OF

British, Spanish, and

Portuguese America

Copyright, 1889,
BY HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY.

All rights reserved.

The Riverside Press, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.
Electrotyped and Printed by H. O. Houghton and Company.

Life
& prout

b-1-36

32337

CONTENTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

[The cut on the title represents the arms of Brazil.]

CHAPTER I.

THE HUDSON BAY COMPANY. George E. Ellis

ILLUSTRATIONS: Tabula Nautica (1612), 2; Hudson's Straits and Bay (1662), 3;

Prince Rupert, 4; Attack on Fort Nelson, 8; Sir George Simpson, 14; Plans of

York and Prince of Wales Forts, 16; Maps of Hudson Bay (1722), 26; (1748),

27; View of Douglas Harbor, 28; Map of Nelson and Hayes Rivers, 29; View

of Prince of Wales Fort, 30; Map of the Fort and Vicinity, 31; Alexander

Mackenzie, 34 ; Thomas Simpson, 35; Fort Garry and Neighborhood, 38; Fort

Garry, 39; Red River Settlement (1816) Map, 40; Plan of Semple's Massacre, 41;

Selkirk, Portrait and Autograph, 42; View of Confluence of the Red and Assini-

boin Rivers, 44; Fort Douglas, Red River, 45; Plan of Winnipeg, 46.

CRITICAL ESSAY

ILLUSTRATION : View of Prince of Wales Fort, 71.

EDITORIAL Note

65

77

CHAPTER II.

.

ARCTIC EXPLORATIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES.

Charles C. Smith

81

ILLUSTRATIONS: James Cook, 82; Sir John Ross, 88; John Franklin, with Auto-

graph, 90; Henry Grinnell, 99; The Discovered Record (1859), 103.

CRITICAL NOTES. The Editor

104

ILLUSTRATIONS: Maps of the Arctic Regions, by Sanson (1666), 105; by Delisle

(1700, 1703), 106, 107 ; by Ravenstein (1873), 109; by Phil. Buache (1752), 110;

by Jefferys (1768), 112; An Arctic Fleet (1600), ul; Towing through the Ice

(1600), 113; Behring's Straits (1772), 113; Arctic Phenomena (1600), 114; Map

in Cluny's American Traveller (1769), 114; Arctic Regions, by Vaugondy (1772),

115; by Phipps (1774), 116; from a German source (1782), 117 ; by J. R. Forster

(1783), 118; Discoveries of Dease and Simpson (1838–39), 119; by Black (1833–

34), 120 ; Condition of Explorations (1844), 121; Franklin's Track, 122 ; O'Reil-

ly's Map (1818), 123; Map from Osborn's Discovery of a Northwest Passage

(1865), 124; Smith's Sound (1856–1861), 125; Hayes's Map (1860), 126; Frank-

lin's Supposed Route, 127 ; Markham's Circumpolar Map (1879), 128; Circum-

polar Map in Mrs. De Long's Voyage of the Jeannette (1883), 130.

CHAPTER III.

131

CANADA FROM 1763 TO 1867. George Bryce .

ILLUSTRATIONS: Map of Canada (1763), 132; French Engineers’ Map of the Isles of

Montreal (1761), 133; General Haldimand, 136; Statue of Brant at Brantford,

137 ; Governor Simcoe, 141; The Brock Monument at Queenston, 144, 145; The

Salaberry Statue, 146; Sir John Beverly Robinson, 150; Bishop Strachan, 153;

Sir Francis Hincks, 155; Louis Joseph Papineau, 156; William L. Mackenzie,

160; Sir Francis B. Head, 159; Macleod, 158; Lord Sydenham, 164 ; Sir John

Harvey, 165; Joseph Howe, 166; Statue of George Brown at Toronto, 168 ;

Statue of Sir George Cartier, 169.

CRITICAL ESSAY. .

170

ILLUSTRATIONS : Jonathan Sewell, 174; Map of Nova Scotia (1823), 176; View of

Halifax (1837), 177 ; Map of Prince Edward Island (1806), 178; Basin of Que-

bec, 182 ; Plan of Quebec (1813), 183; Views of Quebec (1816), 184; (1837),

185.

EDITORIAL NOTE ON NEWFOUNDLAND

. 188

ILLUSTRATION : Map of Newfoundland (1626), 189.

.

SPANISH NORTH AMERICA. Justin Winsor

· 191

ILLUSTRATIONS: Champlain's View of a Silver Mine, 192; Mining View, 193; Pun-

ishment of Indians, 194; Burning Indians, 195; Sir John Hawkins, 196; Aca-

pulco, 197 ; Map of the Valley of Mexico (1748), 199; of Mexico and Vicinity

(1800), 201 ; Humboldt's Map of same, 202; Adriano Boot's Map, 203; Maps of

Vera Cruz and the Castle of S. Juan de Uluá, 204, 205; West India Vessels,

Seventeenth Century, 206; View of Juan Fernandez (1655), 207; Porto Bello Fair,

207; Chart of Acapulco Harbor, 208; View of the Harbor, 209; George Anson,

210; Capture of a Galleon, 211; Map of San Francisco Harbor, 212; Ruins of

San Carlos, 213; Father Junipero Serra, 214; José de Iturrigaray, 215; Francisco

Javier de Lizana, 216; Miguel Hidalgo, 217 ; Plan of the Battle of Las Cruces,

218; Calleja, 218; Ignacio Lopez Rayon, 219; Plan of the Battle of Calderon,

220; José Maria Morelos, 221, 222 ; Francisco Javier Mina, 223; Ferdinand VII.

of Spain, 224; Augustin de Iturbide, 225; Nicolas Bravo, 226; Santa Anna, 227,

228; Samuel Houston, 230; Native Dance, 233; Map of St. Kitts, 234; Chateau of

General de Poincy, 235; Sir Henry Morgan, 236; Haven en Rivier van Chagres,

237; De Stad en Haven van Porto Bello, 238 ; Map of the Isthmus of Darien,

239; Pirogue Espagnole, 240; Maps of the Isthmus of Darien and Bay of Pana-

ma, 241, 242 ; Map of the Attack on Cartagena (1697), 243; View in Guatemala

(1720), 245; Juan de Solorzano Pereira, 247 ; Consag's Gulf of California, 255;

Venegas' Gulf of California, 256; Map of Yucatan (1506–1700), 261; Map of

Tabasco, Chiapa, Verapaz, Guatimala, Honduras, and Yucatan (1754), 262;

Port Royal et ses Environs, 263; Map of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, 264; Lucas

Alaman, 267.

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON THE WEST INDIES AND THE SPANISH MAIN. The

Editor .

270

ILLUSTRATIONS: Jean Pierre Labat, 271; Alexander von Humboldt, 272; Havana

in 1720, 273; Plan of the Siege of Havana (1762), 274; Baye et Ville de la Ha-

vana, 275; Bellin's Map of the West Indies and the Gulf of Mexico, 276; Leon-

ard Parkinson, a Captain of Maroons, 277; View of Kingston, Jamaica, 278;

Champlain's Sketch of a Harbor in San Domingo, 280 ; Fort de la Tortue, 281;

Toussaint L'Overture, 282, 284; Ville de St. Domingue, 283; Autograph of

Toussaint, 285; Dessalines, 287; Map of the Harbor of Porto Rico, 288; De

Poincy Chateau in Guadaloupe, 289; Cartagena and its Forts, 291; Admiral Ver-

non, 292; Map of Attack on Cartagena (1741), 293; Plan of Cartagena, 294.

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