camp with regular walls the height of a man, and baftions planted with cannon, leaving only a paffage for coming in and going out of the camp. THIS was an unlucky ftep for the Germans: for, by that means, not only fourteen hundred recruits fell into the enemy's hands, and were all flain excepting thirty, but they alfo intercepted one hundred and fifty waggons carrying provifions to the imperial army from Peterwaradin, which was their grand ftorehoufe; befides one hundred fhips belonging to their futtlers. The imperialifts, after this lofs, perceiving no deliverance but in their fwords, on the 19th, armed with defpair, by break of day, put themfelves in a posture of battle, and marched directly towards the Turks; fo that about noon, both armies drawn up, faced each other at a small diftance. The prince of Baden commanded the right, and count Donewaldt (E) the left wing. A. D. 1691. THE Turkifb army confifted of about one hundred thou- The Turkfand men(F), of whom fixty thoufand were the beft foldiers in ith army the Othman empire; befides fifteen thousand of the veteran Janizaries. They were advantageoufly posted, having the Danube on their backs (G), and in their front a deep ditch, with earth thrown-up behind them. However their left wing (H) lay fomewhat more exposed than the right. On the other hand, the greater part of the imperial infantry was divided into twenty battalions, flanked with two regiments of horfe, and the greater part of the biggest cannon. The rest of the army was drawn-up in the ufual form: and, on the fignal of a bomb, all marched in an equal line, till within two hundred paces of the enemy; and then the cannon, on both fides, began to play. At first it was intended to attack the enemy's left wing (I), before the right, to give room for the (E) Or Tinevold, as Marfigli calls him he commanded the horfe; prince Lewis the infantry., (F) Our author, in another place, fays, that the Wazir had drawn from all parts no fewer than 80,000 good experienced foldiers; befides 10,000 ordered for Great Waradin, under the Serafkier Topal Huffeyn Pafbá of Siliftria. Afterwards they were faid to amount to 87,226 horfe and foot, being counted as they croffed the Save: befides 3000 feamén, fome Spabi's, and the rabble attending armies. 8 (G) The Danube also covered their left flank, as it did the right of the imperialists. Their right wing, which confifted of the cavalry under the Serafkier, was not fo well covered. Yet, being very numerous, they flanked the imperial horse. (H) Rather the right more than the left; or the infantry, which was more intrenched with the Danube, covering their flank. (I) Rather it should seem the right wing, for the left was attacked first, foot, A. D. foot, who were placed on the rifing of a hill, oppofite to the 1691. main intrenchment of the Turks, which was fortified with weighty pieces of cannon: alfo to charge the enemy's horfe drawn up below the hill in the plain, with intent, after having overthrown them, to force through the camp, to that part where the enemy was lefs fortified. IT feems the right wing, happening to be somewhat too forward, began the engagement before the left, hindered by the high grafs and bushes, could come up. But, being arrived at the very intrenchments of the enemy, the Janizaries fired on them fo furiously from their breast-work, that the regiment of Souches was forced to give way, till the foot joined them. And now both cavalry and infantry, advancing to the very brink of the trenches, the latter made feveral attacks on them; and, though fometimes repulfed, yet, being relieved and directed by the brave dukes of Holftein and Aremberg, they continued the fight from three in the afternoon till night. In this time, all the fuperior officers of the infantry were killed, excepting count Guido of Staremberg, and prince Charles of Vaudemont, who yet were both wounded. MEAN time the enemy, attacking their left wing, and flanking it, were bravely repulfed by Caftelli and Hoffkerchen: but the Turks, rallying all their horfe into a body, fell on with greater fury, and charged the brigade of general Sarau, which belonged to the right wing, and cut down two battalions; while thofe of Offing, Beck, with the old regiments of Staremberg and Brandenburg, fuffered very much. So that till fix o'clock fortune favoured the Turks; at which time things were in fuch a defperate condition, that the generals began to defpair of faving one man; for there was no place of retreat for them. However, animated by their danger, the imperialists began to redouble their endeavours: but were ready to turn their backs, when thofe, who kept the baggage, and remained for referves, advanced to their relief. At the fame time, the main body of the army, under the Brandenburg general Burfu and Brandt, coming up seasonably to fuccour count Sarau, he rallied again, and defended his poft till an hour before night: when the brigades of Hoffkirchen and Caftelli, with the right wing commanded by prince Lewis, advanced towards that fide of the enemy which was not intrenched; and at laft, forcing their camp, drove them from the rifing grounds, where they had planted their cannon. As foon as this was observed by the Hungarians and Rafcians, who now wanted to efcape, they refumed courage, and came thundering-on; cutting-down all before them in the camp, which opened a way for the right wing to ad : vance fo that the Turks, being thus hemmed-in, and attacked on all fides, in a narrow ground between their trenches and the Danube, they were defeated, and began to fly. The horfe, for the most part, escaped by the opening made for the right wing but the infantry continued to defend themfelves fo refolutely in their trenches, that, although the field was yielded to the imperialifts, yet they received here their greatest lofs; for this action coft the life of the duke of Holftein, fergeant-general, with a deluge of blood, to fubdue the already conquered enemy. The remainder of the Turkish cavalry, among whom was the prince Wazir himself, were forced to break their way through the narrow spaces between the lines; in which attempt many were flain, drowned, or mortally wounded. Among thefe laft were the prime Wazir, Serafkier, and Aga of the Janizaries; who all died of their wounds at Belgrade (K). A. D. 1691. BESIDES thefe, and many more principal officers, the Their lofs Turks were computed to have loft, at leaft, twenty-five thou- great. fand men (10,000 of them Janizaries), to three thousand one hundred and fixty-one of the imperialifts; among whom were many officers of note: and their wounded amounted to four thoufand one hundred and thirty-fix. Here the prince of Baden, to fay nothing of the other generals, got immortal honour; and the booty was very great: for, befide one hundred and fifty-four pieces of cannon, there were a great number of enfigns, with the grand Wazir's standard; ten thoufand tents; ten waggon-loads of copper-money in the Wazir's tent; fifty-four trunks in that of the treasurer, twelve in filver; and twenty-four chefts of Kaftans, or vests. THE news of this great defeat coming to the Soltán at Adrianople, he made Ali, Pafbâ of Scio, and Kychaya to Kyoprili, grand Wazir in his room, and fent him to Belgrade. Thither Sir William Huffey, and Mr. Collier, defigned to accompany him to mediate a peace. But Sir William dying on the 14th of September, an end was put to the treaty; and the French ambaffador encouraging the Turks by a powerful invafion in Germany, a continuance of the war was refolved on: notwithstanding the great distress which the Othmân empire was in, for want of men, money, and bread. MEAN time, a confequence of the battle of Salankemen, Other adbefides the taking of Lippa by Veterani, was the desertion of vantages. (K) The Turks fay, he died in the field of battle, not flying, but in poffeffion of the victory. Which party is to be believed? The Turks perhaps in the first Brodt, A. D. Brodt, in Sclavonia, by the Turks; who were defeated like1691. wife in feveral small rencounters: but the prince of Baden's main defign was upon turning the blockade of Great Waradin into a formal fiege, which he did in October. However, although the Turks, to avoid a storm, deserted the city, and half the fortrefs was deftroyed by a bomb falling into their magazine of powder; yet winter coming-on, and the befieged refolutely holding-out, he was obliged to turn the fiege again into a blockade, after building a fort which comAffairs of manded the fortrefs. the Arabs, of the Poles, In the beginning of the year 1692, two Arab Amîrs, infesting the country about Damaskus, ftopped the karawâns going to Mekka, till they paid Kafar, or custom, and the arrears due to them from the Soltân, on account of the pilgrims, were discharged. In February, a Perfian ambaffador arrived at Adrianople, with three hundred thirty-eight perfons in his retinue, and fixty camels laden with presents for the Soltan. He was lodged in a magnificent palace, and had his kitchen furniture all of filver. He came to congratulate the Soltán on his acceffion to the throne; and made the longer ftay under pretence of renewing the ancient leagues, in order to pry into the weak condition of the Turks: who, to conceal their distresses from him, wanted him to be gone. About the fame time Tekeli arrived at court, where, at the folicitation of Chateau Neuf, the French ambaffador, he had great honours done him by the Wazir; after which he returned to Hungary b. DURING the transactions at the Save, the Poles, in the laft month of this year, pass the Tyras (or Niefter), and make an expedition into Baffarabia: but, being preffed with want of provifions, they, on report of the Serafkier, Buyukli Moftafa Pafba's approach, return home without doing any thing remarkable. and Vene- MEAN time the war, between the Venetians and Turks, is tians. carried on by artifice rather than arms: for the latter became mafters of Garbusa, an almost impregnable castle in Kandia, by the treachery of a Spanish officer (L). They attempt the fame at Suda and Spina longa; but the Venetians, more watchful of thofe fortreffes, difcover their defign, and put the confpirators to death. RICAUT, in Achmet. (L) Named Aloyfius, to be revenged on the governor of Gar bufa, who, as he faid, had ravifhed his wife.-Cant. Wazîr. In the interim, Arabâji Ali Pashâ(M), Kaymaykam of Con- A. D. ftantinople (a man inferior to many in abilities, but to none in 1691. wickednefs) being made Wazir by Soltan Ahmed, in the roomr of Kyoprili Ogli, he revives the talk of peace, and lends a fa-Wicked vourable ear to the ambaffadors of Christian princes; especially Paget (N), the English, and Collier (O), the Dutch, who were fent for that purpose to the Porte. But, being informed by Mauro Kordatus, that Germany was fo exhausted of men and money, that, very probably, the emperor could not fupport the war above a year or two longer; he immediately cuts-off all hopes of peace (P), and applies himself wholly to renew the war: pursuing fuch measures as might at once fupply the exigencies of the treasury, and remove out of the way men of fuperior abilities to his own. Accordingly, he puts to death many eminent perfons of the first rank, under various pretences, and confifcates their eftates. Not content with this, he orders even the Janizaries, and common foldiers, diftinguished for their bravery, to be thrown, privately by night, into the fea; that no perfon might be left alive, who should be efteemed more worthy of the Wazirship than himself. THIS cruelty being frequently complained of to the court, Peace laid and those perfons, whofe lives were spared by accident, or afide. (M) Arabaji fignifies a waggon maker or waggon-driver; a furname given him either as having been fuch, or because of his ftupidity. Cant. (N) He was of a noble family,very learned, and well fkilled in the Greek and Turkish languages, befides other fciences. Was very prudent, and perfectly understood the way of obtaining any thing from the Turks, among whom he left a very good name. Cant.-This was lord Paget. (0) Born at Smyrna, where his father was conful; and, hav. ing in his youth, learned the functions of an ambaffador, as well as the Greek and Turkish, he was reckoned the wifeft and moft civil of all the ambaffadors among the Turks. As he alfo freely entertained the cour tiers, greedy of wine, he got (P) Ricaut fays, it was looked matia. Arabaji's |