aid de camp to try to get him fome beafts, and that if he would not come to town again, they should be fent to him next morning. Mr. Ruffell, liking the place, and being advised to it by Bashaw Hamet's agent, refolved to remain fome time at the cattle, which was called Carfarvo de Harden. In the evening the rest of our company and baggage joined us.

JULY 20th. This morning about eight o'clock Bafhaw Hamet's agent brought us fome mules and horfes he had procured for us. The Grand Bafhaw, having no regard to his promife, did not at all interfere, or give himself any trouble about it. We loaded them immediately, and fet forwards on our journey, accompanied by feven men Bashaw Hamet had ient us for a guard, and twenty-two captives; but were forced to leave the Jew interpreter, our cook, and one fervant, behind, they being very fick, as well as the Hon. Mr. Hambleton, who was likewife left behind, As for Mr. James Hambleton, though he had been ill all the time he was at Mequinez, and ftill continued very weak, he chofe rather to run the risk of dying on the road than to stay behind. We found it intolerably hot upon the road, and the water very bad, which obliged us to lie by during the heat of the day under fome trees. At night we got to an Arab town of tents called Shagra, where we lay, and furnished ourselves and our beats with previlions.

21 ft. We travelled from day-break till eleven o'clock, when the heat forced us to ftop till four in the afternoon. At night we came to an Arab town, remarkable for the boufe of a Saint called Bu-Shi. Here we pitched our tents, and fupplied ourfelves with provifions again. We found the water very bad everywhere all along the road. To-day Mr. Hambleton grew much worfe, and two of the captives were taken ill.

22d. This morning before day-light we fet forward on our journey, and at noon were obliged to halt again till the heat of the day was over. Two more of the captives were taken ill to-day. At night we lay at an Arab town called Albid (which fignifies heat or fire). We were informed by the inhabitants, that every mile we travelled we were in great danger of our lives from the mountain Arabs, who had not been yet fubdued by the Bashaw, of which we were under fome apprehenfion before, obferving our guards were very watchful, and that one of them always rode before to fee if any body appeared. Here we furnished ourselves very

plentifully with provifions, it being a larg tent town, and but four hours journey from the place where Bafhaw Hamet then

was.

23d. This morning we fet forward as foon as the day appeared, being to go over fome difficult and dangerous high mountains. About eleven o'clock we got in fight of Bafhaw Hamet's camp, about four miles from us. This infpired new life into us, from the affurances we flattered ourselves with of Bahaw Hamet's friendship. Here we were joined by four of his horsemen, who were directed to defire Mr. Ruffell not to come any further till the heat of the day was over. Mr. Ruffell knew the meaning of it, and defired the horfemen to return again to the Bashaw, and tell him, that we were all out of order, and would be glad he would give us leave to come into the camp without any cavalcade, being wil ling to avoid the fatigue and ceremony of it; but in about half an hour's time the men came back and acquainted Mr. Ruffell, that the Bafhaw inlifted on our ftaying there till the cool of the evening, which we did under fome trees by a rivulet of bad water. About five o'clock a party of horse came to let Mr. Ruffell know, that the Black Baihaw and Alcayde Azuze, the Bafhaw's brother, were ready to receive him on a fmall plain adjəcent to the Bafhaw's camp. Accordingly we let out, and were faluted by them with the ufual Barbary compliment of fire and fmoke, which continued about two hours, Then Mr. Ruffell was conducted to the Bafhaw, who received him in a very friendly manner, and told him, he was glad the Emperor had dispatched him in fo agreeable a manner; and that, as foon as we had recovered the fatigue of our journey, he would fend us to Tangier. Mr. Ruffell made him a prefent, which he had prefeived on purpofe for him, and took his leave. Then we were conducted to a little straw house, built on purpose for us. Upon entering it, we were furprised to find fach a vast number of flies that it was almott impoffible to fee from one end of the honfe to the other. Alcayde Azuze told Mr. Ruffell, that the mountains thereabouts were called The Mountains of Flies. The Bafhaw gave orders that we should be fupplied with provifions, and affured us that our ftay here fhould not be long.

24th. This morning we were obliged to quit our houfe, the flies being fo troublesome, and the fun fhining fo hot upon it, that it made it a perfect oven; and what was ftill more difagreeable, they

had

had fet fire to the country all around us, fo we got under the shelter of a tree, where we found the flies as troublesome as in the houfe. Mr. Ruffell finding the Bahaw did not come near him, nor let him hear from him, fent to let him know that he defired to speak to him. The Bashaw anfwered, that he was bufy, and could not fee him to-day, but advised Mr.Ruffell to go up into the mountains, where he would find a more agreeable fituation. Accordingly we did fo, and met with a pleafant fpring of cool good water. Here we stayed till the evening, when Mr. Ruffell was informed the Bafhaw was come up, and fat under a tree near us.

Mr. Ruffell went

to him in order to prefs him about our departure, but as foon as the Bafhaw faw him, he moved off, and would not give him an opportunity of fpeaking to him. Upon which Mr. Ruffell began to be apprehenfive that matters did not go on fo fmooth as he might have expected from Bafhaw Hamet, who had upon many occafions profeffed a vaft friendship for him, fe that Mr. Ruffell returned directly to his ftraw houfe again, full of uneafiness and difcontent.

JULY 25th. This day Alcayde Azuze paffing by our houfe, Mr. Ruffell defired to know the reafon why the Bathaw would not fee him. He answered, that the Bafhaw was very bufy in fending fire arms, horfes, and mules (which he had taken from the Arabs), to the Emperor, but that he would foon difpatch him; fo Mr. Ruffell, finding that it would not be today, went up to the fpring again, and at night returned to his houfe, where he found four of the captives fick.

26th. Mr. Ruffell, feeing that our people were taken ill fo fatt, fent Mr. Forbes to the Bafhaw, to let him know it, and to enquire the reafon why we were de tained to long. He would not admit Mr. Forbes to fee him, but fent a Jew to acquaint Mr. Ruffell that he could not difpatch him yet, fo Mr. Ruffel returned again to his fpring, which was all the comfort he had here.

27th. This morning two of the captives were ftruck blind, and one more was taken ill, which Mr. Ruffell reprefented to the Banaw by the Jew; but it was not regarded, for he would not vouch fafe to return an answer; so we went up again to the mountains, and in about half an hour's time Mr. Forbes was ftruck blind, and was forced to be carried down to our houfe.

28th. Mr. Ruffell fent another meffage to the Bafhaw, by his fecretary, whom he

bribed to his intereft, but received no an-
fwer. To-day Mr. Dick, our Surgeon,
was taken ill.

29th. This morning Mr. Ruffell was
taken ill of a flux, attended with a fever.
Mr. Utfall was in the fame condition, and
all our captives were fick but three; upon
which Mr. Ruffell went to Alcayde Azuze,
who told him he fhould certainly be dif
Then Mr.
patched in a day or two.
Ruffell went home, and endeavoured to
comfort the fick with thefe fine promises.
We were all of us fo ill now, that we were
paft relishing our fpring of water.

30th. Mr. Ruffell, finding no prepara-
tions making for our journey, went again
to Alcayde Azuze, and prevailed on him
to come to his houfe; and when he faw
the miferable condition we were all in, as
well as the greatest part of our captives, he
made hafte to his brother, and told him,
that if we were not immediately difpatch-
ed, we fhould all die. Upon which he
fent his brother and two fecretaries to tell
Mr. Ruffell, that he had received an order
from the Emperor to oblige him to pay
for each captive as much as Mr. Stewart
had done to his father, and that tll be had
confented to do fo the Bashaw could not
let him go. Mr. Ruffell anfwered, that
he was very much furprifed at fuch an
unreafonable demand; and that he was
fure it could not come from the Emperor,
who had very readily promited them to
him, as knowing thofe captives to be un-
juftly taken in time of peace, and that he
could not think of promifing any more
than what he had already done. They went
to the Bashaw with this antwer, and return-
ed again to Mr. Ruffell, and told him,
that the Bafhaw taid he was mistaken, for
that the captives w re actually taken in
time of war, declared to be fo by Muley
Abdelmelech, and

found fuch by

Muley Abdal, who had ordered him to take care to be paid for them; and that if Mr. Ruffell would engage his word for the payment, he would difpatch him immediately, and allow him to embark the captives as foon as he arrived at Tangier. Mr. Ruffell then defired he might have leave to return to Fez, which was denied him; and the Bafhaw fent him word, that he fhould not ftir any where till he had complied with his demands. Mr. Ruffell acquainted the Bafhaw that he had already brought with him, and delivered to the Emperor and his minifters, a prefent which coft the King his mafter fifteen hundred pounds. The Bafhaw faid, it was true, but that it was a prefent from one Prince to another, and not to be confidered Y ya

aa

LITERARY JOURNAL,

For NOVEMBER 1792.

Quid fit turpe, quid utile, quid dulce, quid non. Memoirs of the Life of Mr. Nicholas Ferrar. By P. Peckard, D. D. 8vo. 5s. Merrill,

OF the extraordinary afcetic whofe life is recorded in this volume, the world had already been informed by the notices relating to him inferted in the works of Ifaac Walton and Tom Hearne. Dr. Peckard, the prefent Author, having married the eldeft daughter of Mr. Edward Ferrar, late of Huntingdon, became poffeffed of that gentleman's books and papers, and amongst the reft, of a manufcript life of Nicholas Ferrar, intitled, "The Complete Church of England Man," &c. written out fair, and prepared for the prefs from authentic memoirs in the family, by the Rev. Mr. Francis Peck, a gentleman well-known to the literary world by his publications relative to various articles of antiquity.

This manufcript was lent to the Rev. Mr. Jones, of Sheephall, in the county of Hertford, who dying foon after, it was either loft, or, as it seems rather suspected, injuriously detained. Dr. Peckard

having, therefore, found the original manufcript from which Mr. Peck com. pofed his work, as alfo fome loofe and unconnected papers of Mr. Peck's rough draft, he here offers the refult of his inveftigation, with fuch additions, alterations, and illuftrations, as are particular ly pointed out.

From these Memoirs it appears, that the fubject of it was born Feb. 22, 1592 t. His father was a merchant adventurer, and traded very extenfively to the Eaft and Weft Indies. His mother was Mary Wodenoth, daughter of Laurence Wodenoth, of Savington-hall, Chefhire. At four years of age he was fent to school, and at five could read perfectly, or repeat with propriety and grace, a chapter in the Bible. At the age of fix years he went to Euborn School, near Newbury, in Berkshire, where he made fuch a rapid progress in Latin, Greek, and logic, that he foon became the first scholar of his years. In

* Dr. Peckard obferves in his Preface, that in Ifaac Walton's account of Mr. Ferrar are some mistakes respecting dates, which, though not of any great confequence, may be as well fet right. "About the 26th year of his age he betook himself to travel-this should be the 21st year of his age."-" Mr. Ferrar's death was in the year 1639." This is also a mistake; he died on Monday, Dec. 2, 1637.-It is alfo erroneoufly faid, that he translated Valdeffo's "Confiderations" from the Spanish, instead of the Italian.

In the Preface Dr. Peckard fixes the time of Mr. Ferrar's birth to Nov. 22, 1592.

his

his fourteenth year he was transferred to Clare hall, Cambridge, where, in his fecond year, he became a Fellow Commoner. In 1610 he took the degree of Batchelor of Arts, and the next year he was elected Fellow of that Society.

Soon afterwards his health declined,
and he was recommended to try the
effects of a change of air. Being at this
junéture almost of the proper standing to
take the degree of Mafter of Arts, he
was admitted to that degree, though be-
fore the ufual time. He left England in
the train of the Lady Elizabeth, daughter
of James the Firft, juft at that time
married to the Prince Palfgrave. After
fome time he refolved to pafs through
the lower parts of Weftphalia, and fo to
Bremen, Staad, Hamburgh, Lunenburgh,
Lubeck, Leipfic, and fo on to the upper
parts of Germany. He therefore quitted
her Highnefs, and travelled through
Germany, and from thence to Italy, as
far as Rome. From thence he went to
Malta, and, after returning to Venice, fet
out to Marseilles, where he fell danger-
oufly ill with a violent fever, from which
he with difficulty recovered. He then
returned to Venice, where he ftaid until
his health was re-established, and after
wards embarked for Spain.

In his voyage the fhip was attacked
by a Turkish pirate, which was driven
off, and he arrived at the defined port
in Spain. He went to Madrid, where he
faid fome time, and having nearly ex-
haufted his money, he determined to
make the best of his way to England;
and, in order to this, to travel on foot as
well as he could to St. Sebaftian's, and
there take shipping for his native
country. The relation of this journey
forms the most entertaining part of the
prefent volume. After travelling five
hundred miles in Spain, in the heat of
fummer, alone and on foot, he arrived
at St.Sebaftian's, where he found a veffel
ready to fail for England, in which he
embarked, and in a fhort time landed at
Dover. Thic happened in the year 1618.
he engaged
Soon after his return
himself with great diligence, and credit
to his abilities, in the affairs of the
Virginia Company, of which he was
appointed Deputy Governor in 1622.
This Company becoming an object of
jealoufy both to the Court of Spain and
to the contemptible monarch on the
throne, it was affailed by every means
that art, or the law, or the crooked wiles

of policy could fuggeft. Thefe practices
were oppofed by Mr. Ferrar, andno ad-
vantage was obtained over the Company,
until, at length, the venal abuse of the
law was called in, and the chatter de-
clared null and void.

By Mr. Ferrar's exertions in behalf of
the Virginia Company, his character
as a man of bufinefs became fo efta-
blished, that he was in 1624 elected a
Member of Parliament, and he continued
his attention to the welfare of the
Company as long as there was any pro-
fpe of being ufeful to it. On its being
completely diffolved, he put in execution
his defign of relinquithing an active life,
and devoting himself entirely to religious
duties, a plan which Dr. Peckard fup-
poles he had fome time before meditated,
and in the performance of which he
admits, "there cannot be any doubt
but that thefe aufterities gradually re-
duced a conftitution originally not very
ftrong, and fhortened the life of a moft
virtuous and most valuable man."

Previous to his final retreat, he pro-
cured himself to be ordained a deacon
by Dr. Laud, then Bishop of St. David's,
and, all engagements of bufinefs being
difpofed of, about the year 1625 he
went to his retirement, where he con-
tinued during the remainder of his life.
Of the fevere difcipline he imposed on
himfelf and his houfchold, we fhall take
no further notice at prefent than merely
mother, who
to obferve, that his
had at first with alacrity devoted herself
clofe of her life feemed to have been
to thefe unneceffary feverities, towards the
convinced that the mortifications practif-
ed by the family were more than were
neceffary, and the became apprehenfive for
She accordingly
the health, and even for the life
of her beloved fon.
earnestly entreated him to relax a little in
the fevere difcipline which he exercifed
upon himfelf, and which he appears to
have complied with in fome degree only
during her life. This lady died in
1635, and a very excellent character is
given of her by her fon.

Mr. Ferrar himfelf died December 2, 1637, and having been ftyled a ufelefs enthufiaft; a character which, if confined to his conduct from the time of his abandoning fociety, feems very properly affigned, but which appearing to have given great offence to Dr. Peckard, it is but right to afford our readers an opportunity of judging;

we shall therefore