[The colonial government was suspended in May, 1775, from which time to April, 1777, New York was governed by a Provincial Congress, of which Nathaniel Woodhull was President. A Constitution having, at length, been formed and adopted, the government, under this Constitution, went into operation April 20, 1777.]

The present Constitution of the state of New York was formed in 1821. The executive power is vested in a Governor, who is elected by the people every two years; and at the same time, a Lieutenant Governor is also chosen, who is President of the Senate, and on whom, in case of the impeachment, resignation, death, or absence of the Governor from office, the powers and duties of Governor devolve.

The legislative power is vested in a Senate of 32 members, who are chosen for four years, and an Assembly, of 128 members, who are elected annually; and these bodies united are styled the Legislature.

For the election of the senators, the state is divided into eight districts, each being entitled to choose four senators, one of whom is elected every ycar. The members of the Assembly are chosen by counties, and are apportioned according to population.

The election of governor, lieutenant governor, senators, and members of the Assembly, is held at such time in the month of October or November, as the legislature may by law provide.

* Martin Van Buren was governor from January 1 to March, 1829, when he resigned the office, on being appointed Secretary of State for the United States.

The political year commences on the first day of January; and the legislature meets annually (at Albany) on the first Tuesday in January, unless a different day is appointed by law.

The Constitution grants the right of suffrage, in the election of public officers, to every white male citizen, of the age of 21 years, who has been an inhabitant of the state one year next preceding any election, and, for the preceding six months, a resident in the county where he may offer his vote; but no man of color is entitled to vote unless he is possessed of a freehold estate of the value of 250 dollars, without any incumbrance.

The chancellor and judges are appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate. The chancellor and justices of the Supreme and Circuit Courts hold their offices during good behavior, or until they attain the age of 60 years. The judges of the County Courts, or Courts of Common Pleas, are appointed for a term of five years.

Archibald Campbell,

Dep. Sec. and Clerk of Com. of Land Office, 1,500

Pay of the members of the Senate and of the Assembly, $3 a day, during the session.

Erastus Root, Speaker of the Assembly; Francis Seger, Clerk.

The eight circuit judges are vice-chancellors for their respective circuits.

There are eight Circuit Courts with eight judges, and the circuits correspond, in territory and name, to the eight senate districts.

The amount of Personal and Real Estate of the City of New York, as returned by the Assessors for eight years, has been stated as follows.

BANKS

in the State, in January, 1830, with their respective Capitals.

Some other banks have been chartered, and have recently gone, or are

about going, into operation.

* *

The Bank of the United States has an office of Discount and Deposit at New York, with the sum of $2,500,000 assigned as its capital.

Total amount of Bank Capital in the State in 1830

$27,754,600

15,014,582 15,674,940

2 344.358

Total Canal Debt of the State in January, 1830, $7,706,013.

2,757.67

279.70

The Delaware and Hudson Canal, formed by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, extends from the Hudson to the Delaware, 60 miles; thence up the Delaware, 22 miles; thence up the valley of the Lackawaxen to Honsdale, 24 miles; total length 106 miles: average cost about $15,000 a mile.

ONONDAGA Salt Springs.

On the borders of Onondaga Lake there are valuable saline springs, which are the property of the state, and from which salt, in large quantities, is

manufactured. The water yields salt at the rate of one bushel to 45 gallons. The salt is made at the villages of Salina, Syracuse, Liverpool, and Geddes.

Bushels.

Duties.

Quantity of Salt inspected in 1826,

in the State in 1819 and 1829, as stated in Williams's "New York An

nual Register."

Number of Attorneys and Counsellors in the state, in 1820, 1,248; in 1829, 1,686.

EDUCATION.

The principal literary seminaries in this state are Columbia College, in the city of New York; Union College, at Schenectady; Hamilton College, at Clinton; Geneva College, at Geneva; the Medical Colleges in New York city and at Fairfield; the Theological Seminaries in New York city, at Auburn, Hartwick, and Hamilton; the Polytechny, at Chittenango; the Albany Academy, and about 50 other academies.

A statute of this state makes it the duty of the Superintendent of Common Schools, to present to the Legislature an annual report, containing a statement of the condition of the schools, estimates and accounts of the expenditures of the school moneys, plans for improvements, &c.

The Report presented to the Legislature by the Superintendent, in January, 1830, contains the following statements, namely; that the School Fund belonging to the state then amounted to $1,661,081.24 in stocks and other securities, and 869,178 acres of land; that the revenue actually received into the treasury, on account of this fund, in 1829, was $94,626-25; that there were, in the several towns in the state, 8,872 school districts, and of this number 8,292 had complied with the conditions of the statute, by having schools kept at least three months by an inspected teacher, and by making returns to the commissioners; that there were in the districts, from which reports had been received, 468,257 children over 5 and under 16 years of age; and that in the common schools of the same districts 480,041