Commons, which was a large room of an oval shape. The House of Lords, to which visitors are admitted, remains unaltered, save that the site of the throne is now occupied by a statue of King George III. The chairs are in their places, the long table in the centre, and the old tapestry still hanging on the walls. This has on the left a representation of King William crossing the Boyne, with poor Schomberg expiring almost under his horse's feet; and on the right the Siege of Derry. Both pieces of needlework are in excellent preservation. The mantel-piece in this room is deserving of notice, being formed of dark Kilkenny marble, beautifully sculptured. Various other rooms, formerly used as offices or committeerooms, are now occupied for different purposes of business. Before leaving the building the attendant-who asks no gratuity-will shew the model of the building, which gives the best idea of the size and plan of the structure.

2. TRINITY COLLEGE is situated immediately opposite the Bank. In the year 1311, Pope Clement V. granted a bull to John Leck, Archbishop of Dublin, to erect a university, which, however, was not acted upon; and not until his successor, A. de Bicknor, obtained a similar authority from Pope John XXII., were statutes drawn up, and a college founded. Like most other institutes of learning, Trinity College was closed in the time of Henry VIII., again to be opened in the reign of his daughter Elizabeth, who erected it into a corporation, consisting of a provost, three fellows, and three scholars, designating it by the name of the "College of the Holy and Indivisible Trinity, near Dublin." In 1627 a new code of laws was framed, by which the number of fellows was fixed at seven, of scholars at twenty, and of probationer fellows at nine. During and after the civil wars of the protectorate, the college fell to a very low ebb, but was brought again to a flourishing condition with the return of royalty to the throne. James I. and Charles II. befriended the college, endowing

it with lands in Ulster and other parts. Several private individuals have also made liberal bequests; among others, those of Erasmus Smith are deservedly esteemed, seeing that no less than five professorships have been endowed from the sums left by him. The instruction is carried on by means of lectures and periodical examinations, though the details of literary and scientific education are intrusted to the eighteen junior fellows, who are elected to their honourable post after a strict examination. The external façade* of the College is, though plain, very beautiful; it is built of Portland stone, and in the Corinthian style, measuring 300 feet in length. The central part is ornamented with tall columns, let into the wall, and supporting an elegant pediment. This portion, to which visitors are admitted on presenting their card, is

THE MUSEUM, a collection which, though small, is creditable to all concerned, and especially to the late Dr. Robert Ball. The visitor who has paid any attention to natural history will be pleased with the skeletons of the ancient elk of Ireland, which have been dug out of bogs in various parts of the country. The series comprises two males and a female, together with a group of six heads of antlers of various ages, from two years old to the adult size. The collection of Irish birds is very fine, the specimens being in good condition, and the series all but complete. Among them may be observed with interest the golden eagle, the erne, the spotted eagle, and a vulture, all shot in the south of Ireland. The other departments are also deserving of notice, especially the antiquities, which include the old charter horn of King O'Kavanagh, and an ancient Irish harp, said to have been that of Brien Boroimhe.

FIRST COURT-YARD.—The building on the right, with the portico of four Corinthian pillars, is the examinationhall, the scene of many a severe ordeal. Internally it is decorated with portraits of illustrious characters, some of them originally students of the College-the sarcastic Dean Swift, Bishop Berkeley, Archbishop King, and Lord Oriel,

*

At the entrance a bronze statue of Goldsmith has been recently erected

being among the number. Every artist has heard of Hewitson's noble monument, executed by him at Rome, to the memory of Provost Baldwin, a liberal benefactor to the College, who died in 1758. This monument, which is placed on the west wall of the room, is composed of black and white marble, with the addition of Egyptian porphyry. It is emblematical, and represents the provost in a reclining position, with an angel at his feet holding a palm branch, while the genius of the university bends over him. Right opposite the examination-hall, on our left, as we enter the quadrangle, is a building of similar style, used as the chapel. Internally it resembles the last building as regards decorations, though the different purpose of the building necessarily requires a somewhat different arrangement. Further on, on the same side, is the

DINING HALL OR REFECTORY, containing portraits of Grattan, Lord Avonmore, Lord Chief Justice Downs, Hussey Burgh, Henry Flood, Lord Kilwarden, and Frederick Prince of Wales, the father of George III. Here a range of buildings formerly divided this quadrangle into two, and in one of the rooms the author of the "Deserted Village " resided, when he was wont to dispense his willing but often ill judged charities. A handsome granite bell-tower in the middle of the quadrangle, ornamented by four statues typifying Divinity, Medicine, Law, and Science, was erected at the sole cost of the late Primate Beresford.

THE LIBRARY occupies the entire south side of what used to be the second quadrangle, 270 feet in length. It is entitled by law to a copy of every work published in Great Britain, and contains upwards of 200,000 volumes. The east end contains a valuable collection of books, known as the Fagel Library, consisting of 18,000 volumes. Many valuable manuscripts are likewise contained in the library, among which there is a Latin copy of the Gospels, known as the Book of Kells, and attributed to Saint Columba, who lived in the sixth century.

THE GEOLOGICAL MUSEUM AND LECTURE ROOMS.

This

D

building stands in the College Park. Its style of architecture is wholly different from that of the other parts of the College, being Lombardo-Venetian, erected after the designs of Messrs. Deane and Woodward. The building is of granite, the dressings and string courses being of Portland stone, elaborately carved. The building is quite a museum of ornament, so great is the variety and richness of its decoration. The entrance hall is extremely beautiful; and the pillars which support the lobbies, being native marble, cannot fail to attract the tourist. Another quadrangle is situated to the north of the first.* The surrounding ground is known as the College Park, which is chiefly used by the students as a place of recreation, in which cricket and other athletic sports are carried on.

The

In COLLEGE GREEN is an equestrian statue in lead of William III., erected in 1701. The figures are bronzed and gilt, presenting rather an imposing appearance. National Memorial to the late Prince Consort is intended to be erected between this statue and the College. We now proceed up Dames Street.

3. THE CASTLE OF DUBLIN is by no means an imposing structure when viewed from the street, wanting as it does the stern rocky base of Edinburgh or Stirling Castle, and the romantic situation or architectural grandeur of many of the Irish forts. Originally built for the defence of the peaceable inhabitants of the town against the aggressions of their unruly neighbours, nothing seemed to have been attended to in its construction but strength. Of late a great many alterations have been made to suit it to the requirements of the age, so that we cannot now judge of its original appearance. Leaving the guides to point out the Bedford Tower, the Birmingham Tower, and other objects of interest, we will walk into

THE VICEREGAL CHAPEL, a building not without ex

* The Historical Society's Library, No. 27 Trinity College, is in connection with the Oxford and Cambridge Union Club, the members of which are entitled to access to the reading rooms.

ternal beauties and decorations, though plain enough to be passed over by the cursory traveller. The chapel is used by the Lord Lieutenant for the time being and his household. It is elaborately ornamented with oak carvings. Round the gallery are the arms of Lord Lieutenants from 1173 to 1814; while those of a later date are emblazoned on either side of the altar. A new handsome pulpit, the gift of the Lord Lieutenant, has lately been erected at the north-east side, and is entered from one of the pilasters, no staircase being visible from the chapel. The groining of the roof and capitals of pilasters exhibit rich mouldings in stucco while each corbel springs from a figure of a human head. Over the altar window, which is of painted glass, representing the Passion, are figures of Faith, Hope, and Charity. On the windows and doors outside are heads, amounting to the number of one hundred and three. Over the east door are St. Patrick and Brian Boroimhe, the latter of whom is looked upon as the Wallace of Ireland, though to the patriotic he added the character of a usurper. The chapel was opened in 1814. The attendant here expects a small gratuity.

THE VICEREGAL APARTMENTS are easily found, and readily shewn to the visitor-of course on the understanding that a fee repays the attention of the cicerone. You enter under a Doric colonnade, and by the grand staircase, into the presence chamber, an ornamented hall containing the throne of the representative of monarchy, which, as well as the hangings, is richly embroidered with gold.

ST. PATRICK'S HALL, or the Ball-Room, is a spacious apartment appropriately ornamented. The empanelled ceiling bears in its centre a large allegorical painting of George III., supported by Justice and Liberty. The other two represent on the one side St. Patrick preaching to the native Irish, and on the other the submission of the Celtic chiefs to Henry II.-a subject by no means palatable to the tastes of "Young Ireland."

THE COUNCIL CHAMBER contains portraits, some of