1564. The Conde de Nieva, viceroy of Peru, killed, ii. 547

Spain permanently occupies the Philippines, ii. 454.

1565. Royal Audiencia in Chile, ii. 551.

John Hawkins in the West Indies selling negroes, and on the Florida coast, iii. 60.

Menendez attacks the French settlements,

ii. 263, 271, 292.

1572. Toleration in religion established in Holland, iii. 231.

Drake on the Spanish Main, iii. 65; viii. 195; joins with the Cimarrones, viii. 233. Porcacchi's L'isole, with its maps, published, ii. 449, 453; iv. 95, 96. 1573. A ship's log first described, ii. 98. Nov. 19. The first Auto da Fé at Lima, ii.

557

do, ii. 585.

Juan Pardo's exped. to Florida, ii. 504.
July. Las Casas dies at Madrid, ii. 314.
Nic. Des Liens' map, iv. 78, 79.

Zaltieri's map is thought to be the earliest engraved one to show the Straits of Anian, ii. 449, 451; iv. 93.

1566-73. Spaniards in the Chesapeake, iii. 167.

1567. John Hawkins's third voyage to the West Indies, iii. 63.

Dominic de Gourgues attacks the Spaniards in Florida, ii. 280, 297.

The Solomon Islands discovered from Peru, ii. 552.

Jesuits reach Peru, ii. 552.

Second Council of Lima, ii. 552.

Jan. 20. The Portuguese finally possess Rio de Janeiro and name it San Sebastian, viii. 351, 394.

Olaus Magnus' map, i. 125.

1568. Audiencia at Santiago, viii. 295.

Silva and De Cerpa in the Eldorado region, ii. 586.

Hawkins at Vera Cruz, viii. 195.

Francisco Cano's exped. to New Mexico, ii.

504.

Adventures of Ingram, Hortop, etc., through the present United States, iii. 170, 186.

Bernal Diaz begins his Historia, ii. 414. 1569. Francisco de Toledo governor of Peru, ii. 552.

Juan de Orozco's exped. to New Galicia, ii. 504.

Mercator's great map, ii. 449. 452, 470; iv. 78, 94, 364-373; viii. 398; and his projection. 1569-89. Ercilla's versified account of the Araucanian war, ii. 571.

1570. Earliest Norse maps of Vinland, i. 129.

The original edition of Ortelius' Theatrum published, ii. 93; iii. 34; iv. 94, 95, 369; viii. 398; and his list of accessible maps show how jealously the Spanish government had kept out of sight their American discoveries, ii. 471. Francis Drake in the West Indies, iii. 64. Spaniards in the Chesapeake, ii. 282. Supposed date of Forlani's map of South America, viii. 400.

The island of Juan Fernandez discovered, viii. 407.

1571. Ferdinand Columbus's Life of Columbus published, ii. 62, 64, 65, 89.

Inquisition established in Mexico, viii. 197. Fernandez's Hist. del Peru published, ii. 569. Tupac Amaru's revolt, ii. 553; viii. 315. Queen Elizabeth denounced as a heretic by the Pope, iii. 223.

Silva's second Eldorado expedition, ii. 586.
First Cimarrone war ends, viii. 233-
Ruscelli's map, iv. 78.

Furlano's map of the North Pacific, iii. 68.
1575. Oxenham in the Pacific, viii. 233.
Archbishop Loyasa died at Lima, ii. 557.
Thevet's map, iv. 95.
Ortelius' map, iv. 78.

1576. Apian's map, iv. 101.

Sir H. Gilbert's map, iii. 203.

Frobisher's first Arctic expedition, iii. 35, 86, 99.

Belleforest's Cosmographie, iii. 36.

1577. Frobisher's second voyage to the north, iii. 87.

Richard Willes' ed. of Eden's Martyr, iii.

204.

Dec. 13. Drake begins his voyage round the world, iii. 65.

1578. Oct. 28. Francis Drake in the Pacific, iii. 66; viii. 233; sees Cape Horn, viii. 384. Sir Humphrey Gilbert's exped., iii. 126, 171. Frobisher's third voyage to the north, iii. SS. Frobisher's map, iii. 102.

De Léry's account of Brazil published, viii. 392.

Cellarius's map, iv. 101.

The Martines map, ii. 229, 450; iv. 97; viii. 386.

1579. Simon Ferdinando on the Norumbega coast, iii. 171.

Drake on the California coast, and called it "New Albion," ii. 453; iii. 72.

Sarmiento sent from Peru to the Straits of Magellan, ii. 557.

Bishop Landa dies, ii. 429.

1580. John Walker at Norumbega, iii. 171. Dr. John Dee's map, iii. 196; iv. 96, 98.

The Dutch first on the Guiana coast, viii. 363. 1580-1600. Japanese map of the West coast of America, ii. 460.

1581. Martin Henriquez viceroy of Peru, ii. 557.

Archbishop Toribio reached Lima, ii. 557. Maps by Gemma Frison, iv. 101. Xahila's Memorial de Tecpan-Atitlan written, ii. 419.

Chamuscado's expedition, viii. 254.

Robert Browne and followers go to Zealand, iii. 261.

1582. Second Council of Lima, ii. 557. Antonio de Berreo's expedition on the Orinoco, ii. 586.

A. Millo's map, iv. 101.

Popellinière's map in his Trois Mondes, iii. 37; iv. 95; viii. 399.

Michael Lok's map, iii. 40; iv. 44.

Richard Hakluyt's Divers Voyages, i. p. xxix ; iii. 37, 189, 204; iv. 43.

1582-84. Ant. de Espejo's expedition to New Mexico, ii. 504.

1583. Sotomayor governor of Chili, ii. 561.

1599. Wright's improvement of Mercator's
projection, iii. 208, 216.

Champlain's West India voyage, iv. 133;
viii. 248.

Hondius first put the Laguna Parima on a
map, ii. 587.

Olivier van Noort passes through Magel-
lan's Straits into the Pacific, viii. 407.

Olivier van Noort's map of Patagonia, viii.
405.

Blaeu's globes, ii. 215.

1600. Position of the Indian tribes east of the
Aileghanies, as given by Gallatin, i. 321; and
of those in the Ohio valley, iv. 298.

Richard Hakluyt's Navigations, 3d vol., i.
p. xxx.

Quadus' Geog. Handbuch, iv. 372; with map,
iv. IOI.

Molineaux' map. iii. 216; iv. 80, 377-
1601. Herrera publishes his Historia General,
ii. p. i, 67, 213; with American maps, ii. 460.
Porto Bello attacked by Parker, viii. 233,
238.

Fourth Council of Peru, ii. 560.
1602. Separatists gather at Gainsborough,
Eng., iii. 257.

Geo. Weymouth's voyage, iii. 91.

Gosnold's expedition on the Virginia coast,
iii. 172, 187, 209.

Viscaino's expedition on the North Pacific
American coast, ii. 460; viii. 198.

Martin Aguilar on the west coast of Amer-
ica, and the reports of his explorations, gave
rise to the view that California was an island,
a view which long prevailed, ii. 461.

-

The Dutch on the Essequibo (Guiana), viii.
363.
1603. Amyar de Chastes' projects of American
colonization, iv. 103.

Martin Pring on the New England coast,
iii. 173.

Botero's map, iv. 378.

Commission of De Monts for Acadia, v.

475.

Mar. 15. Champlain sails for America, un-
der Pont Gravé and Prevert, iv. 104.

June. Champlain explores the Saguenay,
iv. 104.

1604. Champlain at St. Croix, iv. 137.

De Monts and Champlain on the Nova
Scotia and New England coasts, iii. 174; iv.
106, 107, 136; vii. 174.

Champlain publishes his account of his first
voyage (1603), iv. 130.

John Robinson joins the Separatists, iii. 259.
Jodocus Hondius succeeded to Mercator,
iv. 372.

1605. Santa Fé settled, viii. 254.

Champlain at Plymouth, Mass., iv. 109.

Geo. Waymouth on the New England coast,
iii. 175, 189: iv. 110.

Voyage of the Danes to the north of Amer-
ica, iii. 92.

1605-6. Champlain at Port Royal, Annapolis,
Nova Scotia, iv. 111.

1606. Champlain perhaps discovers the Isles
of Shoals, iv. III.

Champlain at Gloucester, Mass., iv. III.
Sir Ferdinando Gorges begins to send expe-
litions to the New England coast, iii. 175.
Archbishop Toribio dies in Peru, viii. 367.
The "Pilgrim" church formed at Scrooby,
iii. 258.

1606. John Smyth and Separatists go to Am-
sterdam, iii. 257.

April. Concession of James I. to Thomas
Gates, v. 476.

Apr. 10. James I. charters two companies,
the London and the Plymouth, with the terri-
tory of Virginia divided between them, iii. 127,
295.

1607, Apr. 26–June 2, 1608. Covered by the
earliest printed account of the Jamestown set-
tlement, iii. 153.

May 13. Colonists land at James River,
Va., and found Jamestown, iii. 128.

Sept. Champlain left the coast, iv. 113.
Popham's expedition to the New England
coast, iii. 176, 192.

Hudson's voyages to the northeast, iii. 103.
Garcia's discussion of the peopling of Amer-
ica, i. 369.

Garcilasso de la Vega; Commentaries on
Peruvian history first printed, i. 266; ii. 569.
1608. Separatist emigration to Holland, iii.
261; when Bradford's History of Plymouth
Plantation begins, iii. 286.

Capt. John Smith's explorations in Va., iii.
131.

Apr. 13. Champlain sails again for Can-
ada, iv. 113.

July 3. Champlain founds Quebec, iv. 114,
and maps the region, iv. 115.

Harcourt occupies the Guiana coast for
England, viii. 363.

1608-16. Garcilasso de la Vega's Peru printed,
ii. 570, 575.

1609. Lescarbot's Nouvelle France originally
published, iv. 149; with his map of the St.
Lawrence and Acadia, iv. 117, 154, 304.

The Scrooby people reach Leyden, iii. 262.
Twelve years' truce between Spain and the
Netherlands begins, iii. 264.

Tracts on Virginia, iii. 155.

Gates and other Virginia colonists wrecked
at Bermuda, iii. 134.

Francis West and others arrive at James-
town, iii. 134.

Capt. Samuel Argall in Virginia, iii. 134.
Movements to settle Newfoundland, viii.

188.

Apr. 4. Hudson sailed from Texel, and,
Sept. 4, is in the Hudson River, iv. 397, 415;
and on the Maine coast, iii. 178.

May 23. Enlargement of the charter of
"The first colony in Virginia," iii. 133.
The Indians present copper to Champlain,
iv. 164.
June.

116.

Pont Gravé joins Champlain, iv.

July. Champlain at Ticonderoga, i. 286;
iv. 119.

Oct. Champlain again in France, iv. 121.
1610. Poutrincourt in Acadia, iv. 138.

Champlain returns to Quebec, iv. 121; and
again to France, iv. 122.

French map of the New England coast, iv.
143.

Argall on the New England coast, iii. 193.
Aug. 27. Argall discovers and names Del-
aware Bay, iii. 137.

Tracts on Virginia, iii. 155.

Gates and his company reach Jamestown,
iii. 136.

June 10.
town, iii. 136.

Lord Delaware arrives at James-

1610. Henry Hudson's voyage to Hudson's
Bay, iii. 92.

Father Solano, the Apostle of Peru, dies,
viii. 368.

1611. The Mercure François begins to illustrate
Canadian history, iv. 300.

Champlain again in Quebec, but returned to
France, iv. 122-3.

The Jesuits reach Acadia, and their Re-
lations become important historical material,
iv. 151

Biard begins his mission in Acadia, iv. 300.
Jesuits at Port Royal and Mount Desert, iv.
264.

The French and English meet on the Maine
coast, iii. 178.

Tracts on Virginia, iii. 156.

Mar. 19. Sir Thomas Dale reaches James-

town, iii. 137.

Aug. Sir Thomas Gates reaches James-
town, iii. 138.

1612. Sir Thomas Button's voyage to the
north, iii. 93.

Baffin's voyages begin, iii. 99.
Map of the Arctic regions, viii. 2
Champlain's map of Canada, iv. 380, 381.
Tracts on Virginia, iii. 156.

Smith's map of Virginia, iii. 167.

1613. Champlain once more in Quebec, iv.
123; explores the Ottawa River, iv. 124; pub-
lishes his Voyages, with a map, making the
first attempt to lay down the latitude and
longitude for this part of the coast, iv. 131,
382.

The Jesuits at Mt. Desert, iii. 179.

Argall at Mount Desert, iv. 141; and at the
Hudson River, iv. 400, 427.

Tracts on Virginia, iii. 157.

Samuel Purchas' Pilgrimes, i. xxxiii; iii. 47.
Heinrich Hondius and Johannes Jansson
begin as cartographers, iv. 374.

1614. Champlain in France, iv. 124.

Argall on the Maine coast, iii. 140.
Capt. John Smith on the New England
coast, iii. 179; making a map, iii. 181.

Hobson on the New England coast, iii. 180.
Spilbergen in the Pacific, viii. 198.
Block explores the Connecticut River, iii.
368.

Figurative (Dutch) map of New England,
iii. 381; iv. 433.

Apr. 5. Pocahontas and John Rolfe mar-
ried, iii. 139.

1614-19. French ships on the Massachusetts

1616. The New England coast Indians de-
stroyed by a plague, iv. 110.

Smith's Description of New England, with
its map, iii. 197, 211.

Pocahontas in England, and dies March 21,
1617, iii. 141.

The French settle Guiana, but are driven
out, viii. 363.

Schouten first doubles Cape Horn from the
eastward, viii. 384.

1617. Argall again in Virginia, iii. 141.

Sir Wm. Vaughan in Newfoundland, viii.
188.

Raleigh again in Guiana, iii. 119.

Santa Rosa, the patroness of Lima, dies, ii.
560.

The Leyden Separatists think of going to
America, iii. 264.

Edward Winslow joins the Leyden Separa-
tists, iii. 285.

King James projects a State Paper office,
viii. 459.

1618. Rocroft on the New England coast, iii..
182.

Sir Richard Vines on the New England
coast, iii. 182.

Étienne Brulé returns from beyond Lake
Huron, iv. 165.

Dutch West Indian Company organized,
and charter given in 1621, iv. 397-8.

Oct. 19. Raleigh executed, iii. 119.
Maps in Bertius, French ed., iv. 102.
1618-19. The Nodals voyage through Magel-
lan's Straits, viii. 412.

1619. Champlain's third narrative published,
iv. 132.

Recollects reach Acadia, iv. 266.

Capt. Dermer on the New England coast,
iii. 182.

June 9-19. Wincob's patent for the Leyden
Company, iii. 265.

Aug. Negro slavery introduced into Vir-
ginia, iii. 143.

Iron manufacture begins in Va., iii. 163.
1619-24. Records of the Virginia Company
preserved, iii. 158.

1620. Frontenac born, iv. 317.

Sir Geo. Calvert buys a part of Newfound-
land, and establishes, 1621, a colony at Ferry-
land, iii. 519.

Feb. The Merchants Adventurers get a
patent for the Plymouth Colony from the Vir-
ginia Co., iii. 269.

Nov. 3.
rated, 295.

Council for New England incorpo-

Nov. 11. The Mayflower Compact signed
in Cape Cod harbor, iii. 269.

Dec. The Pilgrims reach New Plymouth,
iii. 267.

Seat of government in the La Plata region
transferred from Asuncion to Buenos Ayres,
viii. 360.

1621. William de Caen in Canada, iv. 67.
Beginnings of New Netherland, iii. 385.
The Dutch trading on the New England
coast, iii. 193.

Jacobsen's map of New Netherland, iv.
383, 434.

Beginning of the iron trade in the United
States, viii. 494. See 1619.

June 1-11. The John Peirce patent from

301, 310.

1621. Sept. 10. Sir William Alexander's charter
of New Scotland, iii. 299; iv. 142; repeated by
Charles I, July 12, 1623, v. 476, 478, 479.

Nov. 11-21. The "Fortune" reaches New
Plymouth, iii. 275-

Nov. Sir Francis Wyatt in Va., iii. 144.
Dec. The Pilgrim settlement first called
"New Plymouth," iii. 276.

Philoponus published, ii. 58.

End of Twelve Years' Truce, viii. 299.
1622. Thomas Weston at Weymouth, Mass,
iii. 278, 311.

Mourt's Relation about Plymouth Colony
published, iii. 289.

Mar. 22. Massacre of the Virginia colo-
nists by the Indians, iii. 145, 163.

Aug. 10. Grants to Mason and Gorges, iii.
329.

Robert Gorges on the New England coast,
iii. 304.

The earliest map to insularize the California
peninsula, ii. 461.

1623. Calvert receives a patent for Avalon,
iii. 519; viii. 188.

Fishing station established on Monhegan,
iii. 321.

David Thompson's settlement in New
Hampshire, iii. 326.

Fishing settlement at Cape Ann, iii. 311.
Francis West on the New England coast,
iii. 304-

The "Ann" and "Little James' reach
Plymouth, iii. 292.

Plymouth Colony Laws begin, iii. 292.
The Dutch build Fort Orange (Albany), iv.
398.

Jacobsen settles for the Dutch on the Dela-
ware, iii. 422.

The Dutchman Mey, in the Delaware,
erects Fort Nassau, iv. 398, 448.

St. Kitts granted to Thomas Warren, and it
becomes a buccaneer nest, viii. 233.

May 5. Patent to Christopher Levett on
the Maine coast, iii. 308.

July 29. Division of New England among
the patentees of the Council for New Eng-
land, iii. 305, 306, 340.

Sept. Robert Gorges at Weymouth, Mass.,
iii. 311.

The Dutch attack San Salvador in Brazil,
viii. 351.

1624. The Swedish Australian Company in-
stituted, and a more complete charter issued
in 1626, iv. 443, 488.

First edition of Smith's Generall History,
iii. 211.

June 16. Virginia charter annulled, iii. 146,
307.

1625. The English occupy Barbadoes, viii.

Samuel Maverick at Noddle's Island (Bos-
ton), iii. 311.

Wm. Blackstone at Shawmut (Boston), iii.

311.

San Salvador retaken by the Spaniards and
Portuguese, viii. 351.

Feb. 19-Mar. 1.
Leyden, iii. 277.

John Robinson dies at

July 15. Earliest settlement at Pemaquid,
iii. 321.
1626.

D'Esnambuc at St. Kitts, viii. 252.
Louis XIII conveys the Canada region to
the Company of New France, viii. 25; formed
by Richelieu, iv. 127.

French built a fort at Castine, iv. 146.
The Dutch buy Manhattan Island of the
natives, iv. 398.

Usselincx transfers his services to the
Swedes, iv. 416.

The first Anglo-American poetical produc-
tion, Sandys' translation of Övid, published,
iii. 145

1627. Calvert at Avalon, iii. 519.

Mar. 19. Grant to the Massachusetts Com-
pany, iii. 342; confirmed by the king, iii. 310.
Edward Hilton settlement in New Hamp-
shire, iii. 326.

The Dutch Admiral Heyn on the coast of
Brazil, viii. 351.

1627-29-31. Claiborne's grants, iii. 146.
1628. New settlers for Canada sent out, iv.
127.

Kennebec patent issued to the Plymouth
people, iii. 308.

Heyn's capture of the silver fleet, viii. 198.
Bagnal at Richmond island (Me.), iii. 322.
Sept. 6. John Endicott at Salem, Mass., iii.
242, 311.

66

1628-29. Mar. 4. London's plantation in
Massachusetts Bay" established, iii. 309, 311,

342.

1629. Pinelo, earliest American bibliographer,
i. p. i.

Quebec taken by Kirke, and Champlain
taken to England, iv. 128, 158, 165.

Walford at Charlestown, Mass., iii. 311.
New Charter for New Netherland, iv. 398.
Buenos Ayres, with neighboring provinces,
united in a single viceroyalty, viii. 360.

Nov. 7. Grant to John Mason (New Hamp-
shire), iii. 308, 329.

Nov. 17. The Laconia patent of Gorges
and Mason, and settlement made in 1630, iii.
308, 327, 340, 367.

Baltimore in Virginia, iii. 519.

1629-30, Jan. 13-23. The Council for New
England grants to Bradford an enlargement
of the Pilgrims' patent, iii. 279, 308, 310.

Mar. 12. Hilton's or the Squamscott pa-
tent, iii. 367.

1630. Sir Wm. Alexander's grant to La Tour,
iv. 142.

Richard Vines at Saco, iii. 321.
Plough patent in Maine, iii. 322.

Winthrop and his company come over to
Massachusetts Bay, iii. 312; and organize a
church in Boston, iii. 242.

The Dutch send additional colonists to the
Delaware, under the direction of De Vries, iv.
400.

Sir Robert Heath's grant, 31° to 36° north
lat., v. 69, 287, 335, 358.