Burghs, ancient, 251, 280, 388, 397, 398, 419, Delphinus deductor, or ca'ing-whale, 411,421.

Carmelan, (vessel so named). shipwreck of, Eshaness, 527.

INDEX.

Fortified sites of ground, 231, 241, 295, 387, Light-house (Sumburgh,) 238, 330.

Habitations, ancient and modern. (See also Marriages, 546, 554.

..INDEX.

Udal Lands, origin and definition of, 180, 181,
and 298.

Tenures, nature of, 299 to 302.
Laws, origin and diversity of, 302 to
316, and 336.

Laws, perfectly distinct from Feudal
conditions, 316, 317.
Udallers, history of. Mode of adjusting a mark
of land, 178 to 181. What part of their
lands were liable to scat, and their mode of
paying it, 181. Oppressed by the mother
country of Norway, 183, 184. Shetland
constituted into a Fowdrie, 184, 185. Re-
lations of Udallers to the Earl of Orkney,
185. Burdens of tithes, umboths and
wattle, 186. Origin of laws of udal suc-
cession, 187. Lands during the Norwe-
gian Government never feudalised, 187,
189. The Earldom of Orkney, including
Shetland, accrues to HENRY SINCLAIR of
Scotland, 189. Orkney and Shetland be-
come pledged to the Scottish Crown, with
a stipulation that their ancient laws should
be preserved inviolate, 190.-Feudality first
introduced into Shetland in its mildest form,
190.-Udallers distinguish themselves from
feudal tenants by the name of Rothmen or
Roythmen, 192.-New Scottish settlers en-
deavour to set aside the old laws of udal suc-
cession, and introduce newer ones, more fa-
vourable to primogeniture, 193, 336.-Udal-
lers under Sir JA. SINCLAIR, resist the inva-
sion of their udal rights, by defeating the
Earl of Caithness, 194.-Lord ROBERT
STEUART becomes feuar of Orkney and
Shetland, 195.-The Crown creates a num-
ber of feudal vassals, ib.-Grant to Lord
ROBERT STEUART revoked in favour of the
Earl of Boswell, who was created Duke of
Orkney, 196.-Probable intentions of Scot-
land never to part with Orkney and Shet-
land, 196.-Lord ROBERT STEWART, re-
instated as feuar of Orkney and Shetland,
who exchanges his Abbey of Holyrood for
the temporal estates of the Bishopric of
Orkney, ib.-Oppressions of the udallers
under him, in his endeavours to wrest from
them their estates, 197 to 199.-Lord Ro-
BERT deposed, and imprisoned for his per-
secutions, 199.-Re-instated in his posses-
sions, with the additional powers of Justi-
ciar; also created Earl of Orkney and Lord
of Zetland, and, after a temporary exclu-
sion from the possession of the Bishopric,
restored to it, 200.-Again deposed, 201.

615

-Earldom granted to Lord Chancellor of
Scotland and the Lord Justice-Clerk, ib.-
Lord ROBERT STEUART reinstated, who as-
sumes the power, in consequence of his new
grant, of overruling the decrees of Court
with regard to udal lands, and of confisca-
ting estates, 201 to 204.-PATRICK STEU-
ART, son to ROBERT, is invested with the
Earldom, who exercises powers of the most
illegal kind in his designs on udal lands,
205, 206.-Deposed, ib.-His estates not
immediately declared to be forfeited, and
for what reason, 207, 208.-Orkney and
'Shetland again annexed to the Crown, and
arrangements in consequence, ib.-Granted
to Farmers, ib.-Altered state of udal te-
nures after the forfeiture of Earl PATRICK,
209.-Tyrannies of the Tacksmen to whom
Orkney and Shetland were let, 210, 211.—
Encroachments on the possessions of the
udallers by the new settlers, 213.-Earl of
Morton acquires possession of the Crown
estates of Orkney and Shetland, on the plea
of a mortgage, and usurps a direct superio-
rity over udal lands, 215.-Orkney and
Shetland seized upon by CROMWELL, ib.—
Again restored, on plea of a mortgage, to
the MORTON Family, 216.-DOUGLASS of
Spynie, Factor of the Crown rents, feu-
dalises nearly all the udal lands, and adds
to the distresses of the udallers, 216 to 219.
-Denmark fails in obtaining an acknow-
ledgment that Orkney and Shetland were
held in pledge to this power, ib.-Orkney
and Shetland re-annexed to the Crown, by
the cancelling of the claims of the MORTON
Family, 220.-Orkney and Shetland let out
to Tacksmen, 222.-State of Bishops' rents,
ib.-Earl of MORTON reinstated, with new
powers, 223. He obtains a discharge of the
reversion, but is deprived of the jurisdic-
tion of the islands, ib.-Sells his interest in
the islands to Sir LAWRENCE DUNDAS, 224.
-Effects arising from the ancient injuries
which Orkney and Shetland have sustain-
ed, 225.-Termination of a law-suit brought
by Sir LAWRENCE DUNDAS, relative to the
landed tenures of Shetland, 327.
Unicorn Rock, 287.

Urns, ancient sepulchral, 413, 434.
Uyea Sound, (Unst), 411.
Wadmel, 178, 441.

Water, superstitions respecting, 409,524, 581,
Wattle, 198, 321.

582.

1

616

Weapons of War, ancient, 250, 331.
Weights and Measures, 319, 471.

INDEX.

Whales, 565, 707. See also Delphinus Deduc-

44, for Hanger-Hugh, read Hanger-Heog,

287,-20, for contact read contract

293, 19, for over read along

371, 10, for more or less horizontal read more or less approaching to the horizontal

-

- 29, after through the country read chacing

6, for being less steep read being no less steep

DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER.

✓ CASTLE of SCALLOWAY to face the general Title-Page.

Title Page to the Itinerary, to precede

Plate III. Cradle of Noss, &c. to face
IV. Standing-Stone of Busta, &c.
V. Doreholm, &c.

VI. Plate of Antiquities,
VII. Geological Plate,
Geological Map,

P. NEILL, Printer, Edinburgh.