posed of, then to take up the independent treasury bill;; and this order shall remain until all said bills are disposed of, except Fridays and Saturdays, which shall, as under the rules of the house, be devoted to private bills. This motion gave rise to some conversation and motions, when Mr. M. withdrew it, giving notice of his intention to renew it to-morrow. This day, under the rules, was set apart for the reception of resolutions, but, on motion of Mr. Petrikin, the rules were suspended for the purpose of calling the states and territories for petitions. convention between the United States and the After some remarks from Messrs. Cushing, Lewis Mr. Sergeant, from the committee on the judiciary, reported, with amendment, the senate bill to extend the several acts and provisions now in force for the relief of insolvent debtors to the United States. On motion of Mr. S. the amendment having been agreed to, the bill was read a third time and passed. The morning hour having expired, the house passed to the orders of the day. The speaker then proceeded in the call of the states commencing with Massachusetts, and having proceeded as far as New Jersey, Mr. Randolph presented a petition from citizens of New Jersey, praying for the distribution of the nett proceeds of the sales of the public lands, and moved its reference to the After the reference of several senate bills on the committee on public lands, with instructions to re-speaker's table, the house proceeded to the unport a bill in accordance therewith. finished business thereon, being the bill heretofore introduced by Mr. Bell, to secure the freedom of elections; the pending question being "shall the bill be rejected?" In reply to an inquiry from Mr. R. the speaker decided that the motion, if it gave rise to debate, must lie over; but that it would be in order to move the previous question now—this having been done in former cases. Mr. Randolph moved the previous question. Mr. Petrikin moved to lay the whole subject on the table. Mr. Randolph asked the yeas and nays, which Mr. Lewis moved a call of the house, were ordered. but the call was not ordered. And on the question laying the subject on the table, it was decided in the affirmative, yeas 89, nays 61. Mr. Leet, of Pennsylvania, said he had received and was requested to present a memorial adopted at a large and respectable meeting of citizens of the territory of Wisconsin, held at Green Bay, on the 12th of February last. This memorial, said Mr. L. requests congress to make appropriations in aid of the improvement of the navigation of the Fox and Wisconsin rivers, as also the military road from Fort Howard to Fort Crawford; which appropriations, it is suggested, shall be expended under the direction of the war department. The memorialists also pray that a port of entry be established at the town of Green Bay. Mr. Leet moved that the memorial be referred to the committee on the territories, which was agreed to. And it being now half past two o'clock, the house, in execution of a resolution of Saturday, took a recess until 4 o'clock. Evening session. At four o'clock the house proceeded with the unfinished business of the day, being the reception of petitions, when a number were presented. Mr. Gentry, who held the floor from the day on which the bill had last been up in its order, addressed the house generally in reference to the principles of this bill, and their identity with those upon which the present party came into power, though now repudiated by them; and he replied at length to the published remarks of his colleague (Mr. Watterson) who last addressed the house on the same subject. Mr. G. had not concluded when, the appointed time having arrived, the house took a recess. Evening session. After the recess Mr. Gentry resumed and concluded the course of his remarks; when Mr. Brown, of Tennessee, obtained the floor, but yielded it at the earnest request of Mr. Watterson, of Tennessee, who spoke for some time in reply to that portion of Mr. Gentry's speech in which his own political course had been handled without much ceremony. Mr. Banks, of Virginia, obtained the floor, but yielded it to Mr. Brown, on the condition that he should speak to the present bill; as to discussion of matters and things in general, he was getting very tired of it. Mr. Brown promised; and then, after going at some length into a reply to remarks made by Mr. Bell some time ago, on the general grounds of the bill, he proceeded to a regular analysis of its provisions, commencing with the title and so advaneing in order. He had entered a short way into the Mr. Andrews moved that the further consideration subject, when he yielded for a motion to adjourn; of the motion made by him on Saturday last, to re- which, after having been made, withdrawn, and consider the vote by which the house had determined renewed, was finally decided by yeas and nays in to take a daily recess, be postponed until Thursday.the affirmative: yeas 84, nays 62. Mr. A. said his object was to move a resolution So the house, at about half past six o'clock, adproviding that the house would meet at 10 and re-journed. main in session until 4 P. M. And the motion to postpone was agreed to. Mr. Davis presented certain join resolutions from the legislature of Indiana, on the subject of the continuation of the Cumberland road, and moved their reference to the committee of ways and means with instructions to report a bill for the continuation of said road through the states of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. Before the question on this motion was decided, the house on motion of Mr. Thompson, of Mississippi, adjourned. [Within a few days past the following additions have been made to the standing committees of the house of representatives: Committee of elections.-Of this committee, Mr. Randall, of Maine, has been appointed a member, vice Mr. Crabb, excused. Committee on military affairs.-Of this committee, Mr. Butler, of Kentucky, has been appointed a member, vice Mr. Cave Johnson, excused. By this resignation, (Mr. Johnson having been chairman of the committee), gen. Thompson, of South Carolina, whose name stood next to that of Mr. Johnson on the committee list, has become chairman of the committee. Evening session. Mr. Brown, of Tennessee, resumed his remarks. In the course of them he was called to order by Mr. M. A. Cooper and Mr. Banks, of Virginia, after having alluded to the course of Mr. Bell in relation to abolition petitions. But having been permitted to proceed, left that part of the subject, and in a few moments closed his remarks. Mr. John Davis, of Pennsylvania, moved the previous question. And there was a second. And the question being on ordering the main question-Mr. Bell rose, and said that some of his friends wished him to say that he desired to speak in reply to the allusion which had been made to him by his colleague (Mr. Brown). He had, of course, expected to speak, and was looking for an opportunity to do so at the very moment the previous question was called. Mr. Stanly asked the yeas and nays on taking the main question; which were ordered, and, being taken, were: yeas 92, nays 53. So the main question was ordered to be taken. Mr. Underwood called for the reading of the bill; which having been read-Mr. Turney demanded the yeas and nays on the main question; which were ordered. And the main question, "shall the bill be rejected?" was then taken, and decided in the affirmative: yeas 108, nays 53. So the bill was rejected. On motion of Mr. Atherton, the house then resolved itself into committee of the whole on the state of the union, (Mr. Banks, of Virginia, in the chair). Mr. A. moved that the committee do take up the senate bill commonly known as the sub-treasury bill. Mr. Wise moved to take up the naval appropriation bill. And the question being on the first of the two motions, it was decided (by tellers) in the affirmative: ayes 101, noes 69. Much confusion prevailed, and some discussion followed on a point of order, but no question was taken. So the committee of the whole on the state of the union took up the bill from the senate entitled transfer, and disbursement of the public revenue.' "an act to provide for the collection, safe-keeping, The bill having been read through, and the question being on the first section thereof, Mr. Cushing submitted a motion that the enacting clause of the bill be stricken out. [This motion opened the whole merits of the bill for debate.] Mr. Cushing said it was his intention to debate the provisions of the bill; but that, before he did so, he would make a suggestion to the gentleman from New Hampshire, (Mr. Atherton), who had the custody of it. The bill, important as it was, and being in fact the measure of this administra tion came here without any report from the committee of ways and means, aud the house, therefore, was without any exhibition of the views which guided the committee in reporting this project of a Mr. Taylor, of Ohio, moved to recommit the bill law. Under these circumstances, if the gentleman from New Hampshire or any other gentleman of consolidating certain land offices, with instructions the committee was desirous to address the committo strike out a clause thereof giving the secretary of tee on behalf of the friends of the bill, and to go the treasury discretionary power to consolidate un-juto its merits, he (Mr. C.) would yield the floor der certain circumstances. The motion did not for the purpose. Nay, more-he proffered it-he prevail-ayes 68, noes 92. The bill was then read invited any gentleman to enter into the merits of a third time, and passed. Wednesday, May 20. The journal on motion of Mr. Petrikin was amended. Reports from committees were then received. Mr. Thompson, of Mississippi, explained the cir- Mr. L. Williams moved to refer the bill to the committee of the whole. Mr. White, of Kentucky, moved it be referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union. the bill before he (Mr. C.) spoke of its demerits. [The reporter thinks it right here to remark that the chairman of the committee of ways and means, of this bill properly belongs, is detained from the (Mr. Jones, of Virginia,) and to whom the custody house by indisposition.] Mr. Atherton declined availing himself of the courtesy of the gentleman from Massachusetts, (Mr. Cushing). This (Mr. A. said) was not a new measure, either to the members of the house or to the country. It had been several times recommended by the president in his annual messages, and there had been one or two reports inade, in each branch of congress, in relation to its merits. Not only so, The motion of reference was debated by Messrs. but he must refer to a remark made by one of the Committee on the public lands.-Mr. Mason of Lincoln, White and R. Garland in favor, and Messrs. gentleman's own friends, that every member of this Ohio, has been appointed a member of this commit-Steuart, Chapman and Casey, against the reference house was sent here by his constituents either for -The chair decided the bill under the rule must be or against this bill. A majority of the house had tee, vice Mr. Corwin excused.] Tuesday, May 19. By general consent, a con-referred, an appeal was taken, but before any deci- decided to take it up. The gentleman from Massiderable number of petitions were presented and sion was had on the appeal, the morning hour hav-sachusetts had now moved to strike out the enacting ing expired, the house proceeded to the order of the clause; and he (Mr. A). could only say that it was for the gentleman from Massachusetts to offer to referred. the house and the country the reasons why he had day. made that motion. Until he had done so, Mr. A. would decline to speak. Mr. Petrikin, on his own motion, was excused from serving on the joint committee appointed, under a resolution of the two houses, on the contract of Messrs. Clarke and Force. On motion of Mr. Cushing, (the rules having been suspended for the purpose), the house resol ed itself into committee of the whole on the state of the union (Mr. Garland in the chair) on the bill heretofore reported from the committee on foreign affairs, entitled "A bill to carry into effect a Sundry senate bills were read and referred. Mr. Cushing then took the floor, in obedience to the general voice; after declaring his readiness to go on, either to-night or in the morning, he gave way to Mr. Briggs, on whose motion the committee rose and reported progress. And the house adjourned. CHRONICLE. THE REV. DR. CHANNING has resigned the salary, but not the office of pastor of Federal street church, Boston. COLONIZATION.-Mr. S. Wilkeson, chairman of the board of directors of the American Colonization society has made known through the New York papers, that the suits instituted in the Mississippi court to defeat the will of captain Ross, and his daughter Mrs. Reed, by which the proceeds of their respective large estates were to be appropriated to the colonization of between three and four hundred emancipated slaves, have proved unsuccessful, the decision being in favor of the Colonization society. It is intended to settle them at Sinou, in Liberia. On Thursday the ship Belvidera sailed from Balti more, for Trinidad, with 135 colored emigrants. Elliott Cresson, esq. is lecturing to attentive audiences in Mobile, Ala. May 11. COTTON MARKET.-800 bales sold on the 16th, at New York, at the ra'es unaltered by the arrival of the British Queen. On the 18th, 1,000 bales sold; Uplands 6a9 1-4 cts. per lb. On the 19th there appears to be a steady business doing in cotton; prices are not so firm as they were but no reduction has take place in rates; the sales amount to about 900 bales. From the 1st October, 1839, to the 30th April, 1840, 54,828 bales of cotton were shipped from Apalachicola and St. Joseph's, Florida. May 19th. Flour continues to arrive freely, and the sales rather press on the arrivals, so that prices are quite firm. Cominon Gennessee, with Ohio, Indiana and Michigan in flat hoops and handsome order sell at $4 75 and scarcely can any brands of Genessee be obtained at that price; Ohio, in round hoops, sold this morning at $4 72; southern $4 75 a 8, and $5 12. Corn is dull at 53 a 55 cents. Rye 55 a 57 cents, for northern. Northern oats 33 a 40 cents. Potashes $5 50, free sales. RAIL ROAD ENGINE. An engine from the Western rail road, last week, took from the Worcester depot inBoston to Worcester a train of 30 freight cars, laden with 102 nett tons of merchandise, about double the quantity usually carried over the Worcester road in a train. [Boston Atlas. STOCK MARKET. in N. York 72; at Philadelphia 78 1-2; Girard at PhiThe U. S. Bank of Pennsylvania, ladelphia 39 1-2 40; Vicksburg at do. 17 1-2. A letter from London of April 30th, says, £100,000 Indiana sterling were negociated in Paris a few days since at about 82. FRAUDS ON THE REVENUE. Collector Hoyt seized or caused to be seized on the 13th instant, an immense The New York American, of Tuesday afternoon, amount of jewelry, in a store in Broadway, New York. GEN. SAM. HOUSTON, ex-president of Texas, is onther and of the accounts by the British Queen, which says-stocks have risen to-day-the effect of fine wea his way to Alabama, says the Picayune, for the pur-proved, at least, abundance of money in London.— pose of leading to the altar a beautiful young lady of As to the condition of American stocks in that marthat state. ket, at the latest date, the following extract from an authentic source, speaks plainly enough: LETTERS. Nearly 12,000 letters, besides newspapers, phamplets, &c. were brought out by the British Queen at New York from England. LEVIS. The absconding cashier of the Schuylkill bank has been arrested at Paris, at the instance of an American citizen, on the charge of having entered France with a false passport as a Spanish subject. The prosecutor is a stockholder in the Schuylkill bank. Mr. Levis' papers, it is said, have been placed in the hands of gen. Cass. Galignani's Messenger has the following account of his arrest: London 30th April. We are in some respects mending in the American stock market. United States bank shares are done at £15 15s. to-day, and there are two or three buyers at £15 10. Pennsylvania stock is very heavy, and holders are loud in their expressions of dissatisfaction at the legislature for not passing the bill for taxes. Several parties have sold in alarm-and there is now some in the market, of 1856 at 75. This is a bad state of things, when we have four millions of dollars pledged here for the United New Orleans dates of 9th May say:-"On WednesStates bank, and $400,000 for the Girard, and new "The prefect of police having been officially inform-loans making. If there had been any care evinced day last, Liverpool accounts, via New York, came to hand; and, being considered rather more favorable than ed, on Monday last, that a person named Hosea John by that state for maintaining its credit, no doubt we was expected, our market became quite active, and the Levis, the cashier of the banking house of Messrs. should have had a considerable and rational improveWiles the day exceeded 5,000 bales, at the asking price Schuylkill, at Philadelphia, had absconded from the ment. The state of money, at the opening of the con of factors; principally clean bright cotton for the conti- United States with more than four millions of francs, tinental market for the stock, would have enabled the nent at 81-4 a 8 3.4 cts. per lb. Thursday's sales were and was supposed to have proceeded to Paris, gave French banker to add Pennsylvania to their admi3.000 bales, and the market without change; fair inquir. such instructions for tracing him that he was arrested nistration of American stocks, and it would have given ed for at 8 1-4 a8 1-2 per lb. Yesterday the maket be-on Tuesday, at No. 3 in the Rue Feydeau, where he satisfaction to all. came dull again, and sales of about 2,000 bales; in sorne had just arrived from Bordeaux, and was living in a instances, at a slight decline on the low qualities. To small apartment, with every appearance of parsimony, day we are expecting the Great Western accounts in order, as it is conjectured, to avoid suspicion. The which will influence our market one way or the other greater part of the stolen property, and a large quantity of account books and papers, were found in his session. The prisoner was immediately taken to the depot of the prefecture, and information was sent to the American embassy. for the next four weeks. MR. FENNIMORE COOPER has instituted a suit against Mr. Benjamin, of the New World newspaper, for a libel, laying his damages at $5,000. CAPT. ISAAC DAVIS, is said to have been the first officer who fell in the American revolution. A bill for placing the name of Hannah Leighton, his widow, now 94 years of age and very poor, upon the pension list, passed the U.S. senate last week, ayes 30, nays 9. FANNY ESSLER, a distinguished dansceus, has arrived from Europe, and is attracting full houses at New York, in spite of hard times. ELECTRO-MAGNATISM. A boat has been propelled on the river Neva by electro-magnetism; with what degree of success is not stated. pos MONEY MARKET. New York, May 19. There is a change in the discount on out of town notes. Notes of the Free banks of the far west, such as Erie co. Buffalo, St. Lawrence, Millers, &c. are very plenty, and the brokers charge 2 a 2 1-4 discount. Safety fund and free banks whose bills are not abundant, are taken at 1 1-4 dis. The Philadelphia U. S. Gazette of the 19th says:Money matters remain perfectly easy among our sound business men; but little demand out of doors, and that little of the proper stamp, readily taken at 7 a 8 per cent. per annum. United States bank post notes, 7 per cent. long dates. GREAT FALL IN STOCKS EXPECTED. One of our latest London papers says, "frock coats and white cravats are becoming quite the vogue; prince Albert having set the fashion." SANTA FE TRADERS. traders with 40 wagons and a quantity of gold and A company of Santa Fe silver, arrived lately at Independence, Missouri, on a return trip. SILK CULTURE. An experiment in silk raising has been made in the vicinity of New Orleans. The quality of the article is spoken of in high terms. SILK WORMS. There has been a severe mortality among the worms in this neighborhood. In one or two instances the entire supply has suddenly sick ened, and as suddenly died. The loss, though very severe to those persons who are thus endeavoring to direct the capacities of our country to a valuable end, are not without their benefits. The reliance placed upon our climate is shown to be fallacious, without the THE REV. STEPHEN ELLIOTT, jr. professor of sacred Bicknell's (Phila.) Reporter of Tuesday says-We that here, as elsewhere, they require fresh leaves, room necessary care of cleanliness among the worms; and literature and the evidences of Christianity, was elected learn with pleasure, that nearly all our Philadelphia in- and pure air. Several thousand are, however, still bishop of the diocese of Georgia on the 4th inst. by the stitutions are conducting their operations with a view to producing cocoons; and the next season, it may be unanimous vote of the convention of the Protestant resumption in January next. This is the true policy-hoped, that with the past experience, a better success Episcopal church then in session. nay, it is the only policy than can be pursued with any will attend the understanding. [St. Augustine News. EXCHANGES. At New York 18th inst. bills on Lon-thing like honesty or safety. don 7a8; on Paris 5f. 27 1-2. Domestic.-Philadelphia 5 1-2; Baltimore 5 1-4; Richmond 51-2 a 63-4; Charleston 4 1-2 a 43-4; Augusta 13 a11; Macon 14; Savannah 8 1-2 a 91-2; Mobile 12 a 12 1-2; New Orleans 8 a 9; St. Louis 10; Louisville 9; Cincinnati 8 1-2; Nashville 15. FRES. The woollen factory belonging to Mr. E. W. Lawton, at Portsmouth, R. I. was burnt down on the 15:h inst.-Loss about $14,000-one half insured. MISSIONARIES. The new ship Gen. Harrison, capt. THE MORMONS, Since their dispersion in Missouri, SMALL POX. The ship Shenandoah at Philadelphia from Liverpool, has the small pox on board. She has been ordered to the lazaretto and no one permitted to board her for the present. MR. STEVENS, the traveller, at the last date was about starting to view the ancient city of Palenque, having been detained by the unsettled state of the country. STORMS. This month of May, so far, has been unusually visited with disastrous storms The largest factory at Amoskeag Falls, N. H. was On the 3d instant, on the western lakes was driven destroyed by fire, on Thursday last. It was the Isthe steamboat Champlain ashore four miles south of St. land Mill factory, owned by the Amoskeag Co. Loss NEWSPAPERS. There are now one thousand five Josephs, high and dry; and broke amidships. Several estimated at $10,000, insured at Boston for $25,000. The town of Sellenches, in Switzerland, was entire hundred and fifty-five newspapers and other periodi- trunks belonging to passengers lost overboard. The ly consumed by fire on 21st of April. Two hundred cals published in this country, two hundred and sixty-schooner Minerva Smith lest nearly all her deck load, and fifty houses were burnt, and but four or five were hundred and twenty-four); two hundred and seventy- Chicago, on the 6th with the captain and crew of the seven published in New England, (Massachusetts one and put into St. Josephs in distress. She arrived at left standing.-A hundred persons lost their lives. Three fires occured in Charleston on the morning of four in the state of New York, two hundred and fifty- Champlain. The steamer gov. Mason, went ashore at the 15th instant. The first involved the destruction of three in Pennsylvania, one hundred and sixty-four in the mouth of Muskegon river a total wreck. Mr. E. M. Whiting's inachine shop, on Boundary Ohio. The next largest number in a single state is Street. An hour afterwards two stables-one on the sixty-nine, and the smallest number three. premises of Mr. John Davees, and the other on the premises of Mr. Marshal, in Alexander street-were destroyed. The third alarm arose from the burning of a cotton shed, containing 60 bales which were consumed, belonging to Messrs. Hopkins, Teasdale & Co. FLOUR. No less than 93,529 barrels of flour and WILLIAM M. PRICE, the United States district attorney, it will be remembered, disappeared without notice, one fine morning in December, 1833, leaving behind him a letter to the president, in which he relinquished office, and added, that any apparent balance against him in his accounts would be more than square The steamboat United States had a narrow escape while attempting to make the port of Huron. The schooner Kewanne in attempting to make the same port was driven ashore, and one man drowned. William Pierce, of Boston, Mass. was lost overboard from the brig Illinois. The schooner gen. Warren, high and dry at Presque Isle. On the same day, the Vandalia, Ill. Free Press states, that a storm of wind and rain was experienced there, 37,193 bushels of wheat were delivered at Albany from ed, if allowances for sums properly due to him were which proved very destructive to the farms in the vici the 9th inst. At New Orleans on the same day $3 90 to 3 93. New York, May 13, 1340. The receipts of Gennessec flour ast week are put down at 60,000 bbls, and today at 15,000, and almost all of it has been sold at $4 75 a 4 83. To-day 2,000 bbls. were taken for shipment to Havre at $1 75; of course southern flour, under such circumstances, attracts but little notice, as the better sorts are held at $5. Since that time, he has published and published as a defaulter. He now returns to all appearances voluntarily, a passenger in the British Queen, and on arriving at New York, called on Mr. Butler, the present district attorney, accompanied by his counsel, and informed him that he was ready to answer any demand the government had against him. Mr. Butler said he was not prepared to take any steps in the matter, but must wait for instructions from Washington, which he expects in a day or two. It is said that Mr. Price asserts he has large claims to prefer against the government. Later accounts state that Mr. Price was arrested at the suit of the United States, by the district marshal. After some hours detention he was liberated on bail to the amount of $82,000, which he readily procured. and killing some very valuable stock. A portion of the adjoining country was inundated by the rise of the Kaskasia river from the heavy rain. TEMPERANCE REFORM. The reverend Mr. Kirk, at the recent temperance anniversary in New York, suggested the project for holding a temperance convenon composed of delegates from all parts of the world which the reformation has extended. WHEAT CROPs. The very promising appearance which the fields in this section of the country presented three weeks ago, have, in several of the counties of Maryland, been sadly disappointed by the ravages of the fly, Anne Arundel, Frederick and Talbot suffer severely. FIFTH SERIES. No. 13.-VOL. VIII.] BALTIMORE, MAY 30, 1840. [VOL. LVIII.—WHOLE NO. 1,496, THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED, EVERY SATURDAY, BY JEREMIAH HUGHES, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. INDEX OF CONTENTS OF No. 13, VOL. 8. APPOINTMENTS-by the president Iconspiracy. General Street married a daughter of the supreme court of the United States at the city of 193 the veteran and gallant gen. Thomas Posey, of the Washington, in January next. AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY-24th anniversary report 200 revolution. CONGRESS-Senate 203; house of rep. COURT MARTIAL-at St. Augustine DEATH of gen. J. M. Street FLORIDA-military movements in LAW CASE-fugatives accused of kidnapping 203 205 [Cin. Rep. MILITARY ACADEMY. List of visiters invited to attend the annual examination of cadets at the United States military academy at West Point, in 193 June: 193 193 193 194 193 193 R. H. Gardner, esq. of Maine. Samuel A. Turner, esq. of Massachusetts. ARMY. Court martial. The general court martial which assembled at St. Augustine on the 27th ult. for the trial of capt. M. S. Howe, of the 2d dragoons, we understand, has adjourned without proceeding to the trial. Captain Howe offered the plea that he was already under the cognizance of the civil an thorities for the same offence, (in substance, causNAVY-exploring expedition, wharf, United States ship ing a soldier to be whipped, after which he died), Delaware, Ontario, Pacific squadron 193; court marand that to try hit by two tribunals would be a vitial at Philadelphia, at Brooklyn olation of the constitution of the United States, OREGON-traders and missionaries which declares that no person shall "be subject, for POSTMASTER GENERAL NILES-assumes his office the same offence, to be twice put in jeopardy of life STATES OF THE UNION-New Hampshire, Concord bank; Vermont, political administration meeting at Woodor limb." The court entertained the plea, and then stock; Massachusetts, ex-governor Everett to Europe, adjourned. [Army and Navy Chronicle. Quincy anniversary, public schools; Rhode Island, From Florida. Gen. Armistead, recently appointanniversary of the constitution; Connecticut, extract ed to the command of the army in Florida, has confrom governor Ellsworth's speech 194; state prison, centrated nine hundred men at Fort King. They rail road; New York, address of the whig nembers of will be composed of footmen and horsemen, and the legislature 195; income of railways, cost of transoperate in divisions of 100 each, independent of portation, new rail road route, Rathburn Exchange, each other, in the enemy's country. The St. AuTroy and Schenectady rail road, new street; New Jersey, administration convention, disturbance at gustine News says: "The season for gathering Trenton 193; Pennsylvania, third congressional disgrain is near at hand, as well as assemblages for their trict, R. Biddle, M. C. resigns, legislature proceedgreen corn dance, when preparation for war and a ings, banks, improvements, bail, bankruptcy, admirelation of their enterprises strengthen them to renistration meeting at Philadelphia, Wood the mur newed efforts in their aggressions on the whites. derer, quo warranto; Maryland, electorial candidate, Should these scouts now charged with the duty of Episcopal convention; Virginia, William and Mary, OREGON AND THE MOUNTAINS. The Indepen-hunting for the enemy, come upon them, we may congressional candidate, Richmond bank, Episco- dence Chronicle says that "a company of Rocky pal convention; South Carolina, administration meet- Mountain traders started on Thursday, the 14th ining at Charleston 199; Mississippi, agricultural re-stant, and with them three missionaries and their port and statistics of debt; Louisiana, storm at New wives for the Oregon." Orleans, mammoth lottery; Arkansas, fire at Little Rock, high water; Kentucky, bank; Ohio, grindstone quary; Missouri, wheat; Michigan, State bank; Florida, more murders by the Indians TOBACCO CONVENTION-proceedings of WINNEBAGOES-object to remove REMITTANCES BY MAIL. "A postmaster may enclose money in a letter to the publisher of a newspaper, to pay the subscription of a third person, and frank the letter, if written by himself."-Amos Kendall. Rt. rev. bishop Onderdonk, of New York. THE WINNEBAGOES. The last Galena Demo200 crat says "The Winnebagoes have expressed a 201 determination not to remove from their present situ193 ation, notwithstanding their positive agreement with the agents of the government. Most of the Indians are now at Prairie du Chien. Gov. Dodge and general Atkinson are also at the Prairie. The Indians say they are not for war, but they will die ed Canada last year, and received from the British sooner than remove. Many of these Indians visitgovernment some valuable presents; and it is believed that they have been persuaded to adopt this course by that government-who hope thereby to receive their aid in case of war with this country. Some of our subscribers may not be aware that they may save the postage on subscription money, by requesting the postmaster where they reside to frank their letters containing such money, he being able to satisfy himself before a letter is sealed, that it contains nothing but what refers to the subscription. [Am. Farmer. hope for results differing at least from those which have been had for the last twelve months. If the enemy shall have dispersed into sinall parties, a great and valuable gain will be effected in the destruction of his planting grounds, and he will learn with trembling that, though he has sown in quiet, he shall not reap in security. General Armistead has taken hold of affairs in Florida with a vigorous hand." NAVY. The exploring expedition, at the last accounts, had arrived at Sidney, New South Wales. Norfolk, May 25. The U. S. ship Delaware 74, the navy yard on Saturday, to the anchorage off the captain Charles W. Skinner, dropped down from naval hospital. The Delaware is employed as a receiving ship and school for the naval apprentices. Wharf. The Charleston Patriot of Saturday says: We understand that Smith's wharf, in Hampstead, has been hired by the government navy yard, and is about to undergo alterations immediately for that purpose. IMPORTANT LAW CASE. Fugitives accused of kid napping. The Harrisburg "Keystone" of the 27th Ontario. The United States ship Ontario, J. D. inst. says:-On Saturday, the great case of the com- Williamson, esq. commander, sailed from this port monwealth vs. Edward Prigg and others for kidnap-on Tuesday, 5th instant, having been detached from ping, came up before the supreme court at Harris-the West India squadron. She proceeded hence to burg. After some preliminary discussion between New York, having completed a three years cruise Messrs. Meredith and Nelson of Baltimore, who on this station. During this time, the Ontario bas appeared as counsel for the defendant and the state not lost a single officer or seamen while on board, of Maryland, and Messrs. Hambly of York, and and of the sick that have been sent to the naval Leigh Read, to be marshal of the middle district Johnson, the attorney general, on behalf the com- hospital but four have died. For two months in of Florida, in the place of J. C. Searcy, who de-monwealth, the judgment of the court below was succession, July and August, not a single case was clines that appointinent. reported. [Pensacola paper, May 9. Pacific squadron. We are in receipt of letters from the Pacific, from an esteemed friend, as late as the 12th of February last, at which date the United States frigate Constitution, sloop Falmouth and schooner Shark, were lying at Callao, all well. The Shark had just arrived from the south. The sloop St. Louis had sailed on a cruise to the west coast of Mexico. The "Lexington" had left for the United States. The "Falmouth," would soon follow. The frigate Columbia and sloop John Adams were looked for daily at Lima from Valpa raiso, whence they would sail for the United States. We do not hear of the vessels that are to take the place of those which are on their way home. We have no ships of war now in the East Indies, none amongst the islands in the Pacific, and but two ships and a schooner on the great range of coasts of Chili, Peru and Mexico. Mr. Paulding will no doubt look to this at an early day, and keep employed at all the various points at which we have commerce, at least two or three vessels of war. While on this subject, we would suggest the building and equip. ing of some half a dozen or ten more light ships, such as have been recently built, to be employed in the East Indies, Pacific ocean, West Indies, and coast of Africa. They seem to us to be a very efficient class of vessels, and are maintained at a very small cost to the nation. [Phil. U. S. Gaz. CONSULS. Daniel J. Desmond has been recognized by the president as vice consul of Portugal for Philadelphia, and the other ports of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and west Jersey. Henry G. Coleman, esq. United States consul for the port of Tobasco, died at that place, on the 23d of April last. He had taken passage home, but died before the vessel sailed. Mr. Nelson said the principles involved, were of the deepest concern to all the slave states, that this case would settle and put to rest the conflicting questions of state and national jurisdiction, over the subject of fugitive slaves, and he hoped it would be definitely decided, in the supreme court of the U. States. He said that he and his colleague, Mr. Meredith, appeared for the state of Maryland in this case for that purpose. Mr. Johnson, the attorney general, said this case was designed to settle agitating and delicate questions referred to, by the decision of the highest tribunal in the union, and that he would throw no obstruction in the way of doing so. The special act of assembly Mr. Postmaster General NILES has arrived at under the provisions of which this case came before Washington, and entered on the duties of his of-the supreme court, evidently contemplated that disfice. position of the case, and he could not with propriety, object to a result here in favor of the commonwealth, tending to reach that ultimate end. He therefore left the case, without pressing its argument, to be determined in favor of the commonwealth, if such course met with the approbation of the counsel on the otherside; and that of. the court. The judgment was accordingly affirmed. It will come before DEATH. The papers announce the death of general Joseph M. Street, on the 5th instant, on the Demoine river. He was United States agent for the Sax and Fox Indians, and formerly one of the editors of the "Western World," published at Frankfort, Kentucky, during the exciting period of Burrs' VOL. VIII-SIG. 13. Courts martial. At a naval general court martial, | suggests that the views of the committee may be held at the navy yard, Philadelphia, commenc- better carried out, and the expenses of a large dining on Monday 4th May, lieutenant Charles H. her saved, by holding a public meeting in the hall, Mc Blair was tried on the following charges: in which so many others could participate. 1. Contemptuous treatment of his superior, be. ing in the execution of his office. 2. Unofficerlike conduct, in having used provoking words, gestures and menaces towards captain Henry E. Ballard, an officer of the navy of the United States. 3. Unofficerlike conduct, in having used provoking words and gestures towards captain Charles G. Ridgely, an officer in the navy of the United States. After having carefully and maturely weighed and deliberated upon the matter. The court is of opinion that the first, second, third and fourth specifications of the first charge are not proved, and do accordingly find the accused not guilty of the first charge. The court is also of opinion that the first, second, and specifications of the second charge are not proved, and do accord ingly find the accused not guilty of the second charge. The court is also of opinion that the first and only specification of the third charge is not proved, and do accordingly find the accused not guilty of the third charge. The court does therefore fully acquit the accused. It having been stated in newspapers that the circumstances of the case were such as hardly commend it to the consideration of a court martial, it may be proper to mention that the investigation was made in accordance with the earnest request of lieutenant McBlair himself. [Army and Navy Chronicle. The trial of commodore Elliottt is progressing at Philadelphia. According to the New York papers, a court martial is now sitting at the navy yard, Brooklyn, for the trial of lieut. Fitz Allen Deas. The charges are not stated. Lieut. D. was attached to the ship Decatur, in which commodore Ridgely sailed for the coast of Brazil, but was left behind under arrest upon charges preferred by the commodore. The court is composed of commodore James Renshaw, president; captains J. Gallagher, M. C. Perry and J. T. Newton; commanders S. H. Stringham, J. M. McIntosh, J. Tatnall and W. J. McCluney, members; John McKeon, esq. judge advocate. STATES OF THE UNION. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Concord bank. The New Hampshire Patriot says "It becomes our duty to announce to the public that the Concord bank has stopped payment. But we are authorised by the president and directors of the bank to state that a recent examination has been made of the funds and securities of the bank, and that there can be no doubt they are ample for the purpose of redeeming the bills and paying the deposites and all other liabilities of the bank. It is, therefore, recommended to the holders of the bills not to dispose of them at a sacrifice, as they may be assured that they will be paid in full." VERMONT. Political meeting. An administration paper of the green mountain state says: "The greatest meeting ever held in the mountain state took place on the 20th instant, at Woodstock, and after organizing, appointed hou. C. P. Van Ness and hon. W. C. Bradley, the senatorial electors for president and vice president. MARTIN VAN BUREN was nominated for president and R. M. JOHNSON for vice president. A correspondent of the Bay State Democrat says: metallic, it has only some of these properties, and is exceedingly expensive. In the early stages of society, flocks and herde, and among savage tribes, furs and shells are the measure of property, and the simple currency of their transactions. But as civilization advances, this measure of value becomes Quincy anniversary. The two hundredth anniver- inadequate; some more liberal and expansive cursary of the incorporation of the town of Quincy rency is demanded; one that is convenient, always was celebrated on the 25th instant. at hand, and friendly to credit. Nothing more cer The committee will adopt the suggestion, and a grand affair will come of it. The public schools. At the twelve public schools tainly indicates progress in commerce and advance of this town there are now nearly 1,100 children in mental and moral science than that system which enrolled as scholars. Of this number on Monday distinguishes countries possessing a mixed currency. last, there were present about 900 at the respective For evidence of the truth of this assertion, let a schools. The absences are to be attributed in some comparison be instituted between England or the degree to the prevalence, or fear, of a distemper, United States and Spain, Italy, France or Cuba. I which has prevailed to some extent this season might appeal to all nations, in all times. among children-a disease commonly known as the What currency then does the United States decanker rash. But we think, nevertheless, that the mand? There are some who seriously urge, that all importance and value of education are not yet suf- paper should be suppressed, and the metals substificiently appreciated by all who occupy the respon-tuted. In the first place, an exclusive specie cursible station of parent or guardian. [Nantucket Inquirer. RHODE ISLAND. Anniversary. The semi-centennial anniversary of the adoption of the constitution of Rhode Island is to be celebrated at Newport on the 25th of June. Judge Staples of the supreme court is the orator appointed by the legislature for the occasion. CONNECTICUT. Extract from the speech of gov. Ellsworth, of Connec rency is impracticable. Allowing that we have 70 or 80,000,000 of coin in the country, (which is full our share of that in the world, as the course of trade has indicated) this sum is in no way sufficient for a universal circulation; nor does its accumulation here, make it more plenty in the hands of the people, because they prefer paper. They prefer to leave the coin in the vaults of banks, and take for use the representative of coin. In the next place, bank bills cannot be suppressed, without first putting and end to all banks in all the states, a measure revolutionary and ruinous. A metallic currency would be so inconvenient that it could not for any legth of time be endured. Suppose we had in fact collected the necessary amount; where is this mass of gold and silver to be kept? How is it to be carried about? What is to secure it against robbery and other losses? Its annual depreciation, by wear alone, has been estimated by Mr. McCullock at one quarter of one per cent. And if as has been declared by one of the most distinguished men of the age, that in times of prosperous business and commerce, the daily amounts of payments in the banks of New York alone, have been equal to $8,000,000, how expensive and oppressive would be its use in all the transactions of this great country? Such a currency, too, in its first cost, would be expensive, Not a dollar can be brought into the United States without an equivalent paid abroad. What a debt would thus be contracted in Europe or South America to be paid out of our labor! Suppose, however, that all paper was suppressed, and all the specie we wanted was actually here, how long would it be, before it would be collected in places of deposite for safe keeping, with agents to It is recently, and not until the derangement of guard, count and handle it? Soon, certificates of our currency, that the country has become distress-deposite and orders drawn by depositors on these ed. Up to 1834, with the exception of the last war, agents, would be found equally safe and more conand a few years preceding it, when our commerce venient than the passing of the specie itself from was involved in the wars which grew out of the hand to hand, and would become the circulating French revolution, our currency was not inferior to medium.-Thus we should have a paper currency any in the world; and such was the fiscal system of differing in nothing material from bank bills. When the general government, that of the millions collect- the credit of these specie agents was established, ed by the bank of the United States, not a dollar they would become bankers, and if regulated by was lost nor any charge for services made to the law, would be banks doing business under charters. government. Since 1833, the bank has been dis- If then we we were to start anew in currency, as carded, responsibilities have repeatedly been assum seems to be the desire of some, we should come ed by executive officers, in our monetary affairs, around to the point where we now are, while in the without the advice of congress; new systems of revolution, we should tear into fragments every infinance have been introduced, experience has been terest and institution in the land. thrown away for novelty, experiment has followed experiments, revulsion has follwed revulsion, until we know not what is the present treasury system, nor what it may be to-moriow; this much, however, we understand, that the revenue is falling off, and congress is supplying the exhausted treasury with paper money. Upon the whole, it was a proud day for the democracy of Vermont. There was no pomp or parade, but upon the countenance of each of the great multitude could be seen the stern resolve of freemen, What then, I ask are the causes of our difficulconscious of the justice of their cause, battling for ties? they are the want of a sound, uniform, and liberty and right against tyranny and injustice. The convenient currency; the loss of confider.ce and selfish and unprincipled aristocracy of privilege, credit; unemployed capital and labor: and unsettled who have so long lorded it over the state, in total policy respecting manufactures; opposition to assodisregard of the wants, wishes and interests of the ciated wealth; a restless spirit of innovation, and an people, will see in these proceedings the precursor extreme enterprise urging the inconsiderate into of the fate which awaits them at the polls in Sep-speculation and hazardous traffic. These, if I mistember next, and can form an idea of the damning take not, are the prominent causes of our difficulties. infamy to which their acts will be cousigned by the Let us examine them. judgment of a thinking people. From every quarter of the state, the delegates brought the most flattering account of the progress of the democratic cause. We are gaining strength daily, and the utmost good feeling pervades our ranks in every county."" MASSACHUSETTS. Ex-gov. Everett, is about to visit Europe in consequence of the sickness of a member of his family, and several distinguished gentlemen of Boston have invited him to accept a public dinner in old Faneuil Hall. Gov. E. does not decline the invitation, but The question returns what currency can we have? The states cannot issue paper, shall congress do it. No discreet man would wish to see a power so vast, and in bad hands capable of doing so much mischief, exercised by the federal government. Besides, if government paper was not issued on a specie basis, it would inevitably depreciate and cease to be a currency; and if it was, it would be another name for bank bills. What remains then, if congress will not incorporate a bank of the general character of those heretofore chartered, that the states be left unmolested to charter individual associations as they always have done. Let them be carefully watched; let the legislatures place independent and intelligent centinels to observe them, and no danger need be apprehended from incautious or corrupt management. Is it not our true policy to preserve, I say then, in the first place, we need a sound, and with wholesome laws guard these intitutions, uniform and convenient currency. The nature of a restraining where restraint is necessary; reforming currency is, that it acts as the representatives of where reform is needed, and suppressing where vioproperty: it is a substitute, in pecuniary transactions, lations of charter are established upon judicial enfor unwieldly property, such as land and merchan-quiry? An indiscriminate proscription of banks is dise. Some agreed representative of property ex-injurious to all, showing incorrect information or ists in all civilized countries; and is so essential to narrow views on this subject. the multiplied affairs of commercial and enlightened states, that they cannot prosper without it, but would relapse into a state of barbarism. Intrinsic value does not necessarily enter into its nature; it must be sound, uniform and convenient. If wholly Let me ask such persons what are banks more than partners associated under a legislative charter or law, for the purpose of loaning money? In this association we find men who have retired with the earnings of an active life, men of all grades of pro perty, professional, mechanics, fariners, women, the bosoms of our fellow citizens, any more than will be created by the executive, to be increased anchildren and trustees. The borrower knows where we would discontinue the use of steam, because, it nually in numbers and salaries. Receivers general money is to be loaned and spends no time in hunt- sometimes becomes destructive; or fire, because, and receivers particular, treasurers and sub-treasuing for capitalists; and he knows that ordinarily when uncontrolled, it is dangerous; or knowledge, rers, book-keepers, attorneys, agents, clerks and punctuality and integrity will insure to him the con- or talents, or religion itself, because they are some- runners will have their names added to the blue tinuance of accommodation. The man of enter-times turned to bad account. book which has already grown from a few pages to prise, in a measure dispenses with capital by draw- I have no doubt of the constitutionality of state a volume; and finally, treasury bureaus with volu ing, through a bank, upon future sales, or by antici- banks, and of a bank of the United States, nor can minous records will be established wherever governpating receipts, more advantageously employs his there be a doubt of the obligation of congress to ment money is received or paid out. If there was limited means. If banks are wisely conducted they provide a general currency. The right to do it is no other objection, with practical inen, it would be may, to some extent increase and decrease the ca- implied in its power to coin money; to regulate enough that it is a great change in our financial popital in commercial and manufacturing business. commerce between the states, as it does by promot- licy. What would be thought of England should This they can do according to the state of busi- ing navigation under the latter power; by laws re- she abandon bank paper and attempt to collect her ness; the condition of crops and the course of trade. specting vessels, their national character, their pa- revenue of some 50,000,000 pounds sterling in speThis power gives a mixed currency and advantage pers, crews, medicines, and the examination of cie, mark and lock it up. over masses of coin. One incapable of some ex- steamboats. It is emphatically implied in the power pansion and contraction is not suited to this nor to of congress to collect and pay out its revenue of any commercial country; for prices will change and some $30,000,000, in all these states, in times of trade will fluctuate from other causes than the cha war and peace. Congress ought to see that there is racter of the currency. I am persuaded that it is a a currency, convenient and of uniform value mistake to charge chiefly upon our currency the re- throughout the union; and as far as constitutional vulsions in trade. In the language of a distinguish- power is involved, it is a difference in name only ed writer "revulsions are incident to the fluctuation whether the agent be a bank, a mint, a custom house of prices, and until these can be steadied, which is or a receiver general. There is a difference in the impossible, they will occur. Associated wealth character of the agent, but none in the nature of the may aggravate them or it may mitigate their opera power. tions, as private credit may, but it does not produce It is said that congress is about to exercise its them. There is a certain portion of the commerce constitutional power, and to create a general curof the world that must be fluctuating. Banks are rency by the independent treasury bill, (so called) necessary to carry on that portion most perfectly." and that since the government has determined to reThe fluctuations may not be found in hard money pudiate bank paper and provide vaults and agents of countries, in Spain, Italy, or Germany, for in these its own, we may soon expect, should the house of countries there is but little commerce. Banking representatives, in congress, concur with the senate countries have outstripped them by means of a mix-a currency adequate to our necessities. This bill proed currency, and credit, (its natural consequence), vides that the revenue of the United States shall be which gives circulation to notes of hand and bills of collected by receivers general, locked up in their exchange, and inspires the active and industrious possession until drawn for by the general govern with confidence. ment, and that after 1843, nothing shall be received but gold and silver. The late president of the United States informed congress "that the money of the country ought not to be locked up, any more than the arms belonging to the citizens." And the present secretary of the treasury in his circular letter dated the 26th of September, 1833, instructed the deposite banks "that the deposite of public money would enable them to afford increased facilities to commerce and extend accommodations to individuals." It is provided in the new treasury measure, that duties on foreign goods shall be paid in cash. This is acceptable to New England at least. It is what the friends of the manufacturing interests have been urging upon congress for many years, but it has no particular connexion with the kind of money to be used, nor the mode of collecting. Another prominent cause of our embarrassments, is the want of confidence and credit. I have already remarked that credit is that connexion between capital and labor which gives to the latter the benefit of the former. Credit cannot any where long survive the loss of confidence. If those who possess money become alarmed about their security, or the prosThe course of trade causes more fluctuations and perity of their debtors, or perceive in the government more failures than banks. A sudden expansion or This operation we are assured will fill the chan-a versatile policy, or in the people a jealousy of contraction of bank paper, does sometimes affect nels of trade with money and place our prosperity wealth, they will withdraw their money from active prices, but the cause of this is really in the course of on an immovable foundation. Has this measure the pursuits, and take it out of the hand of labor; they trade, which causes expansion and contraction.-power of accomplishing so much good? Could I will as speedily as possible bring their business to a When prices rise, the fariner adds to his farm, the view it in this light, I would cheerfully embrace it close, and shun the hazards and perplexities of new merchant to his stock; the mechanic and manufac-myself and urge its favorable regard upon this as- undertakings; they will hoard up what yet remains turer to his works; if now from the state of the sea-sembly.-But, gentlemen, it has no such capacity. until times become more propitious. son, the market, or the affairs of the commercial In itself, it does not propose to work such reform, This is just the state of things we are now expeworld, prices fall, revulsion is inevitable. At such but its direct object is to take care of the govern riencing. Capital is retiring; creditors are pressing times banks often make the change less calamitous ment. So far as the measure bears upon trade and debtors; manufacturers cannot draw on funds as forby sustaining such persons as are entitled to credit, currency it seems to ine, it is decidedly unfriendly. merly, because their consignees dare not sell; merand not a few of those who denounce banks, have It may create a currency at the door of the treasury, chants refuse to trust and every man looks with susliberally received assistance and been saved from but not extensively for the people, and it surely will picion upon the solvency of his neighbor; until fear bankruptcy. If there were no moneyed corporations, ere long be abandoned as a device more congenial to and distrust have seized upon the community, and there would be revolutions in trade, private credit the earlier age of society, than to the higher civili-separated, fatally separated capital from labor; prowould fail equally with banks, and then there would zation and commercial pre-eminence of this day perty is rapidly depreciating, and wages are gradu. be no general resort for persons suddenly overtaken. and nation.-Its capacity lies in its destructive, not ally diminishing. The farmer, not in debt, may not If we cannot have a national bank, to carry on ex-its creative power. How, for instance, can the col-himself feel the deep distress of men of business, changes, we must have accredited state banks, as inadequate as they are. If they fall, the states in the union, are sundered in their relations and interests, and finally their affections. I appeal to the manufacturers of New England, who have hitherto found a market in the south and west, if they can maintain any connection with those regions? and if those markets are not, at this time, for all commercial purposes as remote from us as the states of South America. If the government continues to persevere in in its present policy, our courage will, ere long, wholly fail, and our strength and means diminish, until a revolution of some kind terminates present measures. I will only remark further, that banks, with all their disadvantages, and they have them, exist in every country of any considerable activity, and cominercial credit. By long experience they have been found convenient and necessary, and they are, at this day, co-operating with other means, in promoting liberal sentiments, free institutions and_the_intellectual and moral elevation of mankind. Let a comparison of nations decide this ques tion. lection of $1,000,000 a month in specie, in the city but the wave of adversity rolling in will soon reach him, amid the losses of merchants and manufacturers. Let me say then, gentlemen, if you would assist labor, and secure to it liberal wages, we must restore the natural alliance that subsists between it and capital. Capital must be allured; it must feel safe, whether in business, in loans, or in institutions where it is brought together for more convenient use. It must not be swept away in the cry against monopolies and corporations. Every blow aimed at this, falls upon the hand of labor. There is no worse policy for those who labor, than invidious attacks upon capital. State prison. Connecticut last year cleared 4,511 dollars by her state prison, located at Weathersfield, making 9,000 dollars surplus now in the hands of the warden. There are now 169 convicts in the prison, of whom 7 are females, and 40 are blacks. The average number of convicts for the last year has been about 25 less than the average of the last five years, and of course a corresponding dimunition of the labor would take place while the general expenses have been about the same. [New York Sun. NEW YORK. I have said banks have disadvantages. Their Rail road. An application is to be made to the bills may be counterfeited, they may be unwisely Now what must be the effect of taking from cirlegislature of Connecticut, at its present session, to and dishonestly conducted; they may be established culation, or from banks, this amount of specie?incorporate a company for the construction of a rail on false principles, as has been done by some of The revenue of 1839 was $30,000,000: would that road from New Haven to the New York line at these states in defiance of experience; they may sum pass into the treasury, and be transported from Sawpitts, to be continued, by a N. York company, prompt to excessive enterprise, and foster a spirit of place to place, to the seat of war, as Fiorida, Maine, till it meets the Harlaem rail road. speculation, they may be multiplied too rapidly; or the northern frontier, without deranging the they may at times, change the amount of capital in course of trade or embarrassing state banks?use and produce fluctuations in trade, these are ac- And what is the advantage of having the public mo- Address of the whig members of the legislature to knowledged evils, but some of them are not pe-ney hoarded? Is it for safety? The public money the people of the state of New York. The whig culiar to a mixed currency, and all are imputable was kept safe in the two national banks for forty members of the senate and assembly, in compliance in no small degree, to causes extraneous to banks. years. Not a dollar was lost, it was forth-coming with an old republican custom respectfully submit an You must extinguish the independent, active spirit at any place at the simplest request of the secretary account of their legislative proceedings. of our countrymen, the very spirit which brought of the treasury, and while on deposit was made useour fathers to America, which is now fostered by ful to labor and trade. But gentlemen, it is vain to our free institutions, and in turn sustain them in conceal it, private vaults, however guarded by bolts, their vigor; before you can make all men moderate bonds, sureties and severe penal enactinents, will and prudent. This spirit would break over salutay restraints, with any currency, whenever high prices prevailed, or prospects of sudden wealth Opened. Nevertheless we would not suppress it in not keep the public money, nor have it forth-coming There are likewise, many other objections to the The derangement of the currency, the prevalence of pecuniary embarrassments, the depreciation of property, the stagnation of business, the prostration of credit, the alarming tendencies of the measures of the general government, the systematic misrepre sentations by its partizans of the financial condition of this state and the policy of its administration, have combined with unavoidable differance of opinion and |