women of white origin that Yankee chivalry most comes out. Whether the particular outrage of whipping has been inflicted may be considered perhaps a minor matter; for they have suffered every other that could be inflicted by brutal and often drunken soldiers and officers, from handcuffs up to murder, negroes often being the instruments and sometimes the principals. But I believe that whipping has not been spared in at least two parts of the country-one being the trans-Mississippi district, and the other being Norfolk, where the brave Butler has held sway for some time. And if recent accounts be true, that preux chevalier has lately outdone himself. The horrors to which the women of that part of Virginia which his forces occupy have been subjected are not to be mentioned, says the Times' correspondent, professing to speak from personal knowledge. He contents himself with the assertion that some have perished under them. Has the Professor no words of indignation for this? or is his indignation confined to cases when the sufferer is a woman of colour, and when the hands by which she suffers are Southern ? If that be so, I am afraid that his "fierceness" is not the natural indignation of a man, but the drilled and regulated enthusiasm of a politician,

It may well be believed that if they treat women as they do, the Federals are not very scrupulous as

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to their demeanour in other respects.

I do not

imagine that any war, at least of the present century -not even those in which Turks and Russians have been concerned-can show horrors to match those of the American war, horrors which have been entirely on one side. In the early part of the struggle, Lord Malmesbury drew the attention of the House of Lords to the barbarous order issued by the Northern Government, that medicines and surgical stores should be reckoned contraband of war. I hardly suppose he would think it worth his while to do so now. To find fault with the Federals for such a reason now, would be like blaming Tilly for not waiting on his prisoners at dinner, or being scandalised at one of d'Erlach's followers stealing a silver spoon. To sink a mass of stones with the view of destroying for all time a harbour belonging to the enemy to lay tracts of country as large as Scotland under water, drowning everybody living there, niggers and all, without the smallest compunction— to rain Greek fire upon an undefended part of a besieged city-to sack and burn open towns- to plunder, not only provisions and military stores for the good of the state, but private property, furniture, pictures, and suchlike, for the enrichment of individual officers and their wives-to murder non-combatants in cold blood, sometimes with torture added

-to allow prisoners to be frozen to death, while their guards smoked and warmed themselves-to manage exchanges so as to release prisoners tainted with disorders in the charitable hope that they may carry the contagion back to their countrymen-to be willing to exchange when the balance of prisoners is in favour of the enemy, but not when it is in their own favour to intrust the management of such exchanges to a ruffian whom no officer of the enemy's army could have any dealings with without feeling himself contaminated, and thereby put them in a position in which they must either deal on equal. terms with an outlawed murderer, or leave their countrymen to perish in prisons which would have delighted the tyrants of Italy-to send forth a body of troops to surprise the enemy's capital with the object, not of capturing, but of setting fire to the houses in it-to give those troops written orders to try and seize the chief ruler of the hostile State and the members of his Government, and, if they succeeded, to murder them then and there-and to be rather proud of these exploits as proofs of smartness, - these are the distinguishing characteristics of Federal warfare. And there have been worse brutalities yet. Though I have made no curious researches on the subject, nor indeed should I have been able to do so if I had wished, I have seen things

stated in the public prints about the deeds of Federal soldiers, both black and white, which have been enough—I will not say to make the eyes gleam, but— to make the flesh creep. And I have generally found these accounts accompanied by the remark, that worse atrocities have been committed, but that they are too horrible to be published. We read of a rather distinguished commander of the seventeenth century who used to tell as a good joke, that his soldiers having sacked a place, found a couple of old women, who being fit for nothing else, were made into soup. I verily believe that that general would have been welcomed in the Federal army, and none the less so because he

was of princely blood.

And yet it is in that army that Garibaldi has expressed himself willing to accept a command. Has the Professor no indignation to spare for deeds such as these?

Another Professor, whose writings, even if nothing else, have raised him to eminence, is ready with an answer. I do not recollect his words, but they are to the effect that there never was a war waged with such tender and scrupulous humanity as this war has been waged on the part of the Federals. He says he is prepared to prove it: but I have not heard of his making any attempt to do so. He has, however, tried to do the next best thing. which gives the purest delight to

I am not sure persons of his

school-to find the Americans to be saints, or their own countrymen to be ruffians. He has discovered a statement of Sir Charles Napier's to the effect that he was ashamed of the way our own soldiers behaved at a place in America which we took in the war of fifty years ago; and he is so delighted with his discovery that he sends it off in triumph to the Daily News.' I fear that England has been too long engaged as a belligerent all over the world not to have contracted a good many stains of cruelty in the conduct of her numerous wars. But I think and believe that, even assuming to ourselves the guilt of all the misdeeds of Hawkwood's White Company, even looking with more than French abhorrence on the iniquitous murder of Joan of Arc, even recollecting the Duke of Cumberland in Scotland, and the capture of St Sebastian, and refusing to admit any palliations that may be urged in any of these cases— still I think that we have less to answer for than any other European nation. And I think this gentleman himself supplies a very good presumption of the truth of this. If an unfriendly critic, after having succeeded in finding a case in which our soldiers behaved with cruelty, thinks it worth while to publish the fact to the world, with a loud cry of "Eureka!" it is probable that such cases are not very common. However, granting to this patriotic gentleman that