10 gard to fugar, how much more meritorious would it be, to facrifice the momentary pleafire which we receive from drinking once or twice a day in our tea, than to encourage the numberless cruelties that are continually exercited in order to pio cure it to us! A celebrated French moralitt faid, that when he confidered the wars which we fo. ent in Africa to get negroes, the great number who of courte perith in thefe wars, the multitude of thofe wretches who die in their paffage by disease, bad air, and bad provifions, and inftly, how many perish by the cruel treanent they meet with in a State of flavery, when he faw a bit of fugar be could not help imagining it to be coured with Spots of human blood; but had he added to thefe confiderations, the wars which we carry on against one another to take and retake the iftands that produce this commodity, he would not have feen the fugar fimply spotted with bio d, ie would have beeld it entirely tinged with it. The wars make the maritime powers of Europe, and the inhabitants of Paris and London, pay much dearer for their fuge than thole of Viennt, though they ar-aimoft three hundred leagues ditant from the fea. A pound of fugar, indeed, cofts the former not only the price which they give for it, but also what they pay in taxes neceffary to fupport thofe Reets and armies which ferve to defend and prote& the countries that produce it. To the EDITOR of the EUROPEAN MAGAZINE. SIR, THE following circumftantial and artlefs account of the catastrophe of the celebrated and accomplished EARL of ESSEX, is copied from an ancient manufcript, which has the title of "The Execution of the fometime good Earle of Ellex." As it has mever been printed, and contains fome circumftances not to be found in Camden's account, I fend it to be inferted in your Magazine. I am, &c. THE Farle of Effex fuffred one* Ash Wednesday the 25th of Februzrie 1600 within the Tower of Londoa Serwetne 7 & 8 of the clocks in the Morninge. The maner of his death Br the whole fume of fuch woords as he did speak to the Guard on night before Be died & fuch woords as he did deliver from his chamber to the Scaffold & alfo appon the fcaffold to the hower of his death. One Tuefdaie at night about eleven of the clocke he opened the Calement of his windowe & fpake to the Guard, My good frends praie for me & to-morrowe I fall leave an example behind mee that you fall remember & you fhall fee a ftronge God & a weak man. I have not anie thinge to give you; if I bad, I would give it to you, but I have nothing left but that I muft paie unto the Queen tomorrowe. In the morninge he was brought out by the Liftenant which attended one kim, with 3 Divines exhortinge him & at his cominge foorth of his Chamber he called varie harteie to God that he wo give him ftrength & patience to the end; & all the waie as he came from the Chamber to the Scaffolde he praied fainge O Lord give me true repentance & true patience & true bumilitie. Hee entreated thofe that went with him to praie for him fainge C. D. O God be mercifull to mee the mont wretched finner one the Earth. Then he turned him to the nobell men that fatt one the fcaffold & put of his hatt & faid Rt honourable Lords and Right worshipful and chriftian Brethren that come hither to bee a witnefs of my death I doe confeffe before God & you all that I have been a moft miferabell & wretched finner & a notorious wretch & that the finnes of my youth have been more than the haires of my head, for I have been given to pride & to luft vaine glory & divers other grievous finnes accordinge to the fathion of this world wherein I have moft grievoudly offended my God & therefore O Lord my God forgive me my finnes & especiallie this laft & bloudie fact this deadlie fin which I have committed & was ledd into & alfo manie men have ventured for the love of mee both their lives goodes & foules w is as great to mee as maie bee. Lord Jefus forgive mee & them & for this bloudie fact I have received an honourable triall & am juftlie condemned, protelinge on my falvation be• fore God that I never intended to hurt the perfon of her Majeftie my fovereigne. And whereas I was condemned for my religion, I proteft before God and you all as I hope to be faved I never was Atheist nor Papift for 1 doe defe them bora with all my hart, nor was I ever anie *Ons and on are perpetually confounded in ancient manufc.ipts.-EDITOS. other than a true Chriftian by profeiton for I never denied the power of my God, nor I never believed to be justified by workes: but the religion w i profetie is that I shall be redeemed by the death & pathon of Jefus Chrift crucifyed for my Ens in w profeffion I have alwares beene brought upp from my youth hitherto & nowe by God's grace will die in the fame defringe the God of Heaven for Christ's fake not to fuffer the flesh to have anie power over will but fend thy hole angel to bee neere mee. Then Lifting app his hands & cies to Heaven he entreated the Lords & his Chriftian brethren to afift him in praier as Chrifte himlife taught us entretinge them not with eies & lips onlie but to lift upp their heartes & mindes alfo with him to the Lord; alfo for him. Then he invocated our God zealoufive && the froake readie to be given that it praied for the good citate of her Majeft moft royal perfon ferventlie, for the long continuance of her life and raigne amongst us. He praied alfo for the whole eftate of the nobilitie & alfo for the Commonaltie. Then he faid Right honble Right worshipfull & Chriftian Brethren I will kneele down to praier & will prate aloud because you £11 hear me what I fale istreative you to prate with mee & for me. Then he kneeled downe before the blocke & entreated God to forgive him al his fins & efpecialfie this last lin, this cryinge fin & moft grievous Sn-most nitublic befeechinge her Majritic to forgive & pardon him. Alfix the like he defired of all Efates whatever. Then be repeated the Lord's praler & when he came to As we fortize them that if paft againfi us, the fut repeated it as it was written & then again over thus, As we forgive then all their trefpales agziak us & fo to the ende of the Lord's. prage. Then one of the divines putt him in minde to take the Beliefe which be did the Doctor fainge it foftlie before him. Then he being remembied by the Divines to forgive & praie for his chemies be praied for them all & defired God to forgive them freelie as he did· funge for that they beare the inlane of Ged as well as myselfe. Then be called for the Executioner who came one the fcaffold to him & there befought him to forgive him öz he looked upon him & faid God forgive thee for 1 doe thou art the Minister of rue Jitlice. O God thou knoweft I have been in danger of deathe monie times in being fiting against my enemies & I never was afraide of Death Wherefore I praie thee O God give mee true patience & trulie to be humbled to the end. Then he asked the Executioner what he muft doe & howe he auft lie the whe did as he was told. Then he said I praie you prate for mee & when you fhall fee mee ftreich forth my ar & that my heade be laide on the blacke · SIR, wo picate God to fend his holie angel to carie my foule pp prefemlie before the mercie feate of the everlaftinge God. Then he kneeled downe & liftinge ap his eies devoutly to Heaven he thus far Lord God as one unto thine Altar dhe I come offeringe my bodie and bloud as a facrife. Then he fade his necke out the Wocke & the collar of his doubler. did hinder the Execution" because it did cover his pocke Then himselfe d faic My doublet dothe binder the dothe it not & with that he zote upy again pulled it of fange What I mast dee I will doc & then givinge his bodie to the blocke againe & ferdinge is av abroad & Arestchirge las Sodic at large he repeated that his left worrds 1s necke beinge upon the block, and ind the Execurion' frike home & Saul Lord Jelu come Lord Jelu receive my foule & fo at three ftrokes hce roke of tim head & when his head was of & in the Exocutione,'s hand his eles did open & thut as in the time of his praier, his bude frete armes leges armes fingers never, fired neither anie part of him more than a ftone neither at the fi nor the thirde froke. To the EDITOR of the EUROPEAN MAGAZINE. IWAS lately favoured with a visit from a friend, who, knowing the I had hid fome connection with the lye M. Sterne, brought your Magazine for left March in his pocket, to fhew me a Letter in it, written 32 years ago, on the publicrtion of the first two volumes of Taif tram Shandy. In your Table of Contents to that Magazine yon fuppofe the Letter to have been written by Sterne himtelf. I. with to do juffice to his memory by alluring you, that he nether wrote that Letter, not, I believe, did he ever write any letter to poff that publication. To Satisfy fatisfy the curiofity of a friend in London, the writer of this article wrote the Letter in question, and the Allegory alluded to in it of a Convention of Polemical Divines at Shandy hall on the Book of Job; of Warburton being the Devil who fmote Job from head to foot; of Grey, Peters, and Chapelow being his miferable comforters; and of Bishop Garnet, who had wrote on the fame fubject coming to the Convention uninvited. There is little doubt but that this debate, as well as the difcuffing the fyftem of education for Triftram with the private tutor, the remarks of Uncle Toby, of the honelt Corporal, as well as thofe of Old Shandy, and the embarraffment of the mighty Warburton in having to do with fuch difputants as he had never before met with, would have made it perhaps the most entertaining chapter in the book; and Sterne pleafed himfelf fo much with the idea of what he fhould be able to work it up to, that he let the cat out of the bag, by naming it to two or three friends in London, and, amongst others, to the writer of the Infpector. By fome means it came to Warburton's ears, who, I think, was about that time made Bishop of Gloucefter; and when Sterne afterwards fent out propofals for publishing Sermons by Lubfcription, the good Bishop, to buy off ASHBURN IN the dread of being made the private tus [We are obliged to this Correfpondent DERBYSHIRE. [ WITH A VIEW. ] n, my EDITOR. ASHBURN is delightfully fituated near Lincoln, in whofe fucceffors they have the confines of Derbyshire, furrounded by fertile hills. The entrance to the Town from London is exceedingly picturefque. A fine new road winds down a confiderable hill, from which the houfes appear as if under foot, with Afhburn Hall, the feat of Sir BROOK BOOTHBY, on a rife above it: beyond, the great road fhews itfelf in a variety of turnings up a steep hill, and in the diftance Thorp Cloud with the rocky ruins of Dove-Dale crown the view. The Church is in many respects ftriking; the original form was intended to be that of the Cross, but is unfinished: on the north fide the tower rifes from the body, of the church. It is a Vicarage difcharged of the payment of Firft-fruits and Tenths, valued in the King's Books, with the Rectory of Mapleton, a fmall town near Ashburn, at five pounds four fhillings and feven-pence; the certified clear yearly value is forty-two pounds. The patronage of the church and the rectorial tythes were given by King William Rufus to the Dean of fince continued. The profits of the Vi carage, with the Rectory of Mapleton, are barely one hundred pounds annually. The prefent building was erected in the time of King Henry the Third, and dedicated by Hugh De Patishul, Bishop of Coventry, to the honour of Saint Of. wald, King and Martyr, on the eighth of the Calends of May, Twelve hundred and forty-one. This appears by a very curious infcription on a brafs plate discovered about the year 1719, when a small part of the church that was then in a ruinous ftate was taken down. But there is no doubt that this church was built upon or near the fcite of one more ancient, for there is mention made of a church at Afhburn in Domesday. The weft end, fhewn in the Engraving, exhibits marks of ball diftributed in fome of the Civil Wars. It contains many old Monu. ments; and in a chapel hang the remains of a coat of mail. The family of Mr. FITZHERBERT, the Minister from this Court to Spain, refide at Alburn, To |