Messrs. J. H. & J. Parker's

RECENT PUBLICATIONS.

OXFORD AND LONDON.

The PRINCIPLES of DIVINE SERVICE: or, an Inquiry concerning the True Manner of understanding and using the Order for Morning and Evening Prayer, and for the Administration of the Holy Communion in the English Church. By the Rev. PHILIP FREEMAN, M.A., Vicar of Thorverton, Prebendary of Exeter, and Examining Chaplain to the Lord Bishop of Exeter. In two vols. 8vo. cloth, price 1. 45. [Just published.

The concluding portion, on the Order for the Holy Communion, just published, besides its proper subject, enters incidentally into most of the great religious questions of the day; as Atonement, Sacrifice, the Origin of the Sabbath Day, &c.

For those who have Vol. I., the price of Vol. II., with Introduction will be 145.; without the Introduction, 8s.

The ORDINATION SERVICE.

Addresses on the Questions to the Candidates for Ordination. By the Right Rev. the LORD BISHOP OF OXFORD. Third Edition. Crown 8vo. cloth, price 6s.

Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. The Greek Testament, with
English Notes. By the Rev. EDWARD BURTON, D.D., sometime Regius
Professor of Divinity in the University of Oxford. Sixth Edition, with
Index. 8vo. cloth, price 10s. 6d.
[Just published.
UNIVERSITY and CATHEDRAL SERMONS.
By the late DAVID WILLIAMS, D.C.L., Warden of New College, Oxford,
and Canon of Winchester, formerly Head Master of Winchester College.
With a brief Memoir of the Author. In one vol. 8vo. [Nearly ready.
SEVEN SERMONS preached on the Sundays in Lent

and Easter-day, 1862. By GILBERT VYVYAN HEATHCOTE, Literate Priest; Curate in sole charge of Rushall, Diocese of Salisbury. Crown 8vo. limp cloth, price 2s. 6d.

REPORT of the PROCEEDINGS of the CHURCH CONGRESS of 1862, held in the Sheldonian Theatre and Town-hall, Oxford, July 8th, 9th, and 10th. 8vo. sewed, price 2s. 6d.; by post 25. 10d. [Just published.

A HISTORY of the BOOK of COMMON PRAYER and other Authorized Books, from the Reformation; and an attempt to ascertain how the Rubrics, Canons, and Customs of the Church have been understood and observed from the same time; with an Account of the State of Religion in England from 1640 to 1660. By the Rev. THOMAS Lathbury, M.A., Author of "A History of the Convocation," "The Nonjurors," &c. Second Edition, with an Index. 8vo. price 10s. 6d. cloth. ANCIENT

COLLECTS and other PRAYERS. Selected for devotional use from various Rituals, with an Appendix on the Collects in the Prayer-Book. By WILLIAM BRIGHT, M.A., Fellow of University College, Oxford, Author of "A History of the Church," &c. Second Edition, enlarged. Fcap. 8vo. in red and black, on toned paper, price 5s. antique cloth.

The WORKS of S. JUSTIN MARTYR.

Trans

lated with Notes and Indices. (Library of the Fathers.) In 8vo. cloth, price 8s.

THOUGHTS DURING SICKNESS.

By the Author of "The Doctrine of the Cross," and "Devotions for the Sick Room." Third Edition. Fcap. price 2s. 6d. cloth.

JELF'S GREEK GRAMMAR. A Grammar of the Greek Language, chiefly from the Text of Raphael Kühnner. By Wм. Enw. JELF, M.A., Student of Christ Church. Two vols. 8vo. Third Edition, price 1/. 10s.

This Grammar is now in general use at Oxford, Cambridge, Dublin, and Durham; at Eton, King's College, London, and other public Schools.

MADVIG'S LATIN GRAMMAR.

A Latin Gram

mar for the use of Schools. By Professor MADVIG, with Additions by the Author. Translated by the Rev. G. F. WOODS, M.A., uniform with Jelf's "Greek Grammar." Fourth Edition, with an Index of Authors. 8vo. price 125. cloth.

Competent authorities pronounce this work to be the very best Latin Grammar yet published in England. This New Edition contains an Index to the Authors quoted.

GLEANINGS FROM WESTMINSTER ABBEY.

By GEORGE GILBERT SCOTT, R.A., F.S.A. With Appendices supplying further particulars, and completing the History of the Abbey Buildings, by others. Illustrated by numerous Plates and Woodcuts. New and much enlarged Edition. 8vo. [In the press.

MEMOIR of the late JOSHUA WATSON. By the

Venerable ARCHDEACON CHURTON. New Edition.

[In the press.

WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS, Edinburgh and London.

excuse, or even palliation, for abandoning authority. If there be members of the Church of England who have no regard to, or respect for, the sentence of the Synod, when such sentence has been pronounced, the sin is theirs. But, so long as no sentence is pronounced, the sin is the sin of the Synod. The offence and the folly of Essays and Reviews have culminated in the book of the Bishop of Natal. The use which the Bishop has made (Preface, p. xii. note) of the late judgments in the Court of Arches Bishop of Salisbury v. Williams; Fendall v. Wilson;-will open some men's eyes to the unsoundness and the danger of the position that the Synod may and ought to leave such cases to the law Courts. For the judgments in the Court of Arches may be sound enough, as discriminating between what is, and what is not, a legal offence: but a legal offence in a minister of a Church established by law, and an offence of the same man against the Bible and the Church, are not, necessarily, one and the same thing. Neither are they to be dealt with in the same way. Meantime, the book is a judgment upon us all for the evasion by the Bishops of a primary duty of their Synodical office. The evasion, so long as it is not repaired, converts all other proceedings in Synod into an offence.

Bishops and priests, members of the Church's Synods, what are you going to say to this "hinderer and slanderer of God's Word ?" Are you going to shrink from condemning his book as you shrunk from condemning Essays and Reviews? Are you going, once more, to abdicate the "Authority" entrusted to you by the Great Head of the Church in favour of the argumentative refutations of private men? Is there no room for application here of the Divine reproof,-" These ought ye to have done,

and not to leave the other undone?" Will you again invite the application? May GOD in His mercy forbid! Rather may GOD enlarge the concord now prevailing between faithful members of His Church in this land who had doubted of one another, and may He bless that concord to the recovery of the Church's true position in the defence of the common inheritance of the Faith. For the Church may sin, either in the life of its members severally, or in its corporate life. The sin of its corporate life is the refusal or the neglect to guard the Faith committed to its keeping, and to interpose the shield of its Authority, and the encouragement of its own humble faithfulness, between the tempter and the tempted.

Let us hope—and let us pray that we may hopethat, notwithstanding our painful experience in the case of Essays and Reviews, the Synod will be ready to postpone all other business to the consideration of a Synodical judgment to be pronounced upon this most unhappy book of one of the Bishops of the Church of England. "To what purpose is the multitude" of ministers, and churches, and schools, and the work of home and foreign missions; to what purpose is "the Book of Common Prayer, and Administration of the Sacraments," if ministers and teachers are to go forth bearing in their hands a doubted and dishonoured BIBLE?

Garibaldi.

ARIBALDI has obtained a great and permanent success upon the stage of foreign politics. Sympathy with his late reverses, notwithstanding the Conservative tendencies of the age, is a popular text for dinner and platform orators; and in the race for the favour of the British public the revolutionary chief has fairly distanced his competitors. All parties yield alike to the fascination of his romance. His professed opinions endear him to the Radicals; the support he has given to those proceedings which her Majesty's Government dignify with the title of a foreign policy commend him to the Whigs; and even Tory county members and Tory country gentlemen rise, amidst the fumes of provincial dinners, to drink "success to Garibaldi," with as much enthusiasm and far less logic than their ancestors may have toasted the "king over the water." Under these circumstances we may reasonably ask, "Whence comes such wonderful unanimity of opinion?" One answer is obvious. The misgovernment of the Bourbon dynasty had become proverbial amongst us; we welcomed the Neapolitan refugee, no matter how infamous his character or conduct, as a martyr and a hero. When therefore Garibaldi, at the head of a thousand volunteers, landed in Sicily, worsted the royal troops, passed over to the sister kingdom in the face of a powerful fleet, entered the capital without a blow, defeated the King in a pitched battle, and, having wrested from him the greater part of his dominions, proclaimed Victor Emmanuel in Naples apparently without fee, reward, or condition, no wonder that enthusiasm ran high, no wonder that the author of such miraculous results was almost adored! But has not Garibaldi a further claim on British sympathy? Is he not the avowed enemy of the Pope? Is not it his mission to root out Romish superstition and enthrone pure religion on the Seven Hills? So reason many of our pious countrymen-excellent, but credulous men! When they reflect that Garibaldi attends no fixed place of worship, professes at the best a very doubtful Christianity, when they peruse the "Garibaldi" catechism, can they believe that the renegade clerical adventurers, who are dubbed his chaplains, would establish any orthodox creed if the supreme ecclesiastical power fell into their hands? This test must be resigned: Garibaldi's reputation must stand or fall by his political acts only, and to judge whether he deserves the confidence and admiration which have been lavished upon him, let us briefly review the circumstances attending his first expedition to Sicily.

In the month of December, 1859, Cavour, who had lately returned to power, determined to compensate for the certain surrender of Savoy and Nice by striking a blow at Naples. The opportunity was favourable; Ferdinand was dead; his weak and youthful successor no formidable opponent. In the first instance Cavour felt his way independently of the republican party; he selected as his instrument one Nisco, who had been lately liberated from political imprisonment under the amnesty proclaimed by Francis on his accession.

Cavour's plan was to bribe the Neapolitan army; and Nisco, furnished with a large sum of money, opened negotiations, first with General Nunziante, and later with the Prince of Syracuse, the King's uncle. The Prince and the General were the only fruits of Nisco's mission, which in other respects proved a failure, but the pair of traitors retired to Turin, to receive the reward of their treachery; the Prince an ample pension, the General a high command in the Piedmontese army, and subsequently the governorship of Alexandria. Our readers will perhaps remember the letter addressed on the 24th August, 1860, by the Prince of Syracuse to his nephew, urging the cession of Naples; and will readily appreciate the motives by which it was dictated. Finding simple corruption of no avail, Cavour, in March, 1860, had recourse to another expedient. The late disgraceful surrender of Nice and Savoy had incensed the party of action against his government; and to regain their allegiance, as well as to forward his own policy, Cavour assented to Garibaldi's expedition against Sicily. We cannot attempt here an elaborate recital of these intrigues; but the admission of Cavour's own agents, and the debates in the Turin Chambers, have given to the world all the leading details.

The owners of the vessel which conveyed Garibaldi to Marsala were compensated by the government; the arms carried by the volunteers were furnished from a Piedmontese fortress; Admiral Persano convoyed this expedition, with orders to resist any attacking force, and carried on board his flagship the Piedmontese Lafarina (afterwards Governor of Sicily), and Count Trecchi, King Victor Emmanuel's confidential aide-de-camp; the volunteers who reinforced the expedition were franked to the seaports, drilled, and shipped at the government expense, and Piedmontese soldiers disguised in red shirts were frequent in their ranks. On the 4th August the Piedmontese "statuto" was proclaimed by Depretis, and subsequently the government of the island was administered, in the name of Victor Emmanuel, by a staff of officials sent from Turin.

On the 8th of September Persano anchored at Naples, and landed Piedmontese regiments to strengthen the "Liberator." Thenceforward the mask was thrown off, and the Piedmontese army took the offensive in sober earnest.

By their exertions the successes of Volturno, Isernia, and Garigliano were gained, and Gaeta invested, and finally, on the 7th of November, Victor Emmanuel, styled in irony Il re Galantuomo, entered the capital of his kinsman and ally, after a series of acts of duplicity and treachery which have few historical parallels. Garibaldi's part for the time was played. On the 9th he retired to Caprera, and took leave of his comrades in these words, "To arms all! all! If the month of March, 1861, does not find a million of Italians under arms, alas for Italian existence."

The month of March came, but brought no million of armed Italians. For the most part they were sick of fighting. The squabbles of the representative chamber, and the influence of Cavour for a time checked the party of action, but the accession to power of Ricasoli was the signal for renewed action. Garibaldi and his friends disliked the Tuscan

noble, Ricasoli; they remembered his support of the Grand Duke, in 1849, and suspected him of Conservative tendency; they therefore opened a negociation with the French party to act against the common foe, and on the promise of a million of francs, Garibaldi sealed the compact. Ricasoli fell. Rattazzi succeeded, the money was paid, but the Republicans obtained no further share of the spoil; no support in their schemes of aggression; and the fruits of their disappointment resulted in the abortive attempt at Sarnico and in the humiliation and capture of their chief at Aspromonte.

From the facts above mentioned we see at a glance the cause of Garibaldi's late failure. Garibaldi is a brave soldier, an able partisan leader, but without Piedmontese assistance he never could have hoped for success in 1860. Consequently, in 1862, when the Government went against him, the sinews of war were wanting, and so the bubble burst, this house of cards fell to the ground.

We also learn another truth, new to some of us, namely, that the great high minded patriot is but a frail mortal, capable of very common-place intrigues, and of playing fast and loose with rival politicians. His motives are clear enough. He seeks Italian unity, but through the Italian Republe one and indivisible. The cry of "Victor Emmanuel" was raised only to further an ulterior object to be thrown aside when the Triumvirate should be proclaimed in the Capitol with the party of action at the head of affairs. If Italy is ever to become a great and strong power, and induce France and Austria to restore her unity, she cannot accomplish her desire at the hands of revolutionary adventurers. Her statesmen must trace the paths of moderation, reform the internal administration of the country, put a stop to wholesale military massacre and political imprisonment, raise states of siege, obtain a fair representation of property and intelligence in the Lower Chamber, to the exclusion of the mass of adventurers who now crowd the benches, and above all, abandon for the present any attempt at territorial aggrandisement.

May we also venture to hope that Englishmen will see through the political mist which surrounds them, and exchange a region of romance for a few grains of common sense. We may justly admire Garibaldi, his indomitable courage, his fertile resources, his skilful dispositions; but supporters of our ancient institutions, of our Church and State, may not choose for a hero one who has done his best to damage the monarchical form of government in Italy, and who, with his latest political breath, approves the events of 1793, and advocates the worship of the goddess of reason.

The Meeting at Wycombe.

HAT the recent Meeting at High Wycombe, at which the leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons spoke at large on the prospects of the Church of England, should have been very unfavourably criticised by all who are jealous of the Church was only to have been expected. Such criticism, indeed, is the best tribute to the real significance of the meeting, and