ville; Madison College, at Union Town; Mount Airy College, at Germantown; the Theological Seminaries, at Gettysburg, York, and Alleghany Town; and the Moravian schools, at Bethlehem, Nazareth, and Litiz.

The Constitution declares that "the legislature shall, as soon as conveniently may be, provide by law for the establishment of schools in such manner that the poor may be taught gratis." Under this injunction means have been provided in nearly all the counties of the state, for the instruction of the children of indigent parents. They are sent to the most convenient schools of the neighborhoods in which they respectively reside, and the expense is paid by the county commissioners. In the city and county of Philadelphia, which constitutes the First School District of Pennsylvania, the Lancasterian system has been introduced for the education of the children described in the Constitution. In the Twelfth Annual Report of the Comptrollers of the Public Schools of this District, dated February 23, 1830, it is stated, that "during twelve years 34,703 children had received the benefits of tuition under the wise and beneficent provisions of the existing act of the General Assembly." These schools are superintended by gentlemen who serve without compensation. The teachers are well qualified for their duties, and are liberally paid. [See Hazard's "Register of Pennsylvania."]

X. DELAWARE.

THE first European settlement in this state was formed by Swedes and Finns, in 1627; in 1655, the colony was taken from the Swedes by the Dutch, under Governor Stuyvesant; and after the conquest of New York by the English, in 1664, it was placed under the jurisdiction of the government of New York.

In 1682, the country was granted to William Penn, and it was placed under the same executive and legislative government with Pennsylvania. It was then, as it is now, divided into three counties, Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, generally styled, till the American Revolution, “ The Three Lower Counties upon the Delaware."

In 1701, the representatives of Delaware withdrew from those of Pennsylvania; the first separate legislative assembly met at Newcastle, in 1704; and it ever afterwards continued distinct from that of Pennsylvania; though the same governor presided over both provinces till the 4th of July, 1776. The first Constitution of Delaware, which was formed in 1776, placed the executive power in a President, and a Privy Council of 4 members. In 1792, a new Constitution, the one now in operation, was adopted, by which the executive power is vested in a Governor.

The legislative power is vested in a General Assembly, consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives.

The representatives are elected annually, 7 from each county, the whole number being 21. The senators are elected for three years, 3 from each county, the whole number being 9. Three senators, one from each county, are chosen every year.

The executive power is vested in a Governor, who is elected by the people for three years; and he cannot hold the office more than 3 years in 6.

The representatives and three of the senators are elected annually on the first Tuesday in October; and the governor, every third year, at the same time.

The General Assembly meets (at Dover), annually, on the first Tuesday in January.

The Constitution grants the right of suffrage to all white freemen, of the age of 21 years, who have resided in the state two years, next before the election, and within that time paid a state or county tax.

The judicial power is vested in a Court of Chancery, a Supreme Court, Court of Common Pleas, &c. The chancellor and judges are appointed by the governor, and hold their offices during good behavior.

LEGISLATURE.

David Hazzard, Governor; term of office expires on the 3d Tuesday in January, 1833; salary $1,333-33.

The pay of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives

Farmers' Bank of the State of Delaware, at Dover, with brancnes

at Newcastle, Wilmington, and Georgetown,

Bank of Wilmington and Brandywine,

Bank of Delaware, at Wilmington,

Bank of Smyrna, with a branch at Milford,

Capital

$500,000

250,000

200,000

100,000

EDUCATION.

This state has a School Fund, amounting to $170,000, the interest of which, together with a small tax levied on each school district of four miles square, at the will of the majority of the taxable inhabitants, is appropriated to the support of free schools. No district is entitled to any share of the School Fund, that will not raise, by taxation, a sum equal to its share of the income of the Fund.

XI. MARYLAND.

IN 1632, Maryland was granted by Charles I. of England, to Sir George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, a Roman Catholic, and an eminent statesman,

who had been secretary to James I.; but before the patent was completed, Lord Baltimore died, and the patent, dated June 20, 1632, was given to his eldest son Cecilius, who succeeded to his titles, and who, for upwards of forty years, directed, as proprietor, the affairs of the colony.

Leonard Calvert, brother to Cecilius, Lord Baltimore, was appointed the first governor; and he, together with about 200 persons, commenced the settlement of the town of St. Mary's in 1634. A free toleration of religion was established, and a system of equity and humanity was practised with regard to the Indian tribes.

The Constitution of this state was first formed in 1776; since which time many amendments have been made.

The legislative power is vested in a Senate, consisting of 15 members, and a House of Delegates, consisting of 80 members; and these two branches united are styled The General Assembly of Maryland.

The members of the House of Delegates, four from each county, are elected annually by the people, on the first Monday in October; and the members of the Senate are elected every fifth year on the third Monday in September, at Annapolis, by electors who are chosen by the people on the first Monday of the same month of September. These electors choose by ballot 9 senators from the Western Shore, and 6 from the Eastern, who hold their office five years.

The executive power is vested in a Governor, who is elected annually on the first Monday in January, by a joint ballot of both Houses of the General Assembly. No one can hold the office of governor more than three years successively, nor be eligible as governor until the expiration of four years after he has been out of that office. The governor is assisted by a Council of five members, who are chosen annually by a joint ballot of the Senate and House of Delegates.

The General Assembly meets annually (at Annapolis) on the last Monday in December. The Council of the Governor is elected on the first Tuesday in January; the governor nominates to office, and the council appoints.

The Constitution grants the right of suffrage to every free, white, male citizen, above 21 years of age, having resided twelve months within the state, and six months in the county, or in the city of Annapolis or Baltimore, next preceding the election at which he offers to vote.

The chancellor and judges are nominated by the governor, and appointed by the council; and they hold their offices during good behavior.

[The Legislature formerly met on the first Monday in Dec., and the governor was elect ed on the 2d Monday of Dec.; but the Constitution was altered at the session of 1823, and confirmed in 1824.]

Government.

Thomas King Caroll, Governor; term of office expires on the first Tuesday in January, 1831; salary $2,666·7.

The members of the General Assembly receive $4 a day: the Speakers of each House, $5.