EDUCATION. Brown University is situated at Providence; at the same place there is a seminary styled the Friends' Boarding School; and there are 8 or 10 acad. emies in the state. Increasing attention has of late been paid to education, and the state now pays annually, for the support of free schools, the sum of $10,000, which is divided among the several towns according to population. VI. CONNECTICUT. THE territory of Connecticut originally comprised two colonies, the Colony of Connecticut, and the Colony of New Haven. The settlement of Hartford, in the colony of Connecticut, was commenced by emigrants from Massachusetts, in 1635; and that of New Haven, in 1638, by emigrants from England. In 1662, a Charter was granted by Charles II., with ample privileges, uniting the colonies of Connecticut and New Haven under one government; but the colony of New Haven refused, for some time, to accept the Charter, and the union did not take place till 1665. The Charter was suspended, in 1687, by Sir Edmund Andros; but it was restored again after the Revolution of 1688 in England; and it formed the basis of the government till 1818. The Charter granted in 1662 by Charles II., formed the basis of the government of Connecticut till 1818, when the present Constitution was framed. The legislative power is vested in a Senate and House of Representatives, which together are styled the General Assembly.` The members of the House of Representatives are chosen by the different towns in the state: the more ancient towns, the majority of the whole number, send each two representatives; the rest only one each. The present number is 208. The Senate must consist of not less than 18, nor more than 24 members, who are chosen by districts. The present number is 21. The executive power is vested in a Governor. A Licutenant Governor is also chosen, who is President of the Senate, and on whom the duties of the governor devolve in case of his death, resignation, or absence. The representatives, senators, governor, and lieutenant governor are all elected annually by the people on the first Monday in April. The General Assembly has one stated session every year, on the first Wednesday in May, alternately at Hartford (1831) and at New Haven (1832.) "Every white male citizen of the United States, who shall have gained a settlement in this state, attained the age of 21 years, and resided in the town in which he may offer himself to be admitted to the privilege of an elector, at least six months preceding, and have a freehold estate of the yearly value of seven dollars, in this state; or having been enrolled in the militia, shall have performed military duty therein for the term of one year next preceding the time he shall offer himself for admission, or being liable thereto, shall have been, by authority of law, excused therefrom; or shall have paid a state tax within the year next preceding the time he shall present himself for such admission, and shall sustain a good moral character, shall, on his taking such an oath as may be prescribed by law, be an elector." The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court of Errors, a Superior Court, and such inferior courts as the General Assembly may, from time to time, establish. The judges are appointed by the General Assembly; and those of the Supreme and Superior Courts hold their offices during good behavior; but not beyond the age of 70 years. No person is compelled to join, or support, or to be classed with, or associated to any congregation, church, or religious association. But every person may be compelled to pay his proportion of the expenses of the society to which he may belong: he may, however, separate himself from the society by leaving a written notice of his wish with the clerk of such society. Government for the Year ending on the first Tuesday in May, 1831. Seth P. Beers, Commissioner of the School Fund, 1,250 The pay of the senators is $2 a day each, during the session of the legislature, and of the representatives $1,50 a day; and both receive 9 cents a mile for travel. The Speaker of the House of Representatives receives $2,50 a day. The Supreme Court of Errors is composed of the five judges, and is held in each of the eight counties. The Superior Court is a court held in each of the counties by one of the judges of the Supreme Court. There is also a County Court in each county, composed of a chief judge and two associate judges, who are appointed annually by the legislature. The chief judges of these courts receive $3,50 a day, and the associate judges $3 a day, during the session of the court, and 9 cents a mile for travel. BANKS. $, Capital. $, Capital Hartford Bank, Hartford, 1,300,000 Norwich Bank, Phoenix Bank, do. New Haven Bk, N. Haven, Mechanics' Bank, do. 1,213,000 Thames Bank, Norwich, 200,000 do. 200,000 335,000 Stonington Bank, Stonington, 53,000 Windham Co. Bk, Brooklyn, 89,000 New London Bk, N. London, 143,000 Fairfield Co. Bk, Norwalk, Union Bank, do. 100,000 Tolland Co. Bk, Tolland, Middletown Bk, Middlet'n, 400,000| ** *The Bank of the United States has an office of Discount and Deposit at Hartford. STATISTICS OF THE SEVERAL COUNTIES, taken from the Books of the Comptroller of the State, as published in the Hartford Times, and copied into Niles' Register, August, 28, 1830. Hartford. N. Ha- N. Lon- Fair- Wind- Litch- Middle- Tolven. don. field. ham. field. sex. land. 7,178 6,155 5,065 7,022 3,653 6,040 3,572 2,731 404,304 319,705 340,467 326,699 311,712 487,982 192,424 233,576 Stores, 4,010 3,375 5,418 3,088 7,040 9,450 74,603 102,553 9,845 5,079 29,070 23,270 18,879 17,022 7,205 20,631 Articles in the whole State. Dwelling-houses, Total Value. Total No. 1,941 2,285 17,173 16,106 18,676 28,682 328 36 428 171 1,347 66,590 400 1,970 540 7,105 Acres of land, Mills, Stores, Distilleries, Manufactures, Fisheries, Horses, asses, &c. Neat cattle, Sheep, Plate, value, Carriages, &c. Bank stock, Insurance stock, Turnpike stock, Money at interest, Assessments, Polls at $20 each, EDUCATION. The colleges in Connecticut are Yale College, at New Haven, which has connected with it medical, theological, and law schools; Washington College, at Hartford; and Wesleyan College or University, recently founded at Middletown. At Hartford is the American Asylum for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb; and there are other respectable literary seminaries and academies at New Haven, Hartford, and various other places. This state possesses an important School Fund, which was derived from the sale of lands, reserved by Connecticut, in the state of Ohio, and which amounted on the 1st of April, 1829, to $1,882,261 68. The income of this Fund is appropriated to the support of primary schools. In the year ending March 31, 1829, the sum of $72,161 15 was divided among the different free schools throughout the state. The number of children between the ages of 4 and 16, in 1828, was 84,899; and the dividends amounted to 85 cents to each child. VII. NEW YORK. THE settlement of this state was commenced by the Dutch, in 1614, who named the country New Netherlands, and established a colonial government in 1629. In 1664, Charles II. of England granted to his brother, the Duke of York, a patent for a large tract of country, forming the present states of New York and New Jersey; and during the same year, Colonel Nicolls, with a considerable force, in the service of the Duke, made a conquest of the country; and the name of New Netherlands was afterwards changed to New York. In 1673, the colony was recaptured by the Dutch, and held by them a few months; but, with the exception of this short period, it was in the possession of the English from 1664 till the American Revolution, in 1775. DUTCH GOVERNORS. Wouter Van Twiller, appointed 1629 Peter Stuyvesant, appointed 1647 William Kieft, do. 1638 |