mince any of these small, with the kidney of a loyn of mutton, if it be not fat enough, then season it with cloves, mace, nutmegs, and sugar, cream, currans, eggs, and rose-water, mingle these four together and put them into a dish between two sheets of paste, then close it, and cut the paste round by the brim of the dish, then cut it round about like virginal keys, then turn up one, and let the other lie. A True Gentlewoman's Delight, 1676, p. 98. +To make a Florendine, or dish without paste, or on paste. Take a leg of mutton or veal, shave it into thin slices, and mingle it with some sweet herbs, as sweet marjoram, thyme, savory, parsley, and rosemary, being minced very small, a clove of garlick, some beaten nutmeg, pepper, a minced onion, some grated manchet, and three or four yolks of raw eggs, mix all together, with a little salt, some thin slices of interlarded bacon, and some oister-liquor, lay the meat round the dish on a sheet of paste, or in the dish without paste, bake it, and being baked, stick bay leaves round the dish. Queen's Royal Cookery, 1713. soit qui mal y pense, for the situation FLORENTIUS. A knight, whose story to which St. George reduced the dragon. †To FLOCK. To crowd. Though in the morning I began to goe, That make what haste I could, the sunne was set, +FLOCKLINGS. Taylor's Workes, 1609. Sheep. But she takes not so much for curing of a thousand mortal people, as I have spent in turpentine and tarre to keep my flocklings cleanly in a spring-time. Brome's Queen and Concubine, 1659. Sediment. +FLOCKS. Not to leave anie flockes in the bottome of the cup. FLORENTINE. A kind of made dish, renders torta, 23. I went to Florence, from whence we have the art of is related in the first book of Gower's Confessio Amantis. He bound himself to marry a deformed hag, provided she taught him the solution of a riddle, on which his life depended. She is described as being The lothest wight That ever man cast on his eye. And under that description is alluded to by Shakespeare: Be she as foul as was Florentius' love Tam. Shr., i, 2. +FLOURISH. The condition of flourishing. Present Rome may be said to be but the monument of Rome pass'd, when she was in that flourish that saint Austin desired to see her in; she who tam'd the world, tam'd her self at last, and falling under her own weight, fell to be a prey to Time. Howell's Familiar Letters, 1650. Saxon. The same as fleet. [Explained a wave by Minsheu. It is the Fr. flot, from fluctus, still used in the same sense.] FLOTE. Sea or waves. They all have met again, +FLOUT. A water-course. Temp., i, 2. Item they do further present one sewer in Scotterings at the ould flout shall be sufficiently diked in breadth ten foot in the toppe and six in the bottom from the head thereof unto the carre. To FLUCE. Inquisition in Lincolnshire, 1583. Apparently, for to flounce, or plunge. Only found in these lines: They flirt, they yerk, they backward fluce, and fling As if the devil in their heels had been. Drayton, Moonc., p. 513. +FLUERS. Fishing-boats from eight to twenty tons burthen using flue MS. Customal of Brighton, nets. May's Florentines are made with or without paste. 1580. FLUITS wants explanation, in the following passage: [The following receipts are given for +How to make a Florentine.-Take the kidney of a loyn And now they sound Tantara teares alarme, the fluits fight, fight anew, +FLUMMERY. jelly. Taylor's Workes, 1630. To make flummery that will thicken sauce excellently, instead of grated bread or flower; take a good handful of beaten oat-meal, put it into a quart of water, and boil it half away, then strain it through a sieve; let it stand by you for use, it is much better than grated bread or flower, or in most cases than eggs. Lupton's Thousand Notable Things. To make flummery.-Take half a peck of wheat-bran that has not been over-much boulted or sifted, let it soak three or four days in two gallons of water, then strain out the liquid part, pressing it hard; boil it to the consumption of a third part, so that when it cools it will be like a jelly, and keep long. When you heat any of it, season it with sugar, and a little rose or orange-flower-water, and add a little cream or milk, and it will be very pleasant and nourishing. The Way to get Wealth, 1714. +FLUNDERING, ? floundering. Report (which our moderners clepe flundring fame) puts mee in memorie of a notable jest. Nash, Pierce Penilesse, 1592. +FLURN. To sneer. And for those abortive births slipp'd from my brain which can carry neither worth nor weight in the scale of this pregnant age, so fraught and furnish'd with variety of gallant pieces and performances of the choicest of writers, give me leave to flurn at them, as the poor excrescencies of nature, which rather blemish than adorn the structure of a well-composed body. Fletcher's Poems, Pref. +FLURT. A satirical jesture. And must these smiling roses entertain +FLURTING. Scorning? First, know I have here the flurting feather, and have FLUSH. Ripe, full. The borders maritime He is instructed afterwards how to keep and feed his fly. See act v, sc. 2. Fly also is used for a parasite: Courtiers have flies That buzz all news unto them. Massing. Virg. Mart., ii, §. So also Ben Jonson, who by Mosca means the same; as well as his Fly, in the play of the Light Heart. The allusion is classical. +FLY. Phrase. See preceding article. Ant. and Cl., i, 4. +FLY-FLAP. An implement for driving Now the time is flush, To FLUSH. To fly out suddenly, as a So flushing from one spray unto another, Song. Lovelace's Lucasta, 1649. A flie-flap wherewith to chase them away from blowing Withals' Dictionarie, ed. 1608, p. 207. Hung o're your eyes like flie flaps. Randolph's Jealous Lovers, 1646. +FLYING-COACHES. The machines in fairs by which people are carried round in a verticle circle. Now comes Bartholomew-tide, a universal holiday time in London, if not all over the bills of mortality; the scholars break up for about a fortnight, because it is customary; and they are very easy under the affliction. The lawyers break up for almost five months, because it is the long vacation. The apprentices go to the fair because their masters give them leave, and the masters go, because they take leave; while the flying-coaches are planted in proper places, and like the fickle wheel of fortune, toss their inhabitants into all the varieties of life. Now at the top, and with one turn at the bottom, and then to add to their affliction ride backwards, but then their next turn is to rise to the top, and ride forwards. The FOBEDAYS. Apparently, mysteries or feasts. Likewise Titus Livy writeth, that in the solemnization time of the Bacchanalian fobedays at Rome, &c. Rabelais, Engl., B. iii, ch. 45. Ozell says upon this, "If this be a Scotch word for holydays, be it so." The word, therefore, was sir F. Urquhart's; but Dr. Jamieson has it not. Perhaps it is from fow; quasi, drunken days. The original has only "es Bacchanales." +FOD. As we for Saunders death have cause in fods of teares to saile. Paradyse of Dayntie Devises, 1576. †To FODDER. To supply with food. I'll tell thee plainly, such doe entertaine mee, To FODE OUT, or FODE FORTH, WITH WORDS. To keep in attention and expectation, to feed with words. Probably from fodan, Goth., the same etymology as that of to feed. No dictionary that I have seen acknowledges this phrase; but it is in Capell's School of Shakespeare, to which I own my obligation for the last two of these examples. In this meane time with words he foded out In the original: Il traditor intanto dar parole St. 65. But the king alter'd his minde, and foded him foorth with faire words, the space of a year or more. Danet's Commines, sign. Q 1. Knoweyng perfectly that there he should bee foded furth with argumentes so long that he should be in a manner wery. Stow's Annals, Hen. VIII, p. 183. FOEMAN. A foe. Perhaps not altogether obsolete; once very common. Desyr'd of forreine foemen to be known. Spens. F. Q., I, vi, 29. He presents no mark to the enemy; the foeman may with as great aim level at the edge of a penknife. 2 Hen. IV, iii, 2. FOG. Rank strong grass. Used also in the northern counties, for latter grass. Ray defines it, "long grass, remaining in pastures till winter;" which agrees with Du Cange's definition of fogagium. One with another they would lie and play, The thick and well grown fog doth matt my smoother slades. Drayt. Pol., 13, p. 924. Fog-cheeses, in Yorkshire, are such as are made from this latter grass, as eddish-cheeses, in some other counties. To FOG. To hunt in a servile manner; whence pettifogger; not from petit vogue, as Grose conjectures; which words, probably, were never current in England. A soldier says to a lawyer, in reproach, Wer't not for us, thou swad (quoth he) 'tis pity. Counter-Scuffle, in Dryd. Misc., iii, p. 340. +P. Were I not afraid of my father, I could tell him that which would satisfie him in this point well enough S. Hah, fogging knave. Terence in English, 1614. +FOGGER. A cheat, a flatterer. Hence pettifogger. I shall be exclaimed upon to be a beggerly fogger, +FOGGY. Fat; bloated. To She was nor dwarfe-like statur'd, nor too tall, Heywood's Troia Britanica, 1609. Travelling on the way, the weather being extreame hot and the horse no lesse fat and foggie with over much former case, fell downe and died. Copley's Wits, Fits, and Fancies, 1614. FOIL. To trample. Probably from fouler, Fr. Whom he did all to peeces breake, and foyle Spens. F. Q., V, xi, 33. To FOIN. To push, in fencing. Skinner derives it from poindre, to prick; Junius, from poveúw; both very improbably. It seems to be more likely to have arisen from fouiner, to push for eels with a spear; which Menage says the Flemings used, having formed it from fouine, the harpoon or trident with which it was done, that word being itself from fuscina, Latin. To see thee fight, to see thee foin, to see thee traverse, Goblins, O. Pl., x, 132. Rogero never found, and seldom strake Harringt. Ariost., xl, 78. If we had no more wit, we might foin in earnest. A FOIN. A push of the sword or Holingsh., p. 833, That from the seedness the bare fallow brings To teeming foyson. Meas. for M., i, 5. This passage has been thought corrupt; the word that most offends me in it, is seedness, which I would change to seeding. Blossoming time, I presume, means summer; but, without more alteration, the allusion is incorrectly applied. Scotland has foysons to fill up your will Macb., iv, 3. As our modern editions of Shakespeare undertake to give a corrected orthography, it is foolish that this word should in these places be spelt with y. Fifteene hundred men, and great foison of vittels. Cartwright, whose play of the Ordinary was published in 1651, puts foison into the mouth of Moth, the antiquary, as an obsolete word, which in Shakespeare's time it certainly was not. FOIST. A barge, or pinnace. fuste, Dutch and French. From Yet one day in the year, for sweet 'tis voic'd, And that is when it is the lord mayor's foist. B. Jons. Epig., 134; On the Famous Voyage, p. 287. These are things that will not strike their topsails to a foist; and let a man of war, an Argosy, hull, and cry cockles. Philaster, v, p. 165. That is, "They will not yield to an inferior vessel, and suffer a man of war, in which they are, to lie inactive, and in base traffic." In an old poem, called The Shippe of Even so the will and fansie vayne of man, Nor taking heede his fleshly foyst to guide, Commandment was given to the haberdashers, of which craft the maior was, that they should prepare a barge for the bachelors, with a master, and a foyste, garnished with banners, like as they use when the maior is presented at Westmr. Nich. Prog. of Eliz., I, p. 1. It fortuned that the other fregate of Moores, that had founde and taken Fineo, met with this other foiste, or galleie, wherein Fiacuma was. Riche, Farew. to Militarie Profession, 1581. See GALLEYFOIST. Foist meant also a sharper, and is, perhaps, derived from to foist, in the sense of to thrust in improperly, which is said to be from fausser, French. Prate again, as you like this, you whoreson foist, you. You'll controll the point, you? B. Jons. Every Man in his Humour, iv. 7. This brave fellow is no better than a foist. Foist! what is that? A diver with two fingers; a pickpocket; all his train study the figging law, that's to say cutting of purses and foisting. Roaring Girl, O. PL., ví, 113. There is enough about foysts in R. Greene's Theeves falling out, &c., Harl. Misc., viii, p. 382, &c. Thus also foister: When facing foisters fit for Tiburne fraies, The Newe Metamorphosis, i, 17, 1600, MS. To FOIST. To cheat. From the above. Thou cogging, Base, foysting lawyer, that dost set tifogging. Dryd. Misc., 12mo, iii, 339. FOISTING-HOUND, or CUR. A small dog, of the lap-dog kind. A stinking hound. hound. And alledging urgent excuses for my stay behind, part with her as passionately as she would from her foistingEastw. Hoe, O. Pl., iv, 229. As for shepherds' dogs, foisting curs, and such whom some fond ladies make their daily, nay nightly companions too, I shall pass over, being neither worthy to be inserted in this subject, nor agreeable thereto. Gentl. Recreat., p. 23, 8vo. Though it be a privilege of the lady Brach, "to stand by the fire, and stink" (Lear, i, 4), and to foist sometimes bears a kindred sense, it is not quite clear that this name is so derived; yet it is probable enough, as given in contempt. Coles, indeed, decides it; having "A fysting (i. e., foisting) cur, catellus graveolens." Dict. See FYST. †FOGUE. Passion; fury. (Fr.) The term occurs in the Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson, 1644. In FOLIO. style. In abundance, in a great The flint, the stake, the stone in folio flew, FOLIOT, from the Italian, Folletto, or the French, Follet. An imaginary demon, supposed to be harmless. Another sort of these there are, which frequent forlorn houses, which the Italians call Foliots, [but N. B. they have nothing nearer than Folletto] most part innoxious, Cardan holds; they will make strange noyses in the night, howle sometimes pittifully, and then laugh again, cause great flame and sudden lights, fling stones, rattle chains, shave men, open doores and shut them, fling down platters, stooles, chests sometimes appeare in likeness of hares, crowes, black | FONE, for foes. An obsolete form, dogs, &c. Burton, Anat. of Melanch., p. 48, ubi plura. FOLK-MOTE. An assembly of people; mote, a meeting, folk, people, Sax. To which folk-mote they all with one consent, +FOME. Scum. Spens. F. Q., IV, 6. Fome that commeth of lead tried, being in colour like gold. Nomenclator. +FOMERILL. A turret on the roof of a hall or kitchen; another name for a louver. The lovir or fomerill, fumarium et infumibulum. Withals' Dictionarie, ed. 1608, p. 166. frequently employed by Spenser; as But ere he had established his throne, And spred his empire to the utmost shore, +FOOD-FIT. Fairf. Tasso, viii, 78. Capable of feeding. I see not how, in those round blazing beams, Nor can I see how th' earth, and sea should feed So many times (if star-divines say troth) The greatnes of the earth and ocean both. Du Bartas. FON. A fool; or fond, in the northern +FOODING. Provisions? FOND. fonned, which may be found in Wicliffe. Fond, therefore, in the modern sense of tender, evidently implied, in its origin, a doting or extravagant degree of affection. Thou fond mad woman, Wilt thou conceal this dark conspiracy? Rich. II, v, 2. Tell these sad women 'Tis fond to wail inevitable strokes, As 'tis to laugh at them. Cor., iv, 1. To starve in full barns were fond modesty. Honest W., Part 2, O, Pl., iii, 402. He that is young thinketh the olde man fond; and the olde knoweth the young man to be a foole. Euph. and his Eng., p. 9. +FOND-LIKE. Foolish. But streight anon mine uncle and he fell on other talk, of lords and ladies, and many fond-like things, I minded not; for I is weel sure, this keep't me waking e're sine. Brome's Northern Lass. +FONDLING. A term of endearment. Fondling, she said, why striv'st thou to be gon? Why shouldst thou so desire to be alone? Beaumont's Poems, 1640. Fondling was also used in the sense of an idiot, or fool. See under ASPIRE. So also, FONDNESS, and the other derivatives. Fondness it were for any, being free, To covet fetters, tho' they golden be. Spens. Sonnet, 37. See Johnson's Dictionary." FOND, for found. A licence used in imitation of Chaucer. And many strange adventures to be fond. For in the sea to drowne herselfe she fond, Ralph reads a line or two, and then crys mew; Deeming all else according to those few; Thou might'st have thought and prov'd a wiser lad, (As Joan her fooding bought) som good, som bad. Wilts Recreations, 1654. +FOODY. Food-bearing; fertile. Who brought them to the sable fleet from Ida's foody leas. Chapm. I., xi, 104. FOOL. A personage of great celebrity His among our ancestors, whose office in families is very fully exemplified in many of Shakespeare's plays. business was to amuse by his jests, in uttering of which he had complete licence to attack whom he pleased. The peculiar dress and attributes of the fool are fully illustrated by the plate subjoined to the first part of Henry IV, in Johnson and Steevens's edit. 1778. See also BABLE, &c. A few particulars will be sufficient on a subject so familiarised by perpetual recurrence. When Justice Overdo personates a fool, in the play of Bartholomew Fair, in order to spy out the proceedings of the place, he says he wishes to be taken for "something between a fool and a madman." Act ii, 1. This is literally the character, a fellow who, pretending folly, has still the audacity of a madman. The licence allowed to these privileged satirists was such, that nothing which they said was to be resented. "To be generous, guiltless, and of free disposition," says Olivia to Malvolio, "is to take those things for birdbolts, that you deem cannon bullets. There is no slander in an allowed fool, tho' he do nothing but rail." Tw. Night, i, 5. This licence cannot be more fully exemplified than by the Fool in Lear, |