that a German science of language cannot be said yet to have an existence. And, accustomed as the world is to look to Germany for guidance in all matters pertaining to this subject, until they shall come to something like agreement it will hardly be possible to claim that there exists a world's science of language. In the present condition, however, of linguistic study on the one side and of anthropology on the other, it cannot be that the period of chaos will endure much longer; if men will begin with learning to understand those facts in the life and growth of language which lie nearest to them, they will surely be guided to consistent and sensible views as to the past history, the origin, and the nature of this most ancient and valuable of man's social institutions.
a or an, article, 129.
abbreviation of words, 38, 50-55.
ablaut, or variation of radical vowel,
126, 128.
Abyssinian group, 247.
Accadian language, 235.
accent, makes unity of word, 121.
accidental correspondences of words,
170.
accusative subject of infinitive, 93.
Achæmenidan language, 185.
acquisition of language by the indi-
vidual, 7-31.
additions to language, 108-133.
adjective originally identical with
noun, 205; comparison, 217, 218;
its inflection lost in English, 103,
104, 218; English noun convertible
into, 132, 133.
adverb, Indo-European, 208.
Afghan language, 186.
African languages, 254-258.
agglutinative structure, 232.
-a, (French) future ending, 92.
Albanian language, 187.
Algonkin language, 259, 260, 263.
alter (French), 168.
alphabetic sounds, how produced,
58-67; historical development of
alphabet, 68-70.
alterative tendency in language, 33,
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Aramaic language, 246, 247.
archæology, its relation to linguistics,
273, 312.
Armenian language, 186; its ex-
change of surd and sonant, 73.
Armorican language, 183.
articles, their origin, 95.
articulate utterance, 68.
Aryan languages, 180, 193, 194.
as and also, 129.
aspirate mutes, 64.
aspiration, h, 66, 67.
assimilation of sounds, 69-72.
Assyrian language, 246, 247.
Athabaskan group, 263.
attenuation of meaning of words,
90-95.
Australian languages, 244.
auxiliary and relational words, their
production, 90-96.
Avestan language, 185.
analogy, its force in linguistic growth, Bashkir language, 231.
Basque language, 258, 275.
Canaanitic languages, 246.
Canarese language, 244.
candidate, 77, 78.
capacities involved in production and
use of language, 145, 278, 279, 303,
305.
Carthaginian language, 246.
cases, 216, 217; Indo-European,
205-207; English and French, 104.
Caucasian languages, 245.
Celtic languages, 183.
Chaldee language, 246, 247.
change in language, its universality,
33-36; illustrated from Anglo-
Saxon, 36-43; classification of
changes, 44; change in outer form
of words, 45-75; in inner content,
76-97; losses and additions, 98-
152; its effect in producing dialects,
child's acquisition of language, 8-31.
Chinese language, 111, 224, 225, 237-
240, 301.
class varieties of language, 155.
classification of languages, 174, 229;
its bearing on etymological pro-
cesses, 313.
Cochin-Chinese language, 239.
comedy, comic, 142.
communication, its influence in lan-
guage, 149-151, 157-159, 164-166;
impulse to it the immediate mo-
tive to language-making, 149, 283-
287.
community, its part in language-
making, 149, 151.
comparative method in linguistic
science, 315.
comparative philology, 315, 316.
composition of words, its value as
element in growth of language,
121-130, 197-199.
conjunctions, Indo-European, 209.
consciousness, its different degrees
conventionality of words, 19, 283,
288; conventional phraseology,
Coptic language, 254.
Cornish language, 183.
correspondences, verbal, as signs of
relationship, 169, 170.
cost, 55.
count, 55.
crescent, 82-84.
Croatian language, 182.
culture, its effect in language-his-
tory, 158, 176.
Cymric languages, 183.
German linguistic scholars, 317-319.
Germanic languages, 181.
gesture as means of expression, 292.
go, 101.
good, 12, 111.
Greek language, 184, 185.
green, 14-17, 83, 86, 138.
Grimm's Law of rotation of mutes,
57, 58, 73.
growth of language, 34; its modes
and
processes, 45-152.
Hamitic family, 254-256.
harmonic sequence of vowels in Sey-
thian, 71, 234.
have, 91-93.
head, 86, 87.
Hebrew language, 246, 247.
families of language, 174, 228, 229, High-German languages, 181.
formal expression, objects and means
of, 106, 218-227; its derivation
from more material elements, 89-
96; learned later than material
expression by children, 13, 14.
formative elements, how obtained,
122-130, 197; their uses, 129-131.
frater and its derivatives, 167, 171.
French language, 9, 183.
fricative sounds, 61, 64, 65.
Frisian language, 181.
Gadhelic languages, 183.
Gaelic language, 183.
Galla language, 256.
galvanism, 142.
gas, 17, 120.
gazette, 77.
Geëz language, 247.
gender in language, 215, 216; in In-
do-European, 39, 206, 207; loss in
English, 104.
Himalayan languages, 240.
Himyaritic language, 247.
Hindi language, 187.
Hindustânî language, 187.
Hottentot language, 257.
human race, its antiquity, 192; its
unity or variety not demonstrable
by language, 268–270.
Hungarian language, 230.
Huzvaresh language, 185.
Icelandic language, 181.
ideas antecedent to their names, 137-
140.
imitative principle in language-mak-
ing, 120, 282, 294–298.
imply, 88.
important, 88.
Indian, 78.
Indian (Asiatic) languages, 186, 187.
individual action on language, 144-
151, 153, 163; individual varieties
of language, 154-156.
Indo-European family, its establish-
ment, 167-174; its branches, 180-
188; importance, 188-191; time
and place of unity unknown, 192-
194; history of its structural de-
velopment, 194–212.
influence, 99, 102.
inner form of language, 22.
inorganic means of formal distinc-
tion, 127.
inosculation, 137.
instincts in man, 289, 290.
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