"Person" includes "corporation." Missouri Pacific R. Co. v. Mackey, 127 U. S. 205; Home Ins. Co. v. People, 134 U. S. 594. See, also, State v. Waterloo, etc.. 1 Iowa, 226; 60 Am. Rep. 786; Minneapolis, etc., R. Co. v. Beckwith, 129 U. S. 26. But corporations are not citizens.' Pembina Mining Co. v. Pennsylvania, 125 U. S. 181.

A state may pass laws regulating the privileges and Immunitles of its own citizens, which do not abridge their privileges and immunities as citizens of the United States, Presser v. Illinois, 116 U. S. 252.

The right to sell intoxicating liquors is not one of the "privileges and immunities." etc. Matter of Hoover, 30 Fed. Rep'r, 51.

A resident of a state is not a citizen there unless he intends by residence therein to become a citizen, Sharon v. Hill, 26 Fed. Rep`r, 337.

This amendment does not interfere with the police power of the states. Barbier v. Connolly, 113 U. S. 27; Powell v. Penn., 127 id. 678; Mugler v. Ken-as. 123 U. S.

But the exercise of the police power by the states does not warrant the enactment of laws infringing positive provisions of the federal constitution. Walling v. Michigan, 116 U. S. 446.

See generally under this section Freeland v. Williams, 131 U. S. 405; Minne apolis, etc., R. Co. v. State, 131 id. 457; Palmer v. McMahon, 133 id. 660; Bell's Gap R. Co. v. Com., 131 id. 232: Eilenbecker v. District Court, etc., 134 U. S. 13 Martin v. Central Vermont R. Co., 50 Hun, 347; Matter of Wortman. 22 Abb. N. C. 142; Foster v. Kansas, 112 U. S. 201; Head v. Amoskeag Manfg Co., 11311.9: Provident Inst. v. Jersey City, id. 506; Wurts v. Hoagland, 114 id. 606: Missouri, etc., v. Humes, 115 id, 512; Campbell v. Hott, id. 620 Dow v. Biedelman, 125 il. 680; Matter of Ziebold, 23 Fed. Repr, 791; Dent v. State, 129 U. 8. 114: Walston v. Nevin, 128 id. 578; Mugler v. Kansas, 123 11. 623; City of Janesville v. Carpenter, 8 L. R. A. 813; Singer v. State, id. 551: Pembina, etc., Co. v. Pennsylvania, 125 U. S. 181; Spencer v. Merchant, 125 U. S. 343; Chicago, etc.. R. Co. v. State, 41 Alb. L. J. 325; People v. Fire Asan of Philadelphio, 92 N. Y. 324; People, ex rel. King, v.Gallagher, 11 Abb. N. C. 187: 93 N. Y. 438; People v. Marr, 99 id. 386: Duquesne Club v. Penn Bank, 35 Hun, 392; People v. Williams, id. 522; People v. Budd, 117 N. Y. 1.

SECTION 2.

Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons ia cach state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for president and vice-president of the United States, representatives in congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state.

ARTICLE XIVContinued.

SECTION 3.

No person shall be a senator or representative in congress, or elector of president and vice-president, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath as a member of congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But congress may, by a vote of twothirds of each house, remove such disability.

SECTION 4.

The validity of the public debt of the United States authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void.

SECTION 5.

The congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

See 24 Am. L. Rev. 908; Munn v. Illinois, 94 U. S. 113: United States v. Cruikshank, 92 id. 542; Kennard v. Louisiana, id. 480; Walker v. Saurinet, id. 90; Minor v. Happerset, 21 Wall. 162: Bartemeyer v. Iowa, 18 id. 129; Bradwell v. State, 16 id, 130; People v. Budd, 117 N. Y. 1.

ARTICLE XV.*

SECTION 1.

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall

*Proposed by congress February 27, 1869. Ratification announced by Secretary of State March 30, 1870.

ARTICLE XV-Continued.

not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

SECTION 2.

The congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

ee Elk v. Wilkins, 112 U. S. 94: Matter of Yarbrough, 110 1d. 651; Friessleben v. Shallcross, 8 L. R. A. 347.

This amendment does not confer the right of suffrage on any one, but prerents the states or the United States, however, from giving preference in this particular to one citizen of the United States over another on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. U. S. v. Reese, 92 U. S. 214; U. S. v. Cruikshank, id. 542.