enlightened day, with all the information will appear next spring, the following autumn set each variety in prepared beds for fruiting the following year.

of the age circulating around him, that a given variety of this fruit, (Hovey's for instance,) under a certain routine of culture, should change its character from pistillate to staminate, and vice versa. Now I have had Hovey's for years, and never yet observed any change in its character; true, in last year's planting, some other plants with a similar leaf have appeared in the new beds, notwithstanding our care in selecting them, but there is a wide difference in the fruit-they show themselves to be intruders from some adjoining border, or else a worthless seedling has sprung up in the old bed, from whence we took plants. I am firm in the belief that of whatever character as to flavoring, etc., a seedling strawberry first shows itself in the runners, therefrom will be continued unalterably the same variety; but the size and flavor is often improved by high culture, and seedlings will not always exhibit their true character as to productiveness, etc., the first year, requiring a longer period to test them fully. And this is also the case with many other seedling fruits, etc., and also some seasons are more favorable to their growth than others.

Articles in the Review on the culture, etc., of the strawberry, are very interesting to me, and those over the signature of N. Longworth claim special notice; hence I would be much pleased to see a chapter on the rearing of this delicious fruit from the seed, and not only this but also the raspberry, etc. [The writer will find just what he asks for on page 440.]

Enclosed is a drawing of seedling strawberry No. 10, of my own raising. It is of

HA

good size, as the sketch shows, and fine brisk flavor; quite dark red, with red flesh; and a profuse bearer; raised from Hovey's

[IOWA.]

(artificially) fertilized by the Iowa. It is rather darker than either of its parents, and throws

out trusses similar to the Iowa. I have bred a

good many varieties, but this

My little experience is in the open border: take the seed from the berry and wash them clean; dry enough to prevent molding in the shade; fold up in coarse wrapping-pa- is the strongest growing and hardiest pistillate I ever had under cultivation. This is its second year's bearing, and I have delayed writing on account of some seedlings which

per; lay them by in a dry, cool place till fall, then sow in a well-prepared border, that will not bake hard by the sun, in drill or broadcast-labeling as you sow. The plants I was waiting to ripen their berries that I

might better understand their character. Nos. 23 and 33 give promise of being worth attention. I have a few of what was sent

me for "McAvoy's Superior," but the size of the berry don't fill the description. "Burr's New Pine" is a charming berry; and the 'Ohio Mammoth," in flavor, is better than Hovey's.

་་

one learn a lesson of order and diligence more prettily and more pleasantly than from a flower-garden.

But another common instance of the good effect of gardening may be mentioned: it naturally inclines one to be open-handed. The bountiful returns which are bestowed. year after year, upon our feeble labors, shame us into liberality. Among all the misers who have lived on earth, probably My opportunity is not good for obtaining few have been gardeners. Some cross-grained choice raspberry seed, hence I was about to churl may set out, perhaps, with a determiask the favor of thee to put me in some flowers of his portion; but gradually his nation to be niggardly with the fruits and channel whereby I might obtain such, as I feelings soften, his views change, and before feel willing to try my hand on that fruit he has housed the fruits of many summers, also, if this is not taxing thee too heavy. he sees that these good things are but the I have a seedling grape or two that free gifts of Providence to himself, and he learns at last that it is a pleasure, as well as ises to be something, if there is anything to a duty, to give. This head of cabbage sha!l be known by the leaf. Respectfully,

CALIN, 6mo., 10th.

prom

L. S. MOTE.

Influence of Gardening.

GARDENING is a civilizing and improving occupation in itself, its influences are all beneficial; it usually makes people more industrious, and more amiable. Persuade a careless, indolent man to take an interest in his garden, and his reformation has begun. Let an idle woman honestly watch over her own flower-beds, and she will naturally become more active. There is always work to be done in a garden, some little job to be added to yesterday's task, without which it is incomplete; books may be closed with a mark where one left off; needle-work may be thrown aside and resumed again; a sketch may be left half finished, a piece of music half practised; even attention to household matters may relax in some measure for a while; but regularity and method are constantly required, are absolutely indispensable, to the well-being of a garden. The occupation itself is so engaging, that one commences readily, and the interest increases so naturally, that no great share of perseverance is needed to continue the employment, and thus labor becomes a pleasure, and the dangerous habit of idleness is checked. Of all faults of character, there is not one, perhaps, depending so entirely upon habit as indolence; and nowhere can

be sent to a poor neighbor; that basket of refreshing fruit is reserved for the sick; he has pretty nosegays for his female friends; he has apples or peaches for little people; nay, perhaps in the course of years he at length achieves the highest act of generosity-he bestows on some friendly rival a portion of his rarest seed, a shoot from his most precio s root! Such deeds are done by gardeners.--Miss Cooper's "Rural Hours."

Glass for Crystal Palace.

THE glass for the New York Crystal Palace is made at Camtown, New Jersey. The managers have contracted for 40,000 feet, one eighth of an inch thick. The glass is to be enamelled by a new process, which saves the necessity of covering the glass with cloth, as was done in the Crystal Palace at London.

The enamel is laid upon the glass in a fluid state with a brush, and after being dried, it is subjected to the intense heat of a kiln, which vitrifies the coating, rendering it fixed and durable as the glass itself. It has an effect similar to that produced by ground glass, being translucent, but not transparent-so that the sun's rays are diffused, and yield an agreeable light to those within the apartment enclosed, without being visible to those on the outside.-The American Gardener's Chronicle.

VINEYARD CALENDAR FOR JULY.

473

The Vineyard.

VINEYARD CALENDAR FOR JULY.

sorrowfully well its results in casting down to the ground a whole crop, which a week before was full of promise. The atmospheric element most to be dreaded, is continued wet and hot weather about the time the berries are swelling with the hardening of the seeds, or what is technically called the stoning process. Hence the vine-dressers

THIS is the month which, with the closing | tions connected with its appearance, and the days of June, is ever pregnant with causes immunity from its attacks of certain vines of apprehension to the watchful vigneron. in particular situations; and, alas ! we know Supposing that every care has been exercised to dress the soil, prune the vines, and tie them securely, and that due vigilance has been practised to prevent the ravages of the insects which depredate upon the tender shoots and delicate young branches of promising buds and flowers; and further, that a benign Providence has favored the growing crops with the blessings of frequent desire to see showery and growing weather showers and genial sunshine; everything in May and June, but dry weather in July. now will present the brightest promise of Like the wheat-grower, who dreads the abundance, and the avarice of the cultivator" rust," which such weather, just before may even be tempted to leave too much harvest, brings upon his crops, so the vignefruit upon his vines-more than they can ron hopes to escape from rains at this time. safely carry, or perfectly mature. Beware of being too avaricious! all may yet be lost. The Rot. With the brilliant prospect of luxuriant and healthy growth of wood, and abundant show of the grape bunches, which often gladdens the heart at the opening of July, we may still look for new difficulties. First, and most to be dreaded, is the malady termed THE ROT; the precise nature of which is still enveloped in the mystery of ignorance, having escaped the closest scrutiny that has been brought to bear upon the investigation. We have, however, collected many observa

Cultivation. It has already been indicated, in previous months, that this process should be pursued during the summer season, rather with a view to keep the surface of the ground clear from weeds and grass, than as a means of stirring the soil deeply. Shallow hoeing from time to time is therefore recommended; which will sufficiently admit the air and warmth to the roots, and also aid materially in the decomposition of manures and other elements of the soil, and better adapt them to the use of the hungry rootlets of the vine. Where horses are used,

especially to avoid leaving too much fruit.

Tying. Should never be neglected. Constantly watch the protruding shoots, and secure them to the stakes. During this month the long canes for next year will require to be trained from one stake to another.

the cultivator may be passed through the to attend to thinning the redundant wood, and rows; or, with a light plow, furrows may be thrown toward the plants All such labor should, however, be avoided in wet weather, especially if the soil be at all stiff and heavy. Sprouting and Pinching-in.-It is hoped that no one has neglected attending to this important element of summer pruning, in its proper season-before the blossoming, In this process the advantage of closer for by such neglect the strength of the vine planting in wider rows, say six feet apart, will have been uselessly expended upon by three in the row, will be apparent. The many a shoot that must be sacrificed, or, at trellis, particularly that made of stout wire, least, which will have been lost by not will also be very convenient in attending to having been properly directed. The early this duty. Its advantages have been shortening of the vines was urged previously. already pointed out. The fruit branches The extreme end of the shoot may be easily will also sometimes require support, as their removed; and a change in the direction of burden increases in weight; though it is no the flow of sap is at once effected, toward disadvantage to the bunches to let them lie the canes destined for the next year, and even upon the ground. The rot is seldom the tearing shots receive abundant supply found in fruit so situated; and it has been for their own leaves to elaborate for the observed that such are often the earliest fruit. All vine-dressers are not, however, ripened bunches. agreed upon this point.

Sufficient caution was perhaps not given, to have the pinching done before the blossoming of the vines. This is by many considered a critical period; and such persons advise that no work be done in the vineyard while it lasts, and especially that the bearing shoots be not shortened-in, as is too often done, close to the bunch. Indeed, we think that two or more leaves should always be left beyond the fruit. There is reason in this caution; if the shoot be vigorous, and have grown a couple of feet, it must have a considerable amount of sap flowing into it, and directed to the leaves above, which is thus suddenly thrown in upon the fruit when the upper portion has been broken off too closely.

Insects-And every other depredator and intru !er, should be carefully watched, and, if possible, prevented from trespa sing among the vines. "No admittance!" be the word.

Ringing-Should now be practiced, by all those who desire to hasten the maturity of a portion of their crop. It is not recommended, however, for general application. This is performed by passing a sharp knife around the last year's wood, so as to cut through the bark in two places half an inch apart; and then by splitting the included portion of the bark, it may be entirely removed with a slight effort, leaving the wood clean. If practised at the time when the cambium is in process of formation, no injury will be done by this operation. A callus of new matter soon closes the gap, and completes the interrupted connection between the roots and the leaves. For the Isabella,

If, however, the summer pruning has been neglected to this time, it is recommended by some, to wait until a couple of weeks after the blossoms have set, and then this is particularly recommended, as a means

GRAPE BORDERS.