buildings are the Hôtel de Ville, which has a bust of Henry IV.; the palais de justice, the college, with a good portico to the chapel, library of 35,000 volumes, and cabinet of natural history; hospital, theatre, fountains, made by Cordier de Béziers, and a triumphal arch begun by Napoléon, but finished by Louis XVIII.

Bouchardon, the sculptor, and Lamoise, the Jesuit, are natives.

Manufactures of druggets, gloves of good quality, iron, cutlery, &c.

The falls of the Marne are 1 kil. distant.

From Chaumont, up the Marne, the next stations

are

Foulain (73 miles),

Rolampont (8 miles).

Langres (18 kil.), an ancient town, sous-préfecture, bishopric, &c., and seat of the cutlery trade, on a hill-side by the Marne, which here runs through a cultivated plain, 1,457 feet above the sea. Here the Marne, the Aube, the Meuse, &c., take their rise. It is the Roman Langonum, and there is yet an ancient triumphal arch in the west wall, built about 240, by the Emperor Gordian. The old Romanesque Cathedral of the 11th century, has a modern front, and a fine view from the top. A library of 30,000 volumes is to be seen at the Hôtel de Ville, and a museum in St. Didier's old church. It has two theatres, a college, priests' seminary, &c. A walk through the Belie Fontaine promenade leads to the Fontaine de la Grenouille, among large trees. Diderot was a native, a cutler's son. The cutlery made here is of a superior kind. Hotels.-De l'Europe; De Paris; De la Poste. Population, 10,130.

The next station to Langres is

Chalindrey (6 miles), where a branch line turns off to Gray and Auxonne.

[The stations are as follow-
Maatz (8 miles).

Champlitte (7 miles), an old fortified town.
Population, 3,200. The château is now the
Mairie. Good wines are produced.
Oyrières (64 miles). Then

Gray (6 miles), where the line is continued to Auxonne, as in Route 21. Gray, up the Saône, where it becomes navigable, is a sous-préfecture of 6,200 persons (department HauteSaône), on a hill-side, and was the favourite

seat of Philippe-le-Long's wife, Jeanne, where as many as ten religious houses were founded. It was fortified, 1420, and suffered cruelly in the civil wars. The streets are crooked and old-fashioned. Parts of the castle are left; and it has also a good bridge and quay, to which steamers from Dijon come; a Hôtel de Ville, built 1568, a library of 6,000 volumes, salle de spectacle, and a very superior mill, with 14 wheels, for grinding corn, oil, tan, &c. Hotel.-Du Sauvage.

At 18 kil. north-west of it, is Fontaine-Française, marked by a pillar, where Henry IV., with a small force, fought the Duc de Mayenne, with 18,000, in 1595. The stations towards Auxonne, down the Saône, are

Montoche (3 miles); Talmay (6 miles); Pontailler (3 miles); Lamarche (21 miles).

Hence to Auxonne (7) miles), on the Lyons line.] From Chalindrey on the main line, the next station is

Hortes (53 mile). Then

Charmoy (4 miles). Coach to Fayl-Billot, which has a good cutlery trade.

La Ferté-sur-Amance (2 miles). This is the station for Bourbonne-les-Bains (10 miles).

[BOURBONNE-LES-BAINS,

In department Haute-Marne, in a pleasant spot, where the Apance and Borne meet, is noted for its warm baths, called La Fontaine and Grand Bassin, at a temperature of 126° to 132°. They are useful in cases of rheumatism, paralysis, scrofula, &c., and much frequented between June and October. Here are a military hospital, with 500 beds, and an establishment for civilians, containing 50 baths, besides assembly rooms, &c. Both the baths and living are moderate. Among the walks that of Montmorency is the best. Population, 4,100.

HOTELS.-Du Commerce; Des Vosges.] Vitrey (5 miles). Coach to Fresnes, &c. Mussey (7 miles), on the Saône, in department Haute-Saône. Coaches to Corre, Passavant, Darney, Combeaufontaine (population, 800), Vaitte. Monthureux-les-Baulay (4 miles).

Port d'Atelier (4 miles).

Port-sur-Saône (5 miles), on the Saône, has a trade in iron, cattle, &c., and remains of a castle, on an island near the bridge. Population, 2,100. Coaches to Combeaufontaine (13 kil.) and Sceysur-Saône, where there was once the fine seat of the Beaufremont family.

Vaivre (4 miles).

At 2 miles further is

VESOUL,

236 miles from Paris, 68 from Mulhouse. HOTELS.-De la Madeleine; De la Cigogne (Stork); De l'Aigle Noir (Black Eagle.) Population, 7,600

This small capital of department Haute Saône (once part of Franche Comté) in the valley of the Durgeon, belonged to the Besançon archbishops, the Duke of Burgundy, &c., and, after suffering in the wars of the 16th and 17th centuries, was joined to France by the peace of Nimwegen, 1678. The old walls are gone, as well as its impregnable castle, which stood on La Motte, a peak of 1,320 feet high to the top, covered with vineyards, and commanding a noble prospect.

Most of the buildings are modern-the oldest being the church, built about 1750, with a square tower, and an ancient tomb. The préfecture was built 1822; in the library are 23,000 volumes, with a museum; there are also public baths, a salle de spectacle, cavalry barracks (built 1777), a priests' school, pepinière or nursery, &c. Trade in wine, grain, &c.

Here the Nancy and Epinal rail comes in, by means of which the baths of Plombières may be reached, within 7 miles of Aillevillers, the nearest station (Route 59), about 40 miles from Vesoul.

Colombier (5 miles), near two old castles.
Creveney-Saulx (3 miles).
Genevreuille (54 miles).

Lure (5 miles), a sous-préfecture, in department Haute-Saône (population, 3,250), on the wide marshy plain of the Oignon. It was once a strong place, and had an abbey, of the 7th century, parts of which, in the Grand Rue, or High street (where many large houses are seen), are used for the

mairie, theatre, &c. The college is a large building, as is the Hôtel de Ville, built 1836. Frequent markets and fairs are held. Coaches to Luxeuil (Route 59), Villersexel.

[VILLERSEXEL (19 kil.), on the Oignon, has the fine château of Lafayette's nephew, the Marquis de Grammont-a family whose castle stood formerly on the Montagne de Grammont (within view), with a Roman camp on it, and who founded a hospital here, 1769, as well as the ancient abbey of Vieux-Croissant.] Ronchamp (6 miles), on the Rohan.

Champagney (3 miles), on the Rohan, a mining village of 3,100 souls. Coach to Plancherles-Mines.

[HÉRICOURT (16 kil. south), on the little river Luzonne, a bustling village of 3,000 persons, chiefly Protestants, who use the nave of the church, while the Catholics take the choir. It has several old houses, and the castle of the dukes of Wurtemburg, who obtained it, 1561, along with Montbeliard.]

Bas Evette (5 miles), is 44 miles from

BELFORT,

Or Béfort, close to the new German frontier, 274 miles from Paris, 30 from Mulhouse. Here the rail from Dijon and Besançon falls in (Route 21), as well as the old road, and five other high roads, making it a good place for trade.

HOTELS. De l'Ancienne Poste; Messageries Tonneau d'Or.

Belfort is a sous-préfecture of 8,100 souls, in department Haut-Rhin, and a first-class fortress, in a healthy part of the Savoureuse, between the Vosges and Jura mountains. It has three gates and faubourgs, and is divided into Haute and Basse Ville. The church was built, 1728; there are a good Hôtel de Ville, a college, and a library of 20,000 volumes; also a military hospital and barracks.

On the rocks above is the castle (or bel fort), built 1228, and held by the Austrians, till given up to France by the treaty of Munster, when it was fortified by Vauban, being the first on his system. Another rock to the north is crowned by a ruined tower, called Pierre Miotte. The Fort, commanding

the entrance into Switzerland, was besieged by the Germans at the conclusion of the war of 1870-1; and here Manteuffel, by a rapid advance, defeated Bourbaki in his attempt to raise the siege, and drove him and his levies over the Swiss border. It is retained by the French under treaty, and is to be greatly strengthened.

Trade in wine, eaux-de-vie, excellent kirschwasser, cheese, iron, brass, copper, &c.

The line is continued over the frontier to
Chèvremont (3 miles).

Montreuil-Vieuil (4 miles), near the viaduct across the Rhine and Rhône canal. Coach to Delle. Dannemarie (5 miles).

Altkirch (6 miles), a dull place, of 3,400 souls, on a hill-side by the Ill, with ruins of a château built by the Counts of Ferrette, and made the seat of the Dukes of Austria, when Alsace belonged to them.

Trade in pottery, hemp, ribbons, wine, cattle, &c. Hotels.-De la Tête d'Or (Golden Head). Coaches to Ferrette and Basle (33 kil. east), which is reached after passing a frontier douane at St. Louis. [FERRETTE (20 kil. south-south-east), or La Ferrette, has the picturesque remains of its old castle, on a rock above it, near a branch of the Ill, not far from the Swiss border. It figures in Scott's "Anne of Geierstein;" and it has a well, they say, nearly 640 feet deep.-Lucelle 9 kil. south-west of this, had a Cistercian abbey burnt 1524; to which was attached the castle of Lowenbourg, a ruin on a hill. That of Blomont, burnt by the Baslese, 1419, is on another hill.]

Cross the canal again to

Illfurth (43 miles), from which it is 5 miles to Mulhouse, for which see BRADSHAW's HandBook to Belgium and the Rhine.

ROUTE 63.

Bordeaux to La Teste, Arcachon, Mont de

Marsan, Dax, Bayonne, into Spain.

By rail to Bayonne, 198 kil., or 1234 miles, in five to seven hours.

The Embarcadère at Paris is Quai d'Austerlitz (Orléans line); at Bordeaux, Cours St. Jean.

From this, the line passes within view of Haut Brion, which annually produces about 120 tons of one of the four first-growth clarets. It must not be bottled under six or seven years. Cross the Teste road, by a viaduct of 2,950 feet, on 91 arches, to Pessac (3 miles), near the Pope Clement vineyards; so called after Clement V., whose property they were when he was archbishop of Bordeaux. By a bull, in 1309, he gave them to his successors in the primacy, with whom they remained till the Revolution.

Gazinet (3) miles), near traces of a Roman way, called the Levade. Here you are in the country (but not yet in the department) of Les Landes, a wild and desolate tract of Gascony, almost like an African desert-all sand, heath, and marshstretching about 50 leagues, and covering a million of acres between the Garonne and Adour. It is divided into Grandes and Petit Landes, includ

ing the landes of Médoc. The surface is so perfectly horizontal, that the streams, such as they are, flow either way, or settle into shallow pestilential lakes. It is intensely hot in summer. Nothing but pines grow; but wild fowl, game, wolves, foxes, wild boars, &c., are found in some parts. The shepherds, dressed in sheepskins, go about on tall stilts, or chanques; with which, assisted by a pole, they will sometimes travel three leagues an hour, never allowing any thing to turn them from the straight course. Each man, besides carrying a gun at his back for defence against the wolf, is also armed with a poële, or frying-pan, to serve for cooking. An attempt is to be m de to plant, drain, and improve this tract, under a law of 1837.

Pass Toquetoucan, a patois name for Touche tout doucement, or, Touch softly, because the marsh is dangerously soft, to

Pierraton (4 miles).

Mios (3 miles), or Chemin de Mios, near which is Croix de Heins, which marked a boundary (finis) in old time.

Marcheprime (23 miles).
Canauley (3 miles).

Facture (2 miles), near the Leyre, which runs to the Basin of Arcachon, and which the Romans called Sigman.

Lamothe (1 mile), a buffet, 24 miles from ordeaux. Here the branch to Arcachon turns off. [The next stations for Arcachon, are

Le Teich (2 miles). Mestras (2 miles).

Gujan-Mestras (mile), near an inlet of the name, and

La Hume (1 mile). Then

La Teste de Buch (1 mile), on the Bassin d'Arcachon, a dull flat spot. Population, 3,890. This is the Roman Testa Boirum, where a capitalis of Aquitaine had a castle. Sand hills, 150 to 200 feet high, line the coast. There is a vase with an inscription in honour of M. Bremontier, who first successfully stopped their progress in the last century, in consequence of which a little rice, tobacco, &c., have been grown at Cazan, in the neighbourhood. In 1834 a company was formed to unite Bassin d'Arcachon with the other lakes by a navigable canal. This has been done in part.

Arcachon (1 mile), 36 miles from Bordeaux.
Hotels.-Grand Hotel, first-rate establishment;

Le Gallais, situated on the beach. Boarding
House, Villas, &c.

Population, 850. English Service, Rev. S. Radcliffe.

A bathing-place, on the Bassin d'Arcachon, which is bordered by its houses, with a pine forest behind them. It contains two chapels. Visits may be paid by boat to the Isle des Oiseaux (or De la Teste), and to Cap Ferret, the ancient Curianum Promontory, where there is a lighthouse, 167 feet high. An extensive oyster culture is carried on here.]

The Landes become more desolate afterwards. Caudos (73 miles).

Salles (7 miles), between the Leyre and the Étang or lake of Cazan, is near the Roman Salomacum, in a spot which shows some signs of cultivation, and is therefore styled the "paradise" of the Landes.

Ichoux (8 miles), in department Les Landes, stands 190 feet above sea level, on a brook which turns a few mills. Population, 800. Pass near the Lake of Parentis, then over the Moulasse, where the country begins to improve a little, to Labouheyre (8 miles), a decayed town. About 20 kil. south-west is Mimizan, which was a port

in the Gulf of Gascony, till overwhelme! by the sands in the 16th century. Its abbey church, now in ruins, stands in a circle of brick pyramids, supposed to be tombs. A Roman road went this way to Bordeaux.

Sabres (5 miles), is the highest station on the line (280 feet), and some miles distant from that village, which has a population of 2,480.

Morcenx (7 miles), or Morcens, is a Buffet at the junction with the Mont de Marsan line, which supplies St. Severs, Tarbes, Bagnères-de-Bigorre, &c. (Route 64). The Pyrenées may be seen on a clear day.

Riom (84 miles). Coach to Tartas. [TARTAS (14 kil. east), on a hill-side over the Medouze, is an old place, once fortified, and, in 1441, was saved from the English, who were besieging it, by Charles VII. The château was demolished by Louis XIII., because of its attachment to the reformed faith. It has a good trade in vinegar, saffron, wine, fruit, Bayonne horses, and resin (from the pine forests around). Population, 3,300.

A little to the west, on the old road to Bayonne, is CASTETS, on the Paluc, with a church, supposed to have been built by the English, and an intermitting iron spring.] Laluque (7 miles), has a large church and a chapel of St. Vincent de Paul.

Buglose (4 miles), has a pilgrims' chapel de licated to an image of the Virgin, and is near Puoy de Monsonet, where the excellent Vincent de Paul was born, 1576, the son of a poor shepherd. Close to an old ruined chapel is an oak named after him; and from a hill, the highest in the department, you may see Bordeaux. Further off, are the mineral springs of Prechacq and Gamardes.

St. Paul-les-Dax (12 kil.), a place of forges and furnaces, with a Gothic church, built 1441, with marble carvings, inside and out, of Scripture subjects.

DAX (93 miles from Bordeaux); otherwise D'Ax, or Acqs.

HOTELS.-Figaro; De l'Europe; De St. Étienne; De la Croix d'Or (Golden Cross).

Omnibuses to the town, whence the rail goes to Orthes, Pau, Eaux-Bonnes, Cauterets, Bareges, &c. (Route 65). Population, 9,860.