Formation of the Tenses. Present participle: Present + ing; i. c., the present combined with the ending ing, Perfect participle: Present + ed; or,irregular and given. See pp. 29-33, Compound participle: Being, having, or having been + perfect participle. Present infinitive: To + present. See p. 29. Perfect infinitive: To have + perfect participle. Present indicative: Present; or do + present infinitive (without to). Pluperfect indicative: Had + perfect participle. Future-perfect indicative: Shall or will + perfect infinitive. Present subjunctive: Same as present indicative; but be in stead of am. Past subjunctive: Same as past indicative; but were in stead of was. Pluperfect subjunctive: Same as pluperfect indicative. Fresent potential: May, can, or must + present infinitive. Past potential: Might, could, would, or should + present infinitive. Pluperfect potential: Might, could, would, or should + perfect infinitive. PROGRESSIVE FORM: Corresponding tense of the verb be+present participle. PASSIVE FORM: Corresponding tense of the verb be + perfect participle. To express the progressive passive sense, the ordinary progressive form is sometimes used, when the subject can not be considered the doer, and when the common passive verb would denote completion; as, "The fortress was building." -Irving. Being is sometimes put into the common passive verb, for the same purpose; as, "The men are being enrolled."-Newspaper. CONJUGATION EXEMPLIFIED. I have here presented to you the very irregular verb be, the regular verb row, and the irregular verb take, in all the forms in which they can be expressed. Like them, or by their means, may all other verbs be expressed in all their forms; and for I, you, he, she, it, we, you, and they, can be used any other nominatives having the same person and number, that is, all nominatives whatsoever; so that the following conjugation is sufficient to teach all the correct forms of all the verbs, for all the propositions that have been spoken or written, and all that can be spoken or written, in the English language. *Recite the following paradigm across both pages; and the synopsis with thou, down the page. The entire paradigm can also be recited down the page, as well as across; thus, First person singular, com. form, I row; emphatic form, I do row, etc. The parts in Italics show what auxiliary matter must be put to the root of the verb, or what change must be made in it, to express the mood, tense, form, person, and number. C. stands for Common Form ; E., for Emphatic Form; Pr., for Progressive Form; and P., for Passive Form. + Observe that the verb, like the nouns and pronouns in their declension, remains sometimes unchanged, is sometimes partly changed, and is sometimes wholly changed, to express its different properties; and that it sometimes calls in the help of the auxiliary verbs. |