Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and GeologyWiley and Putnam, 1842 - 249 páginas Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology by James Finlay Weir Johnston, first published in 1842, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it. |
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Página 40
... stiff kinds of clay . 7. Oxide of Iron . - The most familiar form of this substance is the rust that forms on metallic iron in damp places . It is a compound of iron with oxygen , hence the name oxide . 8. Oxide of Manganese is a brown ...
... stiff kinds of clay . 7. Oxide of Iron . - The most familiar form of this substance is the rust that forms on metallic iron in damp places . It is a compound of iron with oxygen , hence the name oxide . 8. Oxide of Manganese is a brown ...
Página 56
... stiff and very clayey soils 10 to 12 per cent . may occasion- ally be detected . In very old pasture lands and in gardens , vegetable matter occasionally accumu- lates , so as to overload the upper soil . To this organic matter in the ...
... stiff and very clayey soils 10 to 12 per cent . may occasion- ally be detected . In very old pasture lands and in gardens , vegetable matter occasionally accumu- lates , so as to overload the upper soil . To this organic matter in the ...
Página 63
... stiff clays this loss will comprise a portion of water , which is not wholly driven off from such soils by drying upon paper in the way described . SECTION III . - OF THE DIVERSITIES OF SOILS AND SUBSOILS . Though the substances of ...
... stiff clays this loss will comprise a portion of water , which is not wholly driven off from such soils by drying upon paper in the way described . SECTION III . - OF THE DIVERSITIES OF SOILS AND SUBSOILS . Though the substances of ...
Página 64
... stiff and impervious to water . The most ignorant farmer knows how much the value of a piece of land depends upon the cha- racters of the surface soil , -the intelligent im- prover understands best the importance of a favourable subsoil ...
... stiff and impervious to water . The most ignorant farmer knows how much the value of a piece of land depends upon the cha- racters of the surface soil , -the intelligent im- prover understands best the importance of a favourable subsoil ...
Página 68
... stiff clay ; if a limestone , it is more or less calca- reous ; and if the rock consist of any peculiar mix . ture of those three substances , a similar mixture is observed in the earthy matter into which it has crumbled . Led by this ...
... stiff clay ; if a limestone , it is more or less calca- reous ; and if the rock consist of any peculiar mix . ture of those three substances , a similar mixture is observed in the earthy matter into which it has crumbled . Led by this ...
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Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology James Finlay Weir Johnston Visualização integral - 1842 |
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology James Finlay Weir Johnston Visualização integral - 1842 |
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology James Finlay Weir Johnston Visualização integral - 1851 |
Palavras e frases frequentes
abundance agricultural alumina ammonia animal arable land ash of plants barley beds burned carbonic acid cent chalk charcoal chemical combination chiefly clay common air compost consists constitution contain corn crops decay districts dung earthy matter effect farmer fermented fertile geology gluten gradually grain granites grass green grow growth gypsum Hence hornblende hydrogen inorganic food inorganic matter kind leaf leaves less lime limestone liquid living London clays magnesia marl mixed natural nitric acid nitrogen nourishing numbers oats organic oxide oxygen pasture peat Phosphoric acid plough portion potash potatoes practical produce proportion quantity of inorganic rains readily red sandstones rich roots of plants saline saline matter salt sand sandy SECTION II.-OF silica Silurian soda soil soluble starch stiff stratified rocks subsoil substances sugar sulphate sulphur supply surface tain taper tion turnip ulmic vegetable matter weight wheat wheat straw wood woody fibre yield
Passagens conhecidas
Página 30 - But the latter process does not go on so rapidly as the former ; so that, on the whole, plants when growing gain a large portion of carbon from the air.
Página 237 - THE BOOK OF THE FARM: BEING A SYSTEMATIC WORK ON, PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE, ON AN ENTIRELY NEW AND ORIGINAL PLAN. BY HENRY STEPHENS, Editor of " The Quarterly Journal of Agriculture," and " Prize Essays and Transactions of the HJ£klir,d and Agricultural Society of Scotland.
Página 36 - Ib. - - 371 - - 87£ of ulmic acid. 501b. - - 78* - - 122it 5011). 56 106 of vinegar. In the interior of the plant, therefore, it is obvious that, whichever of these substances be present in the sap, the elements are at hand out of which any of the others may be produced. In what way they really are produced, the one from the other, and by what circumstances these transformations are favoured, it would lead into too great detail to attempt here to explain. (For fuller and more precise explanations...
Página 222 - ... saline matter which ministers first to their own wants is afterwards surrendered by them to the animals they are destined to feed. Thus the dead earth and the living animal are but parts of the same system, — links in the same endless chain of natural existences, — the plant is the connecting bond by which they are tied together on the one hand, — the decaying animal matter which returns to the soil, connects them on the other.
Página 22 - ... plants. Nitric acid is also naturally formed, and in some countries probably in large quantities, by the passage of electricity through the atmosphere. The air, as has been already stated, contains much oxygen and nitrogen mixed together, but when an electric spark is passed through a quantity of air, a certain quantity of the two unite together chemically, so that every spark that passes forms a small portion of nitric acid. A flash of lightning is only a large electric spark ; and hence every...
Página 32 - is committed to the earth, if the warmth and moisture are favourable, it begins to sprout. It pushes a shoot upwards, it thrusts a root downwards ; but, until the leaf expands, and the root has fairly entered the soil, the young plant derives no nourishment other than water, either from the earth or from the air. It lives on the starch and gluten contained in the seed.
Página 53 - ... such as to make a sensible diminution in the valued rental. Such slow changes, however, have been seldom recorded; and hence the practical man is occasionally led to despise the clearest theoretical principles, because he has not happened to see them verified in his own limited experience, and to neglect, therefore, the suggestions and the wise precautions which these principles lay before him. General illustrations of this sure, slow decay may be met with in the agricultural history of almost...
Página 69 - the general result of the comparison of the soils of various districts with the rocks on which they immediately rest, has been that in almost every country the soils have as close a resemblance to the rocks beneath them, as the loose earth derived from the crumbling of a rock before our eyes bears to the rock of which it lately formed a part.
Página 57 - ... from the soil, and which, if not thus directly supplied, must be sought for by the slow extension of their roots through a greater depth and breadth of the earth in which they grow. The addition of manure to the soil, therefore, places within the easy reach of the roots, not only organic, but also inorganic food.