ton, for pantomines, rope-dancing, &c. and Mr. Aftley's Amphitheatre, near Westminster Bridge, for equestrian exercises, and other amufements, meet with confiderable fuccefs. For the higher ranks of life, there are many noble rooms for concerts; as in Hanover Square; the Freemafon's Tavern, in Great Queen-street, Lincoln's-Inn Fields; the Crown and Anchor Tavern in the Strand. Ranelagh and Vauxhall are defcribed in the following Tour.

Of the Public Halls, the moft diftinguished in point of architecture, are Surgeons Hall, in the Old Bailey; Goldfmiths Hall in Fofter Lane; Ironmongers Hall, in Fenchurch Street; and Fishmongers Hall, near London Bridge. We mention Stationers Hall, in Ludgate Street, and Apothecaries Hall, near Bridge Street, Blackfriars, because, in the former, a great trade is carried on in almanacks and fchool-books; and, in the latter, great quantities of chemical and galenical preparations are vended, although no prefcriptions are made up.

The principal hofpitals are Chrift's Hospital, near Newgate Street, a royal foundation, for orphans and poor children; St Bartholomew's Hospital, in Weft Smithfield, another royal foundation for the fick and lame; Bridewell, in Bridge Street, Blackfriars, once a royal palace, but now a royal hofpital, for the apprenticing of the induftrious youth, and a prifon for the diffolute; Bethlem, in Moorfields, another royal hofpital (united to Bridewell) which, with the hofpital of St. Luke's in Moorfields, was built for lunaticks; St. Thomas's, in the Borough, the fourth royal hofpital, for the fick and lame; and for the fame purpose are Guy's Hofpital adjoining; the London Hofpital, in Whitechapel Road; the Middlefex Hofpital, near Berners Street; and St. George's Hofpital, near Hyde Park Corner. The Foundling Hospital, in Lamb's Conduit Fields; the Afylum at Lambeth, for orphan girls; the Magdalen Hofpital in St. George's Fields, for penitent proftitutes; the Marine Society in Bishopfgate Street; the Small Pox Hofpital at Clerkenwell and Pancras; the Weftminfter lying-inHofpital, and many others for the fame purpose, are alfo excellent inftitutions. A great number of Difpenfaries, for

the

the relief of the poor, have been lately established, by voluntary contributions, for difpenfing medicines to the fick, who keep to their houses, under the direction of a phyfician to each difpenfary and proper affiftants.

Of Prisons there are a melancholy number; the principal · are Newgate, a ftupendous ftructure; the New Compter, in Giltfpur-ftreet; the Fleet Prifon for Debtors; and the King's Bench in St. George's Fields, for the fame purpose.

Many of the public Squares and Streets in the Metropolis are truly magnificent; and many of those which cannot boaft of grandeur are long, fpacious, and airy.

Lo! ftately streets, lo! ample fquares invite
The falutary gale that breathes delight.

SAVAGE.

Bedford Square,

The principal public Squares are Berkely Square, Bloomsbury Square, Cavendish Square, Finsbury Square, Golden Square, Grofvenor Square, Hanover Square, Leicester Square, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Manchefter Square, Portman Square, Queen's Square Bloomfbury, Red Lion Square, St. James's Square, Soho Square, &c.-Portland Place forms, perhaps, the moft magnificent ftreet in the world; Stratford Place is truly elegant; and the Adelphi Terrace, to whatever criticifm it may be liable in point of architecture, is the admiration of foreigners, for the noble view which it affords of the river, the bridges, and other public buildings, and of the fine hills beyond Southwark and Lambeth.

Having extended this Introduction to our Tour to fome length, we fhall refer our readers to Mr. Payne's New Syftem of Geography already mentioned, for fome judicious obfervations on the trade and manufactures carried on in the Metropolis, its population, and the late prodigious increase of buildings in every part of its environs. Of the peculiarities of its fituation, and the general caufes which have raised it to fuch immenfe bulk and opulence, the reader will find an excellent account in " England Delineated," by Dr. Aikin.

AMBULATOR

OR, A

TOUR ROUND LONDON.

✪ THE LETTERS M. F. L. SIGNIFY MILES FROM

LONDON.

A...

BBOT'S LANGLEY, a village in Herts, four miles

A from St. Alban's, famous for being the birth-place of

Nicholas Breakfpeare, the only Englishman that obtained the papal dignity. Such was the unbounded pride of this pontiff, who affumed the name of Adrian IV, that when the Emperor Frederick the first went to Rome, in 1155, to receive the imperial diadem, the Pope, after many difficulties concerning the ceremonial of inveftiture, infifted that the Emperor fhould proftrate himself before him, kifs his feet, hold his stirrup, and lead the white palfrey on which the holy father rode. Frederick did not fubmit to this humiliation without reluctance; and, as he took hold of the wrong ftirrup, he obferved, that " he had not yet been taught the profeffion of a groom." On a fubfequent difpute, this Pope wrote a letter to the degraded monarch, the following paffage of which difplays the deteftable policy and pretenfions of the court of Rome, in

thofe gloomy ages; "Whatever you have as Emperor,

C

you

you have from us; for as Pope Zacharias transferred the empire from the Greeks to the Germans, so can we transfer it from the Germans to the Greeks. It is in our power to bestow it upon whom we will. Besides, we are appointed by God to rule over kingdoms and nations, that we may deftroy, pluck up, build, plant, &c."-Yet did this haughty Pope leave his mother to be maintained by the alms of the church of Canterbury.-Langley Bury, near this village, was built by Lord Chief Justice Raymond, who bequeathed it to Sir John Filmer, Bart. It is the refidence of Mr. Baron Hotham.-Here alfo is Cecil Lodge, one of the feats of the Marquis of Salisbury, which was purchased by his lordship, for his refidence during the lifetime of his father.

ACTON, EAST and WEST, two villages, five M. F. L. on the Oxford road. At Weft Acton is the house and extenfive gardens of Lt. Gen. Morris. Eaft Acton is noted for its medicinal wells.

ADDINGTON, a village near Croydon, on the defcent of a high common. The lord of the manor holds it by the service of making his majesty a mefs of pottage in an earthen pot, in the king's kitchen, at his coronation.

ADDINGTON PLACE, in the fame parish, is the feat of James Trecothick, Efq.

ADDISCOMBE PLACE, the feat of Lord Hawefbury, near Croydon, was built about 80 years ago, by William Draper, Efq. It defcended to Captain Clarke, whofe fon is the proprietor. In this houfe are feveral fine paintings; and Lord Hawkesbury, who has a lease of it for his life, has lately beautified it, and improved the plantations. On the east front of the house is the following infcription in Roman capitals; "Non faciam vitio culpâve minorem-I will not reduce the estate by any vice or folly of mine."

ALBAN's, St. an ancient borough in Herts, 21 M. F. L. fo called from St. Alban, who was born here of Pagan parents, but, having been converted to the Chriftian faith, he was the first martyr in England, and was interred on a hill in the neighbourhood of this town. A monaftery was erected and dedicated to him by King Offa. Edward

VI

VI incorporated this town, which is governed by a mayor, high-steward, recorder, 12 aldermen, &c. Here are three churches, befide the ancient one, called St. Alban's, belonging to the monaftary, which is now a parish church, having been purchased by the inhabitants, of Edward VI, for 400l.

In this ancient edifice is a monument of Offa, who is represented feated on his throne, with a Latin inscription, thus tranflated:

The founder of the church, about the year 793,
Whom you behold ill painted on his throne
Sublime, was once for MERCIAN OFFA known.

The fhrine of St. Alban ftood on the east part of the church: in the pavement are fix holes, wherein the fupporters of it were fixed: the following infcription is also ftill to be feen :

S. Albanus Verolamenfis, Anglorum Protomartyr, 17 Junii 293.

In the north-eaft corner is an old gallery, and on the edges are carved figures of all those wild beasts which used to infeft this part of the island.

In the fouth aifle is the monument of Humphry, brother to King Henry V, commonly diftinguished by the title of the Good Duke of Gloucefter. It is adorned with a ducal coronet, and the arms of France and England quartered. In niches on one fide are feventeen Kings; but in the niches on the other fide there are no ftatues remaining. The infcription, in Latin, alludes to the pretended miraculous cure of a blind man detected by the Duke, and may be thus tranflated:

Sacred to the memory of the best of men.

Interr'd within this confecrated ground,
Lies he whom Henry his protector found:

Good Humphry, Glofter's Duke, who well could spy
Fraud couch'd within the blind impoftor's eye.
His country's light, the state's rever'd fupport,
Who peace and rifing learning deign'd to court;
Whence his rich library; at Oxford plac'd,
Her ample schools with facred influence grac'd:
Са

Yet