King, 240. Victory of Marengo,
257. Military power of France at
this time, 264. Battle of Hohenlinden,
265. Desperate condition of the
French in Egypt, 330.

Kleber's

victories, 332. Battle of Alexandria,
340. Capitulation of the French in
Egypt, 342. Negotiations for peace,
343. Rumoured invasion of England,
360. Treaty of peace concluded, 367,

368

Francis, Sir P., collects materials for the

indictment of Hastings, iii. 144
Franciscan Club, the, ii. 41
Franklin, Benjamin, his examination at
the bar of the House, i. 207. His

146.

FULLARTON

389

dialectic skill, 208. Implicated in
the disclosure of the correspondence
between Hutchinson and Whately, ii.
140-142. Excuses for his conduct,
145. Wedderburn's denunciations,
Dismissed from his office of
Postmaster-General in America, 147.
His misinformation to the French Go-
vernment, 243
Frederick, Prince of Wales, his death, i.
4. His character, 4. His court at
Leicester House, 4. His immorality,
ii. 107. His death, 107

Frederick the Great, his successes and
ambition, i. 20. Alliance of France,
Austria, and Russia against him, 19,
20. His support of the young Pre-
tender, 20. Commencement of the
Seven Years' War, 20. Frederick's
military and administrative talents,
21. Defeated at Kolin, 26. A
subsidy procured for him by Pitt, 31.
Defeated by the Russians at Kuners-
His bombardment of Dres-
Saves Silesia and defeats
Marshal Daun in Saxony, 43, 44.
Joined by the Emperor of Russia, 78,
79. Consequences of our alliance with
him, 80. End of the Seven Years'
War, 86, 90. His objections to Lord
Chatham's proposed Northern League,
229. His impracticability, 229. His
participation in the partition of Poland,
230, ii. 128

dorf, 42.
den, 43.

Free trade, agitation respecting, ii. 287.

Class opposition, 287. Burke's
views as to, 422. Pitt's advanced
views on commercial freedom, iii.
128. Opposition of the trading inte-
rest, 129. Mr. Grenville's views, iv.
278

Freytag, General, defeated, iii. 318
'Friends of the People' the association
so called, iii. 272

Frost, John, prosecution of, iii. 341
Fuentes, Condé de, Spanish ambassador,
recalled from London, i. 75. His
insolence reproved by Lord Egremont,
76
Fullarton, Colonel, his duel with Lord
Shelburne, ii. 340

De-

GAGE, General, garrisons Boston, i.
299. His preparations for military
defence at Boston, ii. 153, 172.
feat of his men at Lexington, 173.
Proclaims martial law, 165.
Gallantry, chivalric, in the middle ages,
ii. 5

Galloway, his pacific proposal, ii. 205
Gambling, prevalence of, in the last
century, ii. 14

Gardening, landscape, in the last cen-
tury, ii. 48

Gates, General, sent against Burgoyne,
ii. 256. His terms rejected by Bur-
goyne, 257. His animosity towards
Washington, 292. Sent to attack
Lord Cornwallis, 377. Totally de-
feated, 378. Superseded in his com-
mand by General Greene, 401
Genoa, occupied by the French, and
surrendered by Massena, iv. 255.
Siege of, by the Austrians, 256.
George I., profligacy of the ministers of
the court of, ii. 39-41
George II., his hatred of his son Fre-
derick, i. 4. Goes to Hanover on the
eve of war with France, 13. His
supineness, 13. Point from which
he viewed the prospect of war with
France, 15. Enters into a subsidiary
treaty with Hesse, and opens a nego-
tiation for one with Russia, 15. His
dislike of Pitt and Temple, 23. Who
are dismissed, 23. Refuses to ratify
his son's treaty of Closterseven, 29.
Lord Hervey's account of his court,
105. Last moments of his queen,
106

George III., prosperity of the nation at

his accession, i. 45. His early years
and education, 46. Death of his
father, 47. Character of his mother,
47. Waldegrave's character of
him when prince, 48. As king,
Character of the public men at
this period, 50. The King's mental
capacity, 51. Attempt on the part
of the Crown to recover its ancient

49.

power, 51. The 'King's Friends,'

53.

The King's endeavours to break
up party connection, 53. His policy,

54. His

Bute, 55.

cil, 58.

94.

95.

GEORGE

treatment of the Earl of

His speech to the Coun-
Character of his private life,
His marriage, 94. His consort,
His treatment of the Duke of
Devonshire and the Marquis of Rock-
ingham, 100. His triumph over the
Whig party, 104. His policy re-
specting this party, 105. His in-
trigues with Pitt, and his duplicity,
116. Announces to Grenville his
determination to put Pitt at the head
of affairs, 117. His vacillation and
dissimulation, 120. His mode of
gaining over the Duke of Bedford,
His further treacherous con-
duct, 122. Takes a strong personal
interest in the proceedings against
Wilkes, 137. His arbitrary conduct
on the question of the general war-
rants, 137. His sudden illness, and
question of a regency, 159. Misled
by Halifax as to the Regency Bill,
162. Confers with Grenville and
Mansfield, 165–167. His intrigues
with the Opposition, 168. Sends for
the Duke of Cumberland as to the

121.

regency question, 169. Puts the
Duke into communication with Mr.
Pitt, 170. Decision on the Bill. 171.
Grenville's insolence to the King, 171,
176. Resignation of the ministry,
176, 181. Negotiations with Mr.
Pitt and with Lord Lyttelton, 170-
180. The ministry recalled by the
King, 181, 182. His interview with,
and remonstrance of, the Duke of
Bedford, 183. Formation of the
Rockingham administration, 187.
And of that of Lord Chatham, 219.
The King's sincere support of Lord
Chatham's administration, 225. His
resentment against Wilkes, 265.
Whom he determines to crush, 271.
His design of suppressing the revolt
in America, 271. His speech about
the murrain, 311. His determination
not to yield to the dictation of party,
323, 356. Commands Lord North to
reconstruct the Government, 323.
Address of the City of London to the

GEORGE

King, 336, 337. The King's answer,
338. Anger of the Court, 340. The
King's answer to an address of the
City of London, 357. Profligacy of
ministers in the first years of the
King's reign, ii. 41. Resumption of
the power of the Crown by this King,
43. His part in the parliamentary
proceedings against the press, 91.
His consort, 103. His political
maxims, 103. Death of his mother,
103. Character of the Court of
Leicester House, and education of
the King, 107. Death of his father,
107. His private character, 108.
His brothers, 108. His opposition
to royal intermarriage with subjects,
111. Increase of the Civil List, 230.
Distress of the King's tradespeople,
231. Frugality of his household,
232.

His inflexibility in the case of
Dr. Dodd, 241. His obstinacy re-
garding the American war, 267,
272. His resentment at the applica-
tion to Lord Chatham, 275. His
intolerant spirit as to Catholic eman-
cipation, 284. Dunning's motion for
diminishing the power of the Crown,
324. The King's reluctance to ac-
cept Lord North's resignation, 416.
His dislike to an oligarchy, 417.
His overtures to Lord Rockingham,
420. Sends for Lord Shelburne, 421.
Corrupt practices of the Crown, 434.
His difficulties on the resignation of
Lord Shelburne, iii. 28. Lord North's
remarks on the limitation of the
power of the King, 32.

His supre-
macy at the commencement of the
war with America, 42. The King's
dislike of the Coalition, 66. His
conduct on the passing of the Indian
Bill, 71, 75. His want of openness,
76. His treacherous conduct, 77.
His determination not to dismiss
Pitt, 94. Termination of the strug-
gle between the King and the Whig
party, 97. His tortuous policy, 98.
Obloquy thrown upon him, 99. His
illness in 1788, 182. His recovery,
195, 205. His treatment during his

GERMAINE

391

illness, 207. His great popularity,
212. His resumption of power,
220. His interview with his sons,
221. His singular delusion, 222.
Disagreements in the royal family,
223. His speech in 1792, 290. His
message to Parliament as to the estab-
lishment of the Prince of Wales, 419.
Outrage cominitted upon his majesty,
iv. 16. Appeal of the Irish to him,
99. Attempt to shoot the King, 249.
His strong opposition to Catholic
emancipation, 286, 301. Lord
Loughborough and Mr. Pitt's advice
to the King on the subject, 294, 295.
The King's answer, 295. Sends for
Mr. Addington, 299. The King's
penetration of character, 300. His
mental excitement, 305. His dan-
gerous illness, 309. His convales-
cence, 310
George, Prince of Wales, his marriages,
ii. 113. Wears Fox's colours, iii.
108. His evil reputation at twenty-
five, 153. His advantages, 153–156.
His revenue, 155. Reduces his es-
tablishment, 156. His marriage
with Mrs. Fitzherbert, 157, 160
His debts, 158. His falsehoods, 155,*
160, 162. His debts paid, 167.
His duplicity, 167. The regency
question, 183 et seq. The Prince's
behaviour to the Queen, 201. And
to the King, 210, 222, 223. His
schemes, 224. His first speech in
Parliament, 275. His marriage,
414. His separation from the Prin-
cess, 417. His establishment, 418.
The King's application to Parliament
for his son, 419. Public indignation
at his conduct, 420. Consults with
Mr. Pitt as to the King's health, 307.
His improper conduct, 308.
Germaine, Lord George, becomes Secre-
tary of the Northern Department, ii.
199. His dejection and lukewarm-
ness, 268.
His remarks on General
Burgoyne's conduct in America, 289.
His resignation of the War Depart-
ment, 289. Raised to the peerage as
Lord Sackville, 411. Animadver-

sions on, in the House of Lords,

412

Germantown, battle of, ii. 249
Gibraltar, state of, at the close of the
reign of George II., i. 17. Proposal
of Pitt to cede it to Spain, in consi-
deration of her assisting England to
recover Minorca, 29. Siege of, 323,
395; iii. 3. De Crillon's attempts,
12. Firmness of the garrison, 13.
General Elliot's defence, 14. Float-
ing batteries, 14. Loss of the be-
siegers, 15. Failure of the siege, 16.
Efforts of Spain to recover Gibraltar, 23
Girondists, character of the, iii. 325
Gloucester, Duke of, his marriage with

Lady Waldegrave, i. 109. His
speech on the regency question, iii.

194

Glynn, Serjeant, moves for a committee
to inquire into the administration of
justice in Westminster Hall, i. 379
Gordon, Lord George, his behaviour in
Parliament, ii. 346. March of him
and his mob to Palace Yard, 347.
His behaviour in the Commons, 348.
Excesses of the mob, 349 et seq.
Lord G. Gordon arrested on a charge
of high treason, 353. Committed to
the Tower, 354. His trial and sub-

sequent career, 359
Goree restored to France, i. 88; iii. 23
Göttingen taken by Ferdinand from the
French, i. 86

Gower, Lord, Chatham's vacillating
conduct towards, i. 232. Joins the
Duke of Grafton's administration
as President of the Council, 253.
His motion for excluding strangers
from the House of Lords, 383.
Resigns, ii. 335

Grafton, Duke of, appointed Secretary

of State in the Rockingham admi-
nistration, i. 189. His character as
a statesman, 189. Resigns, 218.
Placed by Pitt at the head of the
Treasury, 222. His interview with
the Earl of Chatham, 245. Under-
takes the responsibility of prime
minister, 246. Junius's abuse of,
in his Letters, 280. His position

GRENVILLE

as a minister by accident, 306.
Reasons for his measures, 307.
His alarm, and anxiety to be relieved
from the responsibility of office, 308.
Treated by Chatham on his reap.
pearance with coldness and neglect,
308. The Duke's mortification,
309. Attempts at accommodation,
309. His conduct on the Marquis
of Rockingham's motion, 321. His
resignation, 322. His profligacy, ii.
41. His abhorrence of measures
pursued towards America, 228.
Resigns, 198

Granby, Marquis of, sends in his ad-
hesion to Granville's ministry, i. 176.
Sent for by the King and tendered the
reversion of the command-in-chief,
182. His resignation, 310, 320.
His death, character, and career, i.
361

Granville, Earl, refuses the premiership,
i. 22

Grasse, Count de, his fleet, iii. 3. De-
feated by Rodney, 4.
Gratifications given by the minister to

members of Parliament, i. 256 note
Grattan, Henry, his motion on the
Address in 1779, ii. 331. His formal
and solemn Declaration of Rights,
425, 427. His disinterestedness and
patriotism, iv. 88. Overtures made
to him in London, 92. Refuses to
sit in the new Irish parliament, 109.
His sudden reappearance in the Irish
Parliament, 176. His speech, 177.
Duel between him and Corry, 180
Graves, Admiral, joins Admiral Arbuth-
not off New York, ii. 366

Greene, General, appointed to supersede
Gates, ii. 401. Affairs in his com-
mand, 401

Grenada, island of, taken from France,
i. 85

Grenville, George, dismissed from office,
i. 16. Becomes leader of the House
of Commons, 74. Destined for the
Speaker's chair, 74. His conduct and
want of tact, 74, 75. Appointed
Secretary of State, 83. Resigns, 98.
Becomes prime minister, 108. His

GRENVILLE

remonstrance against Bute's inter-
ference in public affairs, 109. His in-
dependence, 116. Intrigues of the King
and Lord Bute to set him aside,
116. His provisional dismissal, 116.
The King's duplicity, 118, 119.
His dispute with the Duke of Bedford
on the question of patronage, 123.
His amendment on the motion of
Sir W. Meredith respecting general
warrants, 136. His financial schemes
respecting the American colonies,

Sta-

His

147. Innocence of his intentions,
148. Not naturally arbitrary, 149.
His mitigatory measures, 149.
bility of his ministry, 157.
culpable conduct as to the Regency
Bill, 163, 164. His contempt of
popularity, 165. His audience with
the King on the obnoxious clause in
the Bill, 165. His insolence to
the King, 173, 176. Resignation
of his ministry tendered, 176, 181.
Reconciliation between him and his
elder brother, 179, 180. Conditions
proposed by ministers, 180, 181.
The ministry recalled by the King,
181, 182. His reply to Pitt's speech
on the taxation of the colonies, 200.
Attempts with Bedford to form a coali-
tion between Bute and the Tories, 218.
Reprobates the proceedings of the
House of Commons as to John Wilkes,
277. His part in the debate on the
Civil List, 289, 290. Reunion of
the Grenville connection, 309. His
Bill on controverted elections, 331.
Ministerial obstructions to the Bill,
333. His death, and character, i.
358

Grenville, James, in Lord Chatham's

administration, i. 224. Resigns, 320.
Grenville, Thomas Lord. Operation of
his Act respecting electoral corruption,
i. 387. His Alien Bill, iii. 294. His
reply to M. Chauvelin, 299. His
answer to Napoleon's letter to the
King, iv. 240. Talleyrand's reply,
242. Grenville's speech in Parliament
on the subject, 244. His free-trade
views, 278. His defence of the late

HARDY

393

ministry, 322. His attack on the
Northern Convention, 365
Grenville, Mr. Thomas, sent by Mr. Fox
to Paris, ii. 436. Elected Speaker,
iii. 197. Becomes Secretary of State,
228.
Advanced to the peerage,
253. Becomes Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs, 253. See Grenville,
Thomas Lord

Grenville, William, takes office under
Pitt, iii. 85

Grey, Mr., his motion on parliamentary
reform, iii. 272.
His violent speech

on the Address, 274, 275. Condemns
the war with France, 360
Grosvenor, Mr., his motion, iii. 92
Guadaloupe taken from the French, i.

33

Guards, the Scots Fusilier, employed to
quell a riot, i. 267

HABEAS Corpus Act, its salutary
effect, i. 129. Suspension of, in
1794, iii. 367, iv. 329

Hackney coachmen, their despotism, ii.
65

Hadfield's attempt to shoot the King,
iv. 250. His capture and trial, 251
Halifax, Earl of, becomes Secretary of
State, i. 115. His claims for patron-
age, 123. Wilkes's action against
him, 137. Who pleads Wilkes's
outlawry in bar, 138. His conduct
on the Regency Bill, 162. His
impertinent advice to the King, 176.
Resumes the office of Secretary of
State, ii. 72

Handcock, President of Congress, ii.
217

Hanover taken by the French, i. 26.
Recovered by Prince Ferdinand, 31.
Public dislike in England to, 77.
Evacuated by the French, 88
Hardwicke, Lord, his speech on the
peace of Paris, i. 101. Refuses the
offer of the premiership, 117. His
death, 158

Hardy, trial of, for high treason, iii.
375. Acquitted, 384