A word to PROF. SKEAT before quitting this apparent promise of this direction, for the subject. He says that he does "not see that appendix contains nothing on the subject. any proof has been offered in favour of the The Rev. W. A. Hill, who edited Campbell's Celtic treatment of the sound of wu as 'u."Poens,' appends a note to the Rainbow' ode, If he will not believe me that the Welsh say writing as follows:ooman, 'ood, 'ool, 'ord, 'orld, &c., dropping the English w in each case, perhaps he will credit William Shakspeare and be good enough to turn up 'Henry V. and mark Fluellen's speech. He might also like to be referred to a paper on The Scottish Vernacular,' by Dr. James Colville, in the Proceedings of the Philosophical Society of Glasgow, vol. xxx., 1898-9. Of course, the Welsh w is a consonant as well as a vowel. HY. HARRISON. IN EACH REIGN "These exquisite lines, which differ materially from those originally given to the public, were composed at Sydenham, in the summer of 1819. This, together with the stanzas beginning 'Maid of England,' and some thirty other small pieces, appeared at different of which as is well known the Poet was editor times in the pages of the New Monthly Magazine, during ten years, namely, from December, 1820, to January, 1831." As it appeared in the New Monthly Magazine for 1821, the poem, with the exception of "its" for her in the tenth stanza and some NUMBER OF BARONETS differences in punctuation and the use of (9th S. iv. 517; v. 114). The reply of MR. given by Hill and subsequent editors. Appacapital letters, is identical with the version EVERARD HOME COLEMAN seems hardly satis-rently, therefore, it must have been “given factory. The list in Whitaker is "exclusive to the public" through some other medium of those merged in the peerage"; extinct and dormant titles are not mentioned; besides, there is no classification as to the various reigns wherein the baronets were created. I do not think any work recently published contains exactly what MR. FRANCIS W. PIXLEY requires, but in Wotton's 'Baronetage of England' (1741 and 1771) there are 66 correct lists" of all the English baronets from James I. to the year of publication, "illustrated with their coats of arms," including those "who are now peers of Great Britain and Ireland, those foreigners who have had this dignity conferred on them, and those whose titles are now extinct." The names are arranged, in order of precedence, under that of the sovereign by whom created. A similar list appears, I believe, in Almon's (father of Debrett's) 'New Baronetage of England,' 1769. Beatson's 'Political Index contains a list of baronets from their creation up to 1806-7, but in Haydn's continuation of this work (The Book of Dignities') the baronets were 66 eliminated," together with other lists which were 66 considered superfluous." It should not be very hard to complete the list up to date; but it would involve much time and research, and would probably be unreliable and imperfect. before it was used in the New Monthly Maga- HERBERT B. CLAYTON. 39, Renfrew Road, Lower Kennington Lane, S. E. CAMPBELL AND KEATS (9th S. v. 86).—Dr. Beattie ('Life and Letters of Thomas Campbell, ii. 350) says that the 'Lines to the Rainbow' were written at Sydenham in 1819, and that in their first shape they "differ materially from those subsequently published." A foot-note to this statement is "See Appendix," but the biographer fails to implement the LADY SHOEMAKERS (9th S. v. 87).—In a very pleasant story just published, 'Yeoman Fleetwood,' by M. E. Francis (Mrs. Francis Blundell), will be found in chap. xi. a description of a scene in which the heroine employs herself in making a pair of shoes. The period of the story is that of the early years of the present century and before Waterloo. WM. H. PEET. In Punch for 1872 (I regret I cannot give a more exact date) appeared one of the late George Du Maurier's society pictures entitled "The Aristocracy manufacturing their Wares for an Industrial Exhibition.' The duke is discovered knitting a stocking, other members things, and the duchess is making a pair of of the family are doing equally unnatural strong boots. Her grace is seen in the centre of the picture with hammer uplifted in the act of striking a palpable nail into the heel of a wapping boot. JOHN T. PAGE. West Haddon, Northamptonshire. LOWESTOFT CHINA (9th S. iv. 498; v. Circumstances have prevented my earlier 12, 73).reply to MR. RATCLIFFE'S query. My knowledge of this ware is by no means special, nor my classification more trustworthy than that of many other collectors; but the subject has been thoroughly thrashed out, and I believe that (independently of the improbability of the theory that this fine Oriental porcelain called. J. ELIOT HODGKIN. GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF MADRAS (9th S. v. 107). No Sir John Pater is to be found amongst the Governors of Madras. Nor can I trace the existence of a knight of that name. W. D. PINK. "FRAIL" (9th S. iv. 436, 507; v. 51).-Here in East Anglia, this is the name of the receptacle, a sort of flat basket, generally made of rushes, in which carpenters, blacksmiths, and others carry their tools. A glass frail, however, used by glaziers, is a case made of wood. F. H. Marlesford. Miscellaneous NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. A Digit of the Moon: a Hindoo Love Story. Trans- 66 the moon, which in Sanskrit is male, is divided into sixteen parts, called "streaks" or digits," and a beautiful woman with the Hindoo poets is a digit of the moon." This portion of the entire work, one-sixteenth, accordingly, has been translated and published in the volume before us. It is the his tory of the subjugation by Prince Suryakānta of Anangaraga, a princess of ravishing beauty, who will only accept as her husband the man who can propose to her, in the course of twenty-one days over which the wooing is spread, a riddle which she cannot solve. How familiar an idea this is folk-lorists will know. With the assistance of his friend Rasakōsha (pronounced Russakōsh) the Prince wins the lovely Princess. About a score adventures are narrated in a fashion recalling that of the 'Arabian Nights,' the whole constituting one of the most fascinating Hindoo love-stories we have read. Supposing the thing to be genuine-and we do so suppose, though the environment has something of the air of fiction-Mr. Bain must lose no time in publishing the whole of a work we are disposed to is in poetry scholars are well aware. The present regard as priceless. How rich the Sanskrit language work appeals, however, to the folk-lorist almost as readily as to the lover of literature. The riddle or story of the second day, showing the manner in which nineteen cows are divided in certain proportions between three brothers without leaving a remainder, is familiar. Most of the other stories are novel to us, and all are of abundant interest. We we have not the space to make clear to our readers claim no special knowledge of Sanskrit legend, and what seem to us the special features of this. We advise, however, every lover of Sanskrit literature to read this delightful product of Oriental imagina tion, and we would call upon Mr. Bain to give us with the least possible delay the entire work. An Antiquarian Survey of East Gower, Glamorganshire. By W. LI. Morgan, Lieut.-Col. late R.E. (C. J. Clark.) COL. MORGAN is practically the first historian of the district of East Gower. His book is rather a collection of materials from which a history may subsequently be compiled than a sustained and systematic record. Against this method of treatnient we have nothing to urge, the book being announced as an antiquarian survey and not as a history. The task of criticism--or rather, perhaps, of description-would, however, have been easier had the historical particulars supplied been more extensive. For these the reader will turn to the History of West Gower.' On the domains of his predecessor Col. Morgan is careful not to trespass. To the traveller Gower is known as one of the most picturesque and primitive districts of South Wales; to the antiquary and the student generally as the seat of numerous Druidic remains, and for the caves with which its bold and rocky coastline is indented. Of these caves Bacon Hole and Minchen Cave have been most remunera tive to the explorer, immense deposits of animal remains having been found, together with some few signs of human occupation during the neolithic period. These latter are, however, sadly disappointing in number, and in the majority of caves no trace of human handiwork is to be observed. Finds of bronze implements are few, though the Bronze Age is well represented by circles, carns, &c. Carns are especially numerous, "the tops of all the hills east of the Tawe being covered with them," In a limestone quarry at Langrove, in 1827, were found fragments of three very ancient leaf-shaped British brouze swords, portions of a bronze spearhead, and a piece of wrought iron in the shape of a Y, greatly corroded by rust. In the Bacon Hole marks of human residence were discovered; though none were found below the upper stalagmite, in the mud above it were some pieces of British pottery." In Minchen Hole, meanwhile, so recently as 1896, a bone pin, a piece of a Roman mortuarium, a small bit of Samian ware, and other articles were discovered. The difficulty of conveying to the reader an idea of the treasures that have been unearthed is augmented by the fact that these are arranged under localities, and not under separate heads. In very many cases, moreover, conjecture itself is at fault in endeavouring to supply an account of some of the antiquities with which the district abounds. Of the earthworks known as "Penlle'r Bebyll," the chief place of the tabernacles, or habitations, Col. Morgan, who describes its appearance, can only say, What it has been none can tell"; and of the adjacent Penlle'r Castell (sic) he adds, "Absolutely nothing is known about the Castle, when or by whom it was erected, or what it was called." As its date is that of the Norman Conquest, this absence of information is perplexing. Col Morgan's conjecture is that Henry or Harry Beaumont, the supposed builder of the original castle of Swansea, took possession of the western portion only of Gower, and that the eastern portion was held by the Welsh, whose stronghold and castle this remained. Among pleasing features in a volume which makes direct appeal to antiquaries are the illustratious and plans of St. Mary's Church, Swansea; of the castles at Swansea and Oystermouth; of cromlechs, sculptured stones, and other objects of interest. These include maps of megalithic and ecclesiastical remains, and military antiquities. Most important among the supplements is Col. Morgan's attempt to settle the muchdisputed question as to the origin of the name of Swansea. As readers of our pages are aware, he is convinced that the Sein Henyd of the Welsh historians corresponds to Swansea, and he now suggests that the two names are identical. The subject has both interest and importance. We have no such information or knowledge, however, as justifies us in pronouncing an opinion upon it. An essay on The Ethnography of Gower' constitutes an important feature in a book with strong claims on attention. Acts of the Privy Council of England. New Series. Vol. XIX. A.D. 1590. Edited by John Roche Dasent, C.B. (Eyre & Spottiswoode.) COMPARED with the years by which it had been preceded, 1590 was, as regards English politics and social development, dull and uneventful. This state of affairs is reflected in the Acts of the Privy Council, the register of which, from 25 March to 30 September, has few entries of much interest to modern readers. The death, in his ninetieth year, of Sir Francis Walsingham, Knight, “Principall Secretarie to her Majestie, and Chauncellour of the Duchie of Lancaster," is chronicled as having taken place on 13 April "about xj of the clock in the night." Allusion is also made to the death of Sir James Croft, Comptroller of the Household. The fall of Sir John Perrot (or Perrott, as the name is here spelt) is passed over practically in silence. His death will presumably be dealt with in a subsequent volume. Many of the entries deal with the punishment of recusants. Milder treatment is afforded to Catholic prisoners, foreign priests being only banished the realm, and "Seminarie" priests of English birth being bound over to good behaviour. We have no reference to stage plays or to Court entertainments. Mr. Dasent's editorial duties are, as usual, admirably discharged; but the volume in all other respects is inferior to its predecessor. Those who read it carefully will find not a few points raised which have a bearing upon our present position, such especially as the carriage of munitions of war to the Spaniards, her Majesty being certainly "aduertized that under the pretence of merchandize there were amongst them [masters and mariners belonging to the Low Countries] that did convey munytion and provicion of warr into Spaine, as there were divers lykewyse that cullored the goods of Spanyards in their intercourse of trafick." Such, however, were the subject of special attention by Sir John Hawkins and Sir Martin Frobusher (sic), Knights. The Antonine Wall Report. (Glasgow Archæological Society.) A LONG delay-for which no explanation is vouchsafed, but for which we have no idea of calling the authorities to account-has preceded the publication of this report of the proceedings for the exploration of the Antonine Wall undertaken during the years 1890-93 by a representative committee of the Glasgow Archæological Society. This Vallum of Antonine, known by various names, of which the most popular are Graham's Dyke and, generically, the Roman Wall, crosses Scotland at its narrowest part, from Dunglass Castle on the Clyde to Caer Ridden Kirk, near the Firth of Forth, or, according to its latest describers, from Old Kil patrick on the Clyde to Bridgeness, near Carriden, a distance of about thirty-six and a half standard miles. After having in the person of his lieutenant Quintus Lollins Urbicus conquered the Britons and driven away the barbarians, the Emperor Antoninus Pius erected a murus cespiticius, for the purpose of preserving his conquests from the ravages of Northern tribes. Students of Scottish history are well aware of the discussions to which this construction has given rise. Among classical references the account of Julius Capitolinus stands foremost in value and interest. What is said by native writers-Bede, Gildas, Nennius, and the rest-adds nothing to our knowledge. Thanks, however, to the inscriptions still preserved, and priceless in value, we have some few certainties on which to rest. The attention of the Society was first called to the subject when a cutting for the Carron Company's branch railway, passing under Croy Hill, laid bare a section of the Roman military way. Interest was at once stirred, private assistance was forthcoming, and, thanks to the encouragement afforded, a series of investigations was carried out under the competent direction of a committee of Scottish antiquaries. Among the members of this was Mr. George Neilson, whose services to archæology are well known to our readers. To him has been entrusted the task of co-ordinating the results obtained, and the work, so far as the literary portion is concerned, is his. It is obviously im possible to give our readers any insight into the results obtained. For these we must refer them to the work itself. The plough has in the course of centuries obliterated many of the traces of human 'the handiwork; but in a few parts, as in the woods of Bonnyside, the remains of the quadruple line are excellently preserved, though the external appearances give small indication of the primitive shape of the work. Of singular interest are the walling tablets, of which eighteen have been found in the stations or on the line of the vallum, describing the portions of the work executed by the various legions. At Bridgeness, on the Firth of Forth, supposed to mark the eastern extremity of the vallum, was a tablet, now in the Antiquarian Museum, Edinburgh, saying how under Emperor Cæsar Titus Elius Hadrian Antonine, the August, the Pious, the Father of his Country, the 2nd Legion, the August, did (the work of the vallum for) 4,652 paces. A second tablet, found at Castlecary, and now in the Hunterian Museum, declares, The first cohort of the Tungrians did (the work of the vallum for) 1,000 (paces)," and subsequently tells how a vexillation of the 20th Legion, the Victorious, did 3,000 paces, and so forth. Almost all begin with a dedication to the Emperor Antoninus Pius. A tablet with the name of Quintus Lollius Urbicus serves as a frontispiece to the volume. Another object of great interest, discovered accidentally by the plough in 1895, is an altar to Silvanus, of which also an illustration is given, together with a full description by Mr. Haverfield, F.S.A. As filled out the text gives, "Erected to the god Silvanus by Caristanius Iustianus, præfect of the First Cohort of Hamii, in willing payment of a vow." We must needs close here. To Scottish antiquaries and historians the work done by the Society is well known. English archæologists may be less well informed. It is to be hoped that funds to complete investigations so earnestly undertaken and so competently executed will not be withheld. A Kipling Primer. By Frederic L. Knowles. (Chatto & Windus.) THE extraordinary vogue of Mr. Kipling is shown by the existence of, and presumably the call for, such volumes as this. A "Primer" has seldom, we think, been devoted to a living author's work before. In this case it is a sort of premature and potted biography, provided with a bibliography of the already intricate scheme of the author's writings. The references to critical articles are useful; the writer's own contributions of the sort are not of much note. There are a good many brief assorted scraps of opinion tacked on to the short account of each story of the author's. Such samples are, we have noticed, a favourite form of American literary nutriment. The book is, in fact, American in its origin, and this will limit its value over here. We are not referred, for instance, to Messrs. Macmillan's edition of The Day's Work,' which is the only one current in England, but to an American issue. And surely the bibliography should add, under a heading like The Day's Work,' the list of separate stories comprised in that volume. Otherwise, since the stories are capriciously named, it is difficult to find them in the alphabetical list, if one forgets their exact title. Opinions are printed from such various authorities as the Boston Congregationalist, Mr. Gosse, a "Brattleboro Visitor," and the Atheпочит. "Personalia" abound, often of a trivial sort. The mention of the services of Mr. Kipling's wife's maternal grandfather to the Mikado of Japan is likely to raise a smile. Fame is a capricious thing. Tennyson is fabled to have been known merely as a "gent out of the Temple." Mr. Kipling, it is clear, will never be so ignorantly described, for his merits are blazoned abroad in all sorts of likely and unlikely places, such as a Sunday-school magazine and a commentary on Eschylus. King John and The Winter's Tale constitute the latest additions to the dainty little "Chiswick Shakespeare" (Bell & Sons), the text of which is that of the Cambridge edition. Like the preceding volumes, each of these plays has a glossary and a few serviceable notes, with some striking and wellexecuted designs. WE have received the issues for 1900 of Willing's Press Guide (125, Strand) and The Argus Guide to Municipal London (the Office, 8, New Bridge Street). The Press, both provincial and metropolitan, is very fully represented in the former. We imagine that Novitates Geological" should be Geologica on p. 122. The Sphere and the Spear are both included. The Argus Guide' will be doing a great service if it calls the attention of Londoners to the government of their own city, a point they are culpably careless about. MR. G. LAURENCE GOMME has compiled an Inder of Archaeological Papers published in 1898, which is issued by Messrs. A. Constable & Co. Such compact sources of information in a small compass are highly useful, and we thank Mr. Gomme for his careful and laudable work. Notices to Correspondents. notices: We must call special attention to the following ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub lication, but as a guarantee of good faith. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications corre spondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. queries are requested to head the second comCorrespondents who repeat munication "Duplicate." W. T. ("Tennyson Quotation").-You will find the passage in the Ode sung at the Opening of the International Exhibition,' part v. ('Works,' onevol. ed., p. 223). SENGA ("Derivation of Tramway").-The derivation is nonsense, as a study of N. & Q.' will show. 8th S. iii. 96, 373, will probably suffice. CORRIGENDUM.-P. 46, col. 2, 1. 32, for "Lodo wich" read Lodowick. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 3, 1900. CONTENTS.-No. 114. NOTES:-Regimental Nicknames, 161-Shakspeariana, 162 -English Volunteers Abroad-Campbell and Virgil, 164-Macky's 'Court Characters,' 165-" Heel-ball"-Letterwriting-Evolution of Editors,' 166-"Baphomet "Browning-"Hicatee"-Dedication by Author to Himself-"Entapis," 167. The Mouse-The Law List'-Gipsies-A Chained Curate QUERIES: -"Inkle Tape - Jeu d'Esprit, 167 Shrapnel "Bird-eyed" Shaddock- Inscriptions in Brightwell Church-Inscriptions on Statues, 168- Three Wise Men of Gotham'- Jacobite Societies - Garway Family-Shelley's Mother-Blessing of the Throats, 169. REPLIES:-Thames Tunnel, 169-Companions of Cortes, 170-Was Shakespeare Musical? 171-Gallows Birds and Others Petigrewe"-Marriage Gift, 172-Box-ironsMarquée -Poker Virtue, 173-Emery-"Irish Fearagurthok"-Lytes of Lytes Cary-Depreciation of Coinage -Bottled Burton, 174-Reade Family-B. QuaritchEntire “An End"-"Hanky Panky," 175-Enigma by Prae-Brothers Mayor and Town Clerk at same Time Rate of the Sun's Motion, 176 Proverbs in Jacula "Dossil" Prudentum'-"Wound" for "Winded"-Cinderella- NOTES ON BOOKS:-Barnes's St. Peter in Rome' Bingham's Dandies" is a nickname of the 17th Lancers, and arose from the excessive fastidiousness of a former colonel as to the men's appearance. "Black Cuffs" is a nickname for the 58th (Northamptonshire Regiment). "Black Horse" is a name for the 7th Hussars, as also for the 6th (or Inniskilling) Dragoons. Blayney's Bloodhounds" was the name given to the 89th Regiment in the Irish Rebellion of 1798. This regiment now forms part of the Royal Irish Fusiliers. "Bleeders" is a nickname for Prince Albert's Arbuthnot's Mysteries of Chronology-Legg's Some Somersetshire Light Infantry. Notices to Correspondents. Hotes. REGIMENTAL NICKNAMES OF THE THAT many of the regiments of the British army have unofficial designations, pet names, nicknames, and titles that cannot easily be defined, is well known. Col. Cooper King and other military writers have recorded these nicknames; but the extent and variety of this nominal vocabulary which Tommy Atkins has invented for himself, and often prefers to that imposed by the War Office authorities, will probably surprise a good many readers. This will be seen from the following alphabetical list, derived almost exclusively from Col. Cooper King's work on the British army. Some regiments have more than one nickname, and in these cases each has been entered in its alphabetical order. "Aiglers" was the nickname given the Royal Irish Fusiliers from the capture of the French eagle at Barrosa. "The Assayes" is a name for the old 74th Regiment, now part of the Highland Light Infantry. This designation is an allusion to the manner in which they distinguished themselves at the battle of Assaye. "Barrell's Blues" is a title for the King's Own, derived from the name of a former commander. The "Blind Half Hundred" is a nickname for the 50th, now part of the Queen's Royal West Kent Regiment. The present Manchester Regiment consists of the former 63rd and 96th Regiments. The 63rd had the nickname of "Bloodsuckers." The Devonshire Regiment has had the significant nickname of the "Bloody Eleventh from its tremendous losses at Fontenoy, Ostend, and Salamanca. "Blue Caps" was a name given to the 1st Battalion of the Royal Irish Fusiliers in the Indian Mutiny. The "Blue Marines" is a name applied to the Royal Marine Artillery. The Princess of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment have been called the "Bounders." The Gloucestershire Regiment inherits the name of "Braggs" from a former colonel of the 28th, which is now linked with it. The King's Shropshire Light Infantry is partly made up of the old 53rd, which was known as the "Brickdusts." The "Buff Howards" is a name for the Buffs or East Kent Regiment. "Calvert's Entire" is a name which is said to have originated in the West Yorkshire Regiment, which had three battalions, all raised by Col. Sir Henry Calvert. The 6th Dragoon Guards have been styled the "Carbs," a contraction of Carabineers. "Cauliflowers" was a name for the 47th (Loyal North Lancashire Regiment). The Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment includes the former 97th (Earl of |