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dations shall comply with all aforementioned requirements, and after 20 years the concrete shall have the necessary strength and the asphalt pavement the thickness of at least 1 inch. Wherever the strength or the thickness is lacking, the contractor shall renew or repair the pavement. The contractor is responsible for all safety appliances, planking, illumination, etc., and the removal of such and the carrying out of rules enforced by the police.

The contractor shall receive no extra compensation for the above-mentioned performance.

(c) Prices

I. For the aforementioned the contractor will receive no compensation for a period extending after the date of completion until four years from the first of April following the date of acceptance of the work. The cost of this maintenance is to be included in the estimate for the new construction of pavement. II. He shall have received during the following sixteen years a compensation payable at the close of the fiscal year:

(a) for surface outside of railroad area according to Nos. 26 and 27.

(b) for surfaces between the rails and 2 feet wide outside the rails according to Nos. 28 and 29.

It is herewith mentioned that surfaces of the railroad ties, stones, etc., will not be counted as asphalted surfaces.

(d) Construction of Underground Conduits and Overhead Structures The contractor is required to furnish all the necessary work and supplies which are required by the relaying, changing or repairing of sewers, pipes, cables and other lines and for work pertaining thereto, as well as the repair of street tramways, in addition to all work of taking up and reconstructing asphalt pavements made necessary thereby.

The areas taken up and relaid by the contractor through the direction of the Administration are subject to the same guarantee which exists in such streets as if no disturbance had taken place.

(e) Price for the Construction of the Work Mentioned in Paragraph 20 The compensation for the work mentioned above will be according to Nos. 30 and 33 of the bid sheet. If the cost of repair shall be greater than the original cost of construction, the original price will be paid. A special compensation for the removing of asphalt pavement, as well as the work connected with the safety appliances and illuminations, will not be granted.

The contractor will renounce any claim specified in Nos. 30 to 33 if it is found that excavations are not carefully filled up.

The compensation for the work designated in a previous paragraph will be paid by the Administration ordering the construction.

(f) Execution and Construction Materials

All work constructed according to the paragraph shall be of the same quality as specified for new construction. The material used shall be of best quality and comply with the specification for material used in new construction. The old material from the existing asphalt pavement and concrete foundation shall become the property of the contractor and may be used after the necessary preparation for new work.

(g) Losses for Which the Contractor Is Not Liable

The contractor is not liable for any damage done to the asphalt pavement and concrete foundation arising through an act of God, war, etc., and through exceptional sinking or rising of the ground, for instance, caused by the bursting of water pipes. All other damages, especially the sinking of the subgrade, sinking

through watering of trees, or damage caused by unloading of wagons, are included' in the maintenance estimate.

(h) Notice of Discontinuance of Maintenance

The Administration reserves the right to withdraw the maintenance, all or in part, of any contract after giving four weeks' notice to the contractor, who has no claim for any compensation for the unexpired term of the contract. The contractor has no right to abandon the maintenance.

§ 21. Liability of the Contractor.-The contractor is liable for all loss and damage done by his employes to adjoining property, pavements, parks, promenades, and all conduits. He is also liable for all damage done to persons and property during the construction and the time of maintenance arising through careless work and lack of safety appliances. In general, all directions specified under paragraph No. 14 of this specification shall be enforced except No. 4, in which place the following will be substituted:

4 (a) The contractor acknowledges that he is liable for all acts of his em ployes and that he is the independent workmaster of construction.

(b) The contractor is obliged to insure the Administration against any loss arising through violation of paragraph 831 B. G. B. or through the transferring of the maintenance contract to a third party. The contractor gives to the Administration the right of reclamation.

(c) Should a claim for damages arise and be approved by the Administration, the Administration will be empowered to have an estimate of the damage drawn by an expert and to pay the damages at the expense of the contractor. The Administration shall hear from contractor before appointing the expert.

The settlement of the claims shall be the payment, or in case of inability to pay, the guarantee of payment of the damage. Payment and guarantee of payment are subject to reclamation by order of the court.

Should the claimant make the Administration liable for the loss, the Administration will be entitled to recall the amount of the loss from the payment of the contractor and to retain this amount if the liability is transferred by the court to the contractor. The contractor has the right to furnish security by a third party to guarantee settlement of claims. Paragraph No. 6 of the specifica tions specifies the security.

§ 22. Payments.-The payment for the construction of new asphalt pavement, etc., will take place after acceptance of the statement and the drawings belonging to the same. Part payments of not less than 3000 marks or not more than 9/10 of the completed value may be granted. The payment for maintenance of the pavement is mentioned in paragraph 20 and the payment of daily wages in paragraph No. 18-2.

All statements are to be made out in triplicate. The statement for new pavement or repairing of pavement are to be accompanied by a colored sketch and a total statement which should contain the measurements of the accepted pavement. Particular care should be exercised in the execution of the sketches (see paragraph No. 2 of this specification and paragraph 17, division 3 of the general specifications).

§ 23. Security Deposit.-The contractor has to furnish a security deposit according to paragraph No. 6 of the specifications to insure proper execution of the work involved. The amount of security depends on the area of the pavement. to 10,000 sq. meters, security 20,000 sq. meters, security 35,000 sq. meters, security 55,000 sq. meters, security 80,000 sq. meters, security

From 10,000 to
From 20,000 to
From 35,000 to

10,000 M.
18,000 M.

29,000 M.

41,000 M.

From 55,000 to

54,000 M.

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and for each additional 50,000 square meters of asphalt pavement, 25,000 marks security additional, wherein each 50,000 square meters commenced shall be regarded as complete.

The Administration reserves the right to deduct all arising costs and dam. ages, caused through the fault of the contractor, from this security.

The contractor is required to keep the security at the specified amount and, if necessary, has to increase it within 14 days to the specified amount.

The return of the security will take place if desired by the contractor within three months, at the latest, after completion of the contract and should be paid at the city treasury.

§ 24. The Division of the Work.-The Administration reserves the right to divide the construction and to let it to more than one bidder.

CITY OF HAMBURG

SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PAVEMENTS

Materials for pavements, as specified on proposal of the engineering staff of the Department of Works.

In general, all heavy-traffic streets are to be paved with first-class course-stone and filler or compressed asphalt; streets of less importance with ordinary coursestone pavement and filler. In temporary construction of streets, especially in the case of streets with an insufficiently packed road-bed, paving with polygonal split stones is permissible but should be proposed in urgent cases only. In the selection of noiseless pavements for streets with a grade of not more than 1:60, compressed asphalt should be used; with a grade of not more than 1:50, hard wood pavement; with a grade of not more than 1:40, soft wood or slag should be used.

In all streets paved on a bed of concrete, all water and gas pipes and electric conduits for the supply of the adjoining houses are to be laid under the sidewalks. In streets concreted only under the railway area, the conduits may be laid in the road-bed. The estimate of cost shall include change and new installation of the conduits due to the construction of the street or when ordered by the authorities, but not the relaying or new installation of conduits due to repaving; also the connection of street lights, hydrants and catch-basins at the changed or renewed level of the street. For all permanent pavements and streets which are proposed for permanent paving, curbstones 14 inches wide are to be selected. In temporary construction and under certain circumstances, curbstones 6 inches wide may be used.

Sidewalks of much used streets must be laid with sandstone or first grade artificial stone; in less used streets cement flagstones made at the yard should be used.

Street trees should be planted from 33 to 39% feet apart and at least 3 feet from the curbstone. In certain cases they may be planted from 16 to 20 feet apart, but the middle tree must be removed after sufficient development of the branches of the tree.

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The plan shall contain the exact position of curbs, catch-basins, manholes, trees, etc.; also all gateways and entrances to houses on streets to be paved. It shall also show the height of intersection for all lines of curbstones, gutters and crown of the road-bed.

All conduits, sewers, water, gas, electric cables and wells are to be indicated in the plan or in a special plan.

If there is no change in height connected with the repaving of the street, the height of the curbstone is dependent, with the exception of correction for

small irregularities, on the existing entrances and gateways of the houses, that is, the height of the curbstone is to be such that the slope of the sidewalk is from 3% to 4% if possible, but in no case less than 2% or more than 5%.

The height of the curbstone over the gutter in streets with longitudinal grades greater than those given below as minimum grades of gutters, shall be 44 inches; in streets with a smaller longitudinal grade it may be from 24 to 64 inches, but in no case more than 8 inches. At crossings the curbstone, should be

kept as low as possible.

The cross-grade of the roadway shall be:

With asphalt or wood pavement, between 1.5% and 3.5%
With course-stone or slag blocks, between 1.5% and 4.0%
With rough stone or small pavement, between 2.5% and 5.0%

In streets with a longitudinal grade, the resultant of the longitudinal and cross grade should be kept within the above limits.

The minimum grade of the gutters shall be:

With sheet asphalt....

With all other pavements.

0.4%
0.6%

The distance between the sewer basins in horizontal streets or streets with a small grade is determined according to the above, which distance, however, shall be not more than 165 feet.

Street crossings shall be on the same plane with the sidewalk. At the connection the curbstone shall be broken on the edge to a height of 1.2 inches and a width of 3.2 inches. The gutter is to be laid 2 inches under the height of the curb.

In double-track street railroads at bridgestone crossings, the rail nearest to the curbstone must be laid at least 6 of an inch lower than the other rail of the same track.

2. Conduits

A reasonable time before the beginning of work on the construction, the authorities must be notified of the proposed work; also of any change in the level or grade of the street.

The digging necessary for the changing or new installation of conduits shall be done immediately before the paving. It is the duty of the department in charge of conduits to carefully refill the trenches, properly tamp the soil, and if possible to flush it with water; also to replace dug-out soil, if necessary, with new soil. If, despite these precautions, it becomes necessary to repair the pavements over these trenches, the authorities are liable for the expenditure involved, except the work on the conduits, which was included in the contract. The authorities must be notified of the proposed repairs in advance.

3. Material for Pavements

At the time the request for a pavement is granted, an order for the necessary amount of the different kinds of stones must be sent to the management of the stone yard.

Before the time of starting on the contract is written down, it must be agreed with the management of the stone yard as to the amount of paving material, and this material must be reserved for the contract by the management. At the same time it must be agreed upon as to the disposal of the old paving material and the profit derived therefrom.

In concrete work, the supply of sand and broken stone shall be agreed upon except in cases where the making and delivery of concrete is undertaken by a contractor.

4. Closing of Streets, etc.

In streets where traffic allows it, the roadway has to be laid in its full width, especially the construction of rammed pavement in half widths is to be avoided.

In construction where traffic is not closed but made difficult, the police station is to be notified before starting the work. Closings extending over only a few hours can be ordered by the construction department after due notifications in writing or by telegraph to the police and fire departments.

Application for closing a street for a longer period has to be made by the engineer to the police department at least three (3) days in advance, and notice has to be taken that this closing applies only to through traffic.

All necessary change of street-car tracks, cab-stands, etc., is to be ordered by the police department or other proper officials.

As soon as the street is actually closed, the nearest police station has to be notified.

The police patrol is to be notified verbally and the police department in writing on a special form of the opening of the street to traffic.

5. Inspection

The inspection of both new construction and repavings of a larger order has to be done by an experienced inspector or a suitable foreman, whose duty it is to stay at the place of construction as long as any work is done.

It is the duty of the inspector to see that the construction of the pavement is carried out in all its details. Also that the traffic be obstructed as little as possible and that the work is done according to the specifications in every respect.

6. Filing System

For each new work a file must be kept in which all notices, correspondence and bills are to be placed.

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The inspector or foreman appointed to inspect and supervise the construction has to make all necessary measurements in accordance to the plans given to him. It is his duty to inspect all work done by the contractor; to instruct the working men detailed to work by the department and to supervise their work; to keep a record of their efficiency; to keep a record of the time sheets of the working men; to order the required paving material; to notify the engineer of all extra work in due time, such as changing of sewer basins, hydrants, sewers, manholes, etc., and the changing of street lights, bill posts, trees, etc.; to insure the least possible inconvenience to the public. He is to place such safe-guards along the line of work and sufficient light at night so as to prevent any accidents. He is responsible for all tools furnished by the state. He has to make up all payrolls for his subordinates and keep a record of the loads and the workings of the drivers. He has to keep the records of both the material he receives and that which he forwards to the foreman in charge of the work. He is authorized to sign sick certificates, but must notify the division inspector of all such cases, also of the return of the men after sickness. He is to be held responsible and must keep a record of all tools furnished by the Department of Works.

2. Provisions in Behalf of Workmen

If conditions permit, a small house should be erected so as to offer shelter for the laborers in case of heavy rainfall or rough weather. This should be heated in winter if possible.

At all the large constructions where no toilet is in the immediate neighborhood a special comfort station is to be put up.

A medicine case has to be kept at all construction places, and it is the duty of the inspector to take care of it and keep it supplied.

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