he has placed an urn, adorned with masks, on a pedestal, and the following lines, to her memory: Ye Smiles and Jefts, ftill hover round; H. W. The house is now the refidence of Mifs Mary and Mifs Agnes Berry. STRETHAM, a village, in the road to Croydon, five M. F. L. The Duke of Bedford is Lord of the Manor, and his feat here is the refidence of Lord William Ruffel. In the road from this village to Tooting is the villa of Mr. Gabriel Piozzi, who married the widow of the late Henry Thrale, Efq. a lady celebrated for her literary accomplifhments. During the lifetime of Mr. Thrale, the late Dr. Johnfon frequently refided here, and experienced that fincere refpect to which his virtues and talents were entitled, and those foothing attentions which his ill-health and melancholy demanded. Stretham was once frequented for its medicinal waters. SUDBROOK, the feat and fine park of Lady Greenwich, between Richmond and Kingston. The park extends to the Thames. SUNDRIDGE, a village in Kent, between Wefterham and Sevenoaks. See Combank. SUNDRIDGE HOUSE, late the elegant feat, beautiful park, and extensive pleasure grounds of William Wilfon, Efq. in the parish of Bromley, in Kent. This eftate, including the manor, and a pretty villa in the occupation of Mr. Pinchbeck, were fold by auction, June 1, 1792, for £18,000. to George Lynd, Éfq. SUNBURY, a village, in Middlefex, on the Thames, 16 M. F. L contains the fine feat of the late Earl of Pomfret, now of John Richardson, Efq. This feems to be an epitome of part of the façade of Hampton Court, and has often borne the appellation of that palace in miniature. Here alfo are the villas of Lord Hawke, Mr. Boehm, Mr. Parker, and Mr. Crofier, late Lord Montford's. SUN SUNNING HILL, a village in Berks, in Windsor Foreft, and in the road through the Great Park to Reading, is noted for its fine fituation, and for its medicinal wells, which are efficacious in paralytic cafes. SUTTON PLACE, in the parish of Woking in Surry, a noble brick manor-house, built by Sir Richard Weston in 1530. It had a ftately gate-houfe, and high tower, with a turret at each angle. The window mouldings within the house, and quoins of the walis, are all of baked white clay, as perfect now as when the house was built. Here Queen Elizabeth was entertained, in 1591, in her way to Chichester. Mariana Wefton, the heiress of the family, lived to a great age, and, at her death, left the ef tate to Mr. Webb, of Sam's Court, in Herefordshire, who has taken down the gate fide, and half the two other fides, much improved the whole, and made it his refidence. SWAŃSCOMBE, two miles from Gravesend, has the remains of camps and forts, fupposed to be Danish. This is faid to be the place where the Kentish men, with boughs in their hands, like a moving wood, furprifed William the Conqueror, and, throwing down their boughs, threatened battle, if they had not their ancient customs and franchises granted to them; to which he immediately confented. "But the fact," fays Dr. Aikin, is doubted; though it is certain, that many peculiar customs ftill remain in Kent, one of the most remarkable of which is that of gravelkind, or the equal diftribution of landed property among all the fons of a family." See Ingrefs. 66 SYDENHAM, a village in Kent, on a fine hill, eight M. F. L. famous for its medicinal wells. T TA ADWORTH COURT, the feat of Richard Lad broke, Efq. on Walton Heath, near Gatton. TAPLOE, a village in Bucks, 25 M. F. L. finely elevated above the north bank of the Thames, is diftinguished by its noble woodlands and picturefque appearance, and is adorned with many handfome houses. Taploe houfe L 2 the the ancient and venerable feat of the Earl of Inchiquin, embofomed with wood, ftands on the fummit of the hill. On a fine eminence in the park, is an aged oak, faid to have been planted by Queen Elizabeth, when in confinement here. "But I fufpect," fays Mr. Ireland, "that it muft, at that period, have been of fufficient growth to afford ample fhade to her majefty, which could not have been the cafe had the planted it herself. It is the noble remains of a very aged tree, "Whose antique root peeps out "Upon the brook that brawls along the wood." TEDDINGTON, a village in Middlefex, between Hampton Court and Twickenham, 12 M. F. L. The living is a perpetual curacy, which was enjoyed by the Rev. Dr. Stephen Hales, from the year 1710, to his death in 1761. This good man and great philofopher is interred in the church, under the tower, which he had erected, at his own expence, a fhort time before his decease. There are a few good houfes in this village, on the banks of the Thames; particularly, an ancient feat of the late Lord Dudley, now Mr. Taylor's; a large one, built by the late Mofes Franks, Efq. who difplayed great taste in the house and extenfive gardens; and the neat villa of Mr. Udney, who has a fine collection of pictures. Mr. Franks's house is in chancery, and, confequently, uninhabited. : THAMES, the finest river in Great Britain, and the principal fupport and ornament of the Metropolis, is faid, by fome writers, to take its rife at a place called Seven Wells Head, in the vicinity of Cobberly in Gloucefterfhire but Mr. Ireland (who has traced this river from its fource to its influx into the fea, and enriched his account with a series of beautiful picturefque views of its various fcenery) has more accurately derived its rife from a copious fpring, called Thames Head, near the village of Tarleton, about two miles S. W. from Cirencester. It has been erroneoufly fuppofed that the name of this river is the Is, till it arrives at Dorchefter, more than 15 miles below Oxford, when, being joined by the Thame, it al- ́ fumes the name of the Thames, which, it has been obferved, is evidently formed from a combination of the words words Thame and Ifis; the fuppofed conflux of which gave rife to a Poem of fome merit, entitled "The Marriage of the Thame and Ifis." What was the origin of this vulgar error, and at what period it began to prevail, cannot now be traced. Poetical fiction, however, has perpetuated this error, and invefted it with a kind of claffical fanctity. But we are difpofed, with Mr. Ireland, to rely on the authority of Camden: "It plainly appears," fays this judicious, antiquary," that the river was always called Thames or Tems; before it came near the Thame; and in feveral ancient charters granted to the abbey of Malmfbury, as well as that of Enefham, and, in the old deeds relating to Cricklade, it is never confidered under any other name than that of Thames." He likewife fays, that it occurs no where under the name of Ifis. All the hiftorians, who mention the incurfions of Ethelwold into Wiltshire, in the year 905, or of Canute, in 1016, concur likewife in the fame opinion, by declaring, "that they paffed over the Thames at Cricklade in Wiltshire. It is not probable, moreover, that "The Thames Head," an appellation by which the fource has ufually been diftinguifhed, fhould give birth to a river of the name of Ifis; which river, after having run half its courfe, fhould reaffume the name of Thames, the appellation of its parent fpring.* The great fupply of water that fwells the Thames Head, is occafioned by the first heavy fall of fnow and rain in the winter feason, from different parts of the wolds or hills in Gloucestershire; which, pouring into the vallies beneath, unites with the fprings in Kemble Vale, contiguous to the Thames Head. About a mile below the furface of the river, is the first corn-mill, which is called Kemble Mill, near which the * Under the name of Thames is included its principal branch of the Ifis; for, in fact, the beft writers affert, that Ifis is a mere poetical name, not known by the inhabitants of its banks, who uniformly call the principal river, the Thames, quite up to its head. Ifis is the ancient name Qufe, common to fo many rivers, latinized. The Tame, commonly fuppofed to give name to the Thames, is an inconfiderable rivulet, which, flowing by the town of Tame, bends round to meet the imaginary Ifis above Wallingford. Aikin's, England Delineated, Page 180, 182. ftream receives confiderable acceffion from feveral fprings iffuing out of the eastern side of the wolds, as well as from others that flow from Afh Coppice, and the vicinity of Somerford. At this place, the river may properly be faid to form a conftant current; which, though not more than nine feet wide in the fummer months, yet, in the winter feason, becomes fuch a torrent, as to overflow the neighbouring meadows for many miles around; "When the calm river, rais'd with fudden rains, "Or fnows diffolv'd, o'erflows th' adjoining plains." In the fummer months, the Thames Head is fo perfectly dry, as to appear no other than a large dell, interfperfed with ftones and weeds.* From Somerford the ftreams winds to Cricklade, where it unites with the Churn and other rivulets from Malmbury, Barnefly, and the eaftern fide of Wiltshire. Approaching Kempsford it again enters its native county, dividing it from Berkshire at Ingletham. It widens confiderably in its way to Lechlade; and, being there joined by the Lech and the Coln, at the distance of 138 M. F. L. it becomes navigable for veffels of 90 tons burthen. At Enfham, in its courfe N. E. to Oxford, is the firft bridge of ftone; a handsome one, of three arches, built by the Earl of Abingdon. Paffing by the ruins of Godftow Nunnery, where the celebrated Fair Rofamond was interred, the river reaches Oxford, in whofe academic groves, its poetical name of Ifis has been fo often invoked. Being there joined by the Charwell, it proceeds S. E. to Abingdon, and thence to Dorchester, where it receives the Thames. Continuing its courfe S. E. by Wallingford to Reading, and forming a boundary to the counties of Berks, Bucks, Surry, Middlesex, Effex and Kent, it washes the towns of Henley, Marlow, Maidenhead, Windfor, Eton, Egham, Staines, Chertfey, Weybridge, Shepperton, Walton, Sunbury, Eaft and Weft Moulfey, Hampton, Thames Ditton, Kingston, Teddington, Twickenham, Richmond, Ifleworth, Brentford, Kew, * Picturesque Views on the River Thames, from its Source in Glou cestershire to the Nore, by Samuel Ireland, 2 Vol. large 8vo. Mortlake, |