secured under the voluntary system. Though the very highest prices have been offered during the past season, yet labor could not be procured, and the planter had the mortification to see his cane rot in the field. 18. 5d. a man. Carrots generally come to the hoe in seven weeks from sowing. The reason of mine being longer, I apprehend to be partly from a cold backward spring, and partly from the seed being old. New sced is a very material article in order It seems that the expectation of the English go-to succeed in a carrot crop. It will come up a vernment has been that the negroes would contin- week sooner than the old seed, and consequently ue the laboring part of the population, and that the crop will get a week's advantage of the weeds, the planters, for a small compensation, would be much to the benefit of hoeing, upon which operaable to direct their labor; and to this end it seems tion the whole difficulty of succeeding is placed. most of their laws and regulations for the island N. B. it is better to sow five pounds instead of have been framed. But though such an idea may four of seed per acre, in order to guard against a have been conceived by those acquainted with the bad season or bad seed; and the hoers, from the English only, (who in fact are but appendages of smallness of the plants, are more apt to leave too the soil, and who feel a dependence on the farmer few than too many. As it is very difficult to be involving a state of slavery almost as absolute as sure of getting new seed from gardeners, it would that which exists between master and slave,) yet answer very well to any one who intends cultivatno legislation, other than that establishing absoluteing carrots to grow his own seed; this I attempted slavery, can create such a state of things in the afterwards, but the hares eating the roots up, I got island of Jamaica. Placed within the tropics, in it from Wethersfield in Essex, where I have ala climate relaxing, enervating, and indisposing to ways been supplied with good seed, the price vaexertion, where the various fruits and esculent rying from 6d. to 2s. 6d. a pound. Hoeing two roots, produced almost without labor, and the most acres and a half by workmen at 1s. 4d. a day, cost appropriate and pleasant sustenance, and where me 31. 14s. or 11. 12s. per acre. Run them over clothes and the ornaments of dress are but an in- a third time by my harvest-men, worth about 2s. cumbrance, man is free to labor, or consult his ease, an acre. October 10th, began to take up the without the fear of starvation. Such is not the crop which I let out to the workmen at three farcase in England; provision must be made for a things a bushel, topping, tailing, and measuring long and severe winter, clothing, fuel, shelter and included. Mem. One half-penny is good pay for wherewithal to keep soul and body together; this it, and has always been taken at that price since it is which brings the laborer in such absolute by the workmen. Product of the two acres and a subservience to the farmer. The planters of Ja-half, 851 bushels, sold at 8d. per bushel. All exmaica must be considered peculiarly unfortunate, penses paid I cleared 201. induced to purchase land and populate it with 1772.-Sowed one acre and a quarter, March negroes under the particular patronage of the go- 24th, six pounds seed per acre; April 10th, three vernment, and finally abandoned by that govern- acres more 44 pounds per acre; began to hoe June ment to the tender mercies of a puritanical tribe, 1st, at 30s. per acre, twice hoeing. Mem. Hoed who under the cloak of religion are carrying dis- about 10 rod per man per day. June 11th, harorder and confusion in the very bosom of society. rowed one acre after being hoed a week, but tore The state of the country is already such as to in-up many young carrots, and did considerable damduce the governor to abolish the militia, he deem-age. August 1st, began to hand-weed by women ing it unsafe that a part of the population should at 1s. per acre. October 27th, began to take them be entrusted with arms, where so much excitement up at one half-penny a bushel, topping, &c. inexists. I learned that it was in contemplation to man cluded; finished November 14th. Total produce the forts on the sea coast with black soldiers, regu- 1040 bushels, or 250 per acre. larly enlisted, and remove the English to the mountain barracks, by which their health and comfort would be promoted. This may be but the beginning of a more general use of the blacks for soldiers, and in a particular emergency they might avail the English something, as their sacrifice would be an object of but small consideration with those who have taken them under their fostering care. EXPERIMENTS ON CARROTS. By the Rev. Mr. Carter, of Flempton, Suffolk. From Young's Annals of Agriculture. The soil on which the following trials were made is sand, about 18 inches deep, upon an imperfect clay bottom. 1771.-March 18th, sowed one acre with carrotseed; April 5th another; and the end of the month a third: four pound of seed per acre. Began to hoe May 27th; put out an acre at 17. 18. but the workmen found the plants so very small and full of weeds, that they could not go on by the acre, which obliged me to get them hoed by the day at Hoeing as above, Expenses. 24 pounds of sǝcd at 2s. £6 7 6 0 4 3 2 3 4 280 11 3 1 Mem. My man thinks that six bushels of carrots do not more than equal one of oats for horses; in which case the value of carrots is 4d. a bushel oats being 2s. 1773. Februrary 2nd, sowed one acre and 20 rod with 10 pounds of seed; began to hoe May 0 10 0 £3 3 1 14th, the weather turned out very rainy, so that | Average 326 bush, which at d. are, 0 13 7 they could not finish till the 29th. Part of it let Suppose rent, &c. &c. to be out at 24. per rod the first hoeing; the rest by the day, at 1s. 4d. a man, cost rather more than 1d. per rod. June 7th, began to hoe a second time at 18. 4d. a day; cost 18s. or not quite 14d. per rod, The crop at 326 bushels, the prime cost of the or per acre 16s. Sd. First hoeing 11. Began to carrots is something better than 24d. per bushel. take up October 25th, at d. per bushel. Produce Suppose them consumed at home, to pay 4d. per 455 bushels, sold at 6d. a bushel. bushel, the profit would be 13d., or per acre (at 1779.-Began to sow one acre April 22nd. Be-326 bushels) 21. 7s. 6d. which would answer pergan to hoe June 1st, and continued it occasionally fectly well. Are they worth 4d.? Fiat experitill August. Produce, besides many stolen, 368 mentum. bushels: sold to Lord Grosvenor at Newmarket, for 8d. a bushel, paid 2d. for carriage, 6d. therefore nett. The carrots were given to hogs more than once; some seemed to thrive tolerably for a time; with others they were prejudicial. Upon the whole, I can value carrots for hogs at not more than 3d. and not to be depended on at any price. They are better for horses than for hogs, especially for such as are broken-winded; but not to be relied on as a food instead of oats, being chiefly to be considered as a luxury or physic. If ever Mr. Carter makes any trials to ascertain this point, I have no doubt of their being very valuable, since no man is more accurate or more attentive. A. Y. METHOD OF PERFORATING GLASS. By Mr. Albrecht. Put a drop of spirits of turpentine on the place where the hole is to be made, and in the middle In respect to their effect for succeeding crops, of this drop a small piece of camphor. The hole the soil is light and sandy, and consequently very can then be made without difficulty by means of a subject to spear grass (triticum repens) which hoe- well tempered borer or a triangular file. Solid turing rather increases than destroys; and I could ne-pentine answers as well as a mixture of the oil or ver find that the land was in order for barley to lay spirit and camphor.—Annales des Mines. down with clover, so that I have generally sowed them after wheat, in order for the turnips to follow; and have found much labor necessary to free the land from the spear grass. In a word, they can never be introduced in courses, as turnips are; to sell, they are highly advantageous, but the The bore which has been going on for so long demand is nothing: the culture should, therefore, a period near Paris, has now reached the depth of be confined to a small space of land for the parti-410 metres (or about 1345 feet) and the funds cular uses I have just mentioned.* Observations. By the Editor. THE DEEPEST ARTESIAN WELL. From the Mining Journal. being exhausted, M. Elie de Beaumont has been requested to examine the matters lately brought My own experience in the culture of this root up by the auger, and to say whether they afford is rather different from my friend's, in several any indication by which the thickness of the bed particulars; but this by no means impeaches ei- to be pierced, before arriving at the sand, may ther his practice or mine, for our soils are equally be gathered. M. de Beaumont has accordingly different. I have found carrots to clean the land given his opinion, that the bore has reached the better, I think, than any other crop I cultivate, lower beds of the chalk formation, and that the and had the pleasure, two years ago, of showing marls and gault which still intervene between the a crop of barley to Mr. Carter after them, that bore and the stratum where the water will be was absolutely clean. But I am very little trou-found, will, probably, be less than 100 metres bled with spear-grass, which certainly multiplies thick, (328 feet.) If M. de Beaumont's anticipain sand vastly more than in other soils, and ac- tion should prove correct, the well should have a counts for the different results of our trials. The depth of 1600 feet, at which depth, according to great object is the value of the root consumed at recent calculations, the water should have a temhome. Mr. Carter's expenses may be thus cal-perature sufficiently high to furnish Paris with an abundant supply of hot water for baths and for culated. Seed, five pounds at 1s. and sowing, 1772, 1 11 0 Taking up, at d. per bush. 1772, 1773, 1779, 250 404 368 £0 5 6 many other purposes. 1 14 0 NATURAL DISCHARGE OF INFLAMMABLE GAS. 1 19 6 I should observe, that Mr. Carter did not draw up this account with any intention of printing it, but merely for his own private use; I persuaded him to let me copy it for this work; it is accordingly transcribed verbatim from the journal-book of his farm. From the American Journal of Science. Inflammable Gas-Carburetted Hydrogen. Disengaged in many places-at Albany, from a boring in the slate, where a saline carbonated water is discharged-at the Oneida springs in Vernon-in the Ontario gas springs, on both sides of the Canandaigua lake-in Bristol, nine miles from the village, and within three miles of it—in the Niagara gas springs near Lockport, and so abundantly in a particular place, that it has been called Gasport. Most remarkable in Fredonia, Chautauque at page 456, of the last volume of the Farmers' county, three miles south of lake Erie, from the Register-which is very creditably drawn up, and bituminous slate under Canadanea Creek. Bub-deficient in only one particular-appears to consibles of gas every where rise though the water, der it an entirely new species. From its habitat, and most abundantly at and below the bridge. The gas burns with a white flame, tinged with yellow above and with blue below the burner. I had no reason to suppose it would come under my observation; but as it was intimated, on the authority of Loudon, that there is only one Ame"The illuminating power of this gas and its rican species of veronica, and our books enumeabundant supply, suggested the idea of its em-rate as many as ten or twelve, I was induced to ployment in lighting the village. A copious dis- pursue the subject by sending the description and charge of the gas was observed issuing from a engraving to some persons who might probably fissure in the rock which forms the bed of the creek, be acquainted with the plant. The result of the which it was thought could be diverted to a bo-inquiry is now given; and it is interesting to find ring on the bank. A shaft was accordingly sunk that though the species extends to other portions through the slate about twenty-two feet in depth, of the country, its existence appears to be confined which occasionally passed through layers of the to the lime-stone region. bituminous substance already described, and the That, the "marl indicator" is a veronica, is obresult was, that the gas left the creek and issued vious enough; but there are two species which through the shaft. By means of a tube, the gas bear such a strong resemblance to each other, in was now conducted to a gasometer, and from habits as well as appearance, that there is some thence to different parts of the village. The gas-difficulty in determining between them. An acometer had a capacity of about two hundred and twenty cubic feet, and was usually filled in about fifteen hours, affording a sufficient supply of gas for seventy or eighty lights." Besides the bituminous slate, burning with a flame like that of the gas, there is an alternating sand-stone, containing every where small cavities filled with petroleum, and giving out a bituminous odor. This liquid substance appears to have been every where originally diffused through both the slate and sand-stone, and thus to have imparted the peculiar characters. complished lady in Pennsylvania, pronounces it to be veronica anagallis, which Dr. Darlington in his 'Flora Cestrica' describes as follows: "Stem erect; leaves amplexicaul, lanceolate, acute, denticulate; racemes opposite. Vulgar-water speedwell, long-leaved brooklime. "Root perennial, with verticals of numerous long capillary radicals at the lower nodes of the stem. Stem 12 to 18 inches high, rather coarse and fleshy, sometimes with a roughish pubescence. Leaves smooth, closely sessile and embracing the stem, narrow lanceolate, 2 to 3 inches long and Gas appears to be generated and imprisoned tapering gradually to a point, sparingly denticubelow. It rises in the banks when they are bored late, often nearly entire. Racemes mostly oppoto the depth of twenty to thirty feet, and it bub-site on stout succulent peduncles; bracts linear bles up through the water when it is low, but is lanceolate, as long as the pedicels. Corolla pale repressed when its height produces increased hy-blue, with purple stripes. Capsule tumid. Habitat, drostatic pressure. Many of the wells in Fredo- muddy margins of rivulets, Great Valley, Chester nia are strongly charged with this gas, and fre- county, Pa., lime-stone region; rare; flowers June quent disruptions of the strata evince the exertion to August.' of an expansive force from below. The strata ofslate and sand-stone are one thousand feet thick. This gas issues at long distances, whose extremes are four hundred miles apart, and from strata from fifteen hundred to 2000 feet thick. It is the opinion of Dr. Beck, that this gas does not rise from coal beds, which by the views now entertained of the geological structure of New York, are excluded from its territory. The other species is V. beccabunga; and in support of the opinion that the marl indicator is identical with this plant, I quote the words of one of the first botanists in the country. "I have looked at the mari indicator, and am rather inclining to the opinion that it is no other than the American variety of veronica beccabunga. This plant is decidedly indigenous, growing in our runs (in the lime-stone region of New York) "wherever the supply of water is constant. pronounced it to be this plant at the first glance. THE MARL INDICATOR, NOT A NEW SPECIES. I have, however, compared the drawing with Dr. To the Editor of the Farmers' Register. Darlington's description in his 'Flora Cestrica' (a work remarkable for its accuracy); and by copyTo a person who has any skill in the science of ing a part, you will be enabled to judge as well as botany, or even a taste for it, the introduction of a myself. Whole plant glabrous. Root perennial. new plant to his notice is a very welcome treat. Leaves olien sub-cordate at base, decurrent on the A few years ago, when I was leisurely strolling petiole, generally acute, lowest ones obtuse. Raalong the banks of the Niagara river, from Lew-cemes opposite, erect, long and slender. Hab. iston to the falls, I perceived a beautiful plant in full bloom on the very bank of the precipice. It was entirely new to me, as well as to a gentleman who was with me, who was a far more experienced botanist than myself. Of course, we made no attempt to obtain it; but its image has revisited me a hundred times since. I offer this preface, by way of apology, for adding another notice to the several which have already been presented, of the "marl indicator." Your correspondent who furnished the description Muddy springs and rivulets. Obs. This plant is somewhat variant from the European species of the same name; the leaves being generally acute, more lanceolate, and more distinctly serrate. The late Mr. Schweinitz considered it a distinct species, and named it V. intermedia in 'Silliman's Journal,' though in his herbarium, at the Philadelphia academy, it is labelled V. Americana. It is, however, closely allied to the V.beccabunga of Europe.' "Allow me to remark that the specific characters in Loudon are, in very many cases, entirely insuf CLAYTON. SUPERIORITY OF BLUE MARL. To the Editor of the Farmers' Register. Lowndes, Alabama. ficient to enable us to determine the identity of a fin order that the grapes might receive more heat, plant. I have no doubt of their having been pre- and attain to full perfection, they support them pared with great labor; but from the circumstance for the most part with trees, not more with a view that most of them were drawn from garden speci-of providing themselves with fuel, than of resermens subject to variation, I do not value them ving the leaves for their cattle. Elms and popvery highly." lars are most commonly planted for this purpose Had the correspondent of the Farmers' Regis- in Lombardy; but the latter are more frequent in ter stated in his description, to what extent the the kingdom of Naples, where they are suffered plant was smooth or pubescent, the identical spe- to grow to an astonishing height. The common cies might perhaps have been accurately deter-ash is sometimes used as a stay for vines; though mined. the flowering ash is generally preferred to it: the manna-treet, as it is vulgarly called, is never applied to this use, being confined for the most part to lofty hills, or rocky precipices; but the leaves of it are as carefully preserved, as those of the other sorts of ash. They hold in great esteem the maple,§ which is well adapted to prop I see in your last No. a suggestion that blue the vines; and is not more remarkable for the marl contains an enriching substance, beyond the quickness of its growth, and rapid increase of its lime which is found in it. Of this, I have for bulk, than for the uncommon size of its leaves. years been convinced. I have known it to give In short, there are very few deciduous trees, which more support to crops for four successive years, do not administer food to cattle, and evergreens than even stable manure. The best row of cot-are not neglected; for, not to mention other sorts, ton I ever saw, was on a ridge of blue marl dug I have often seer. the peasants in the neighborout of a ditch four feet deep, and when thrown out hood of Naples take off all the leaves from the of the ditch looked like poor blue clay mixed with ilex. It is observable, that the leaves of the oak lime. By exposure to the sun and air, it became are less grateful to cattle in Italy, than those of any black, and richer in appearance, and is now the other trees whatsoever, upon account of their bitmost productive spot in a body of as rich land as ter taste and astringency; but when they are mixthere is in the state. Its superiority is probably ed with others, they are very well relished. increased by its elevation over the adjoining land, particularly for cotton. I should certainly like to see an analysis of blue marl by Prof. Rogers or Ducatel. With great respect, I am, My dear sir, your friend, To preserve the freshness and verdure of the leaves, requires a great deal of attention. To elfect this, they gather them about the end of September, or the beginning of October, at the time of the day when the heats are most piercing; and spread them very thin upon a pavement abroad, where they suffer them to lie three or four hours; after which they put them into wooden calks, and press them down as closely as possible; and cover them intirely with sand. The very moment after OBSERVATIONS MADE IN ITALY ON THE USE they have taken out the quantity which is wanted, OF LEAVES IN FEEDING CATTLE. By John Symonds, L. L. D. Professor of Modern From the Annals of Agriculture. they stop up the casks, lest the leaves should be exposed to the air; by which method they are enabled to keep them both fresh and tender during the whole winter. It is customary for the peasants in some parts of Italy to bury them in a pit, and to cover them with straw, upon which they lay eiAmong the various kinds of winter-food provi-ther clay or sand; and both are equally calculated ded for cattle in Italy, the use of leaves is not the to answer the purpose. But there is a practice in least considerable. This branch of husbandry the Veronese, which is deserving of particular nowas introduced a few years ago in the Ferrarese; tice. The husbandmen sink a very broad deep pit, and is adopted universally in Italy, except in the and fill half of it with leaves; then they throw dutchy of Mantua, which of all countries seems to over them bunches of unripe grapes, about two stand most in need of it; for, as the landlords have feet thick: after which they put a layer of leaves suffered most of the pastures to be broken up, and of the same thickness; and then another layer of as the culture of artificial grasses is little under-grapes alternately, till the pit is quite full, when stood, the cattle subsist more precariously during they carefully protect it from the air. This not the winter, than in any other part of Italy. The only prevents the leaves from heating, but imcity of Rome is furnished chiefly with oxen from pregnates them with a kind of spirit, which prothe territory of Perugia; and the Roman markets duces extraordinary effects; for the horned cattle are known to be plentifully supplied with beef of a eat them with a greediness which can hardly be very good quality; yet, so scarce is hay in the ter-conceived; and the sheep are as eager to devour ritory above-mentioned, that the oxen have no other sustenance in the winter than turnips and leaves; but the turnip husbandry is so ill executed, that I did not wonder the peasants assured me, that they placed no small dependence upon leaves. Indeed it is esteemed so important an object in Italian agriculture, that substantial advantages ii. v. III. are often sacrificed to it; for, instead of supporting Fraxinus Florifera botryoides. Moris. Fraxinus Ornus Linn. Sp. plant. The common name in Italy is Orno, or Ornello. propriety: Virgil has characterized the Orni with his usual Acre majus folio rotundiore minus laciniato. The their vines by stakes, and keeping them very low, vulgar name is Oppio. them, as when they are first turned into clover in This branch of rural economics has been adopEngland. Upon the whole, it is certain, tbatted in France from very early times. De Serres, there is no dry food in Italy, of which both horn- who wrote under the auspices of Henry the fourth, ed cattle and sheep are so fond, as leaves well speaks of it as an established custom; and afpreserved; insomuch, that they fatten very quick-firms, that oxen did not prefer oats to leaves; * but ly, when a sufficient quantity can be spared for them. In the good dairy farms in the Milanese, the cows are fed with hay in the winter, and are rarely suffered to touch any leaves, unless hay is extremely dear; but in other parts of Italy little regard is paid to the taste of the milk. That the custom, which I have described, obtained among the ancient Romans, appears from the concurrent testimonies of the best authors. Cato the elder, recommends autumn as the proper season for gathering leaves; and directs the farmers to keep them as fresh as possible for their sheep. Virgil has frequent allusion to this kind of fodder; and gives us undoubted reason to think, that the man who gathered the leaves was called by the name of frondator † : Hinc alta sub rupe canet frondator ad auras. Ecl. i. v. 57. Horace takes it for granted, that his bailiff will feed his oxen with leaves, as soon as they are unyoked; an unerring proof, that the practice was very general.‡ -et tamen urges instead of recommending the common method of gathering them, he advises the peasants to lop, in autumn, the boughs of such trees as are intended for fuel; and to keep them in a very dry place; so that the caule might eat the tender twigs, as well as the leaves; † but there is no ground to imagine, that the advice of De Serres has been much followed. It is usual, at present, either to gather the leaves when they are upon the point of falling, or immediately after they are fallen; and to preserve them as dry as possible for the maintenance of their flock in the winter. The management of them seems to be best understood in some parts of Franche Comptè and Auvergne. Whenever there is a very scorching summer, or an inconsiderable crop of hay, the peasants never fail to make an ample provision of leaves, which they keep in a barn, and frequently cover with straw, that they might not be exposed to the least moisture; but they do not gather them indifferentof the Italians, but confine themselves chiefly to ly from almost all sorts of trees, after the manner the beech, and to others of the same nature, whose leaves are not ol' a spongy quality. We can trace this mode of husbandry in England as far back as the reign of Henry the eighth. Fitzherbert, who was judge of the court of ComBut of all the ancient writers, Columella is the mon Pleas, and father of English agriculture, admost exact upon this head; for he has scarce omit-vises the owners of underwoods to cut down no ted any thing that may serve to determine the quality and value of this kind of food; and, what is worthy of remark, he has enabled us to judge of the comparative goodness of of it; for it appears that twenty pecks of dried leaves were esteemed equal, in point of substance, to thirty pounds weight of hay.§ • See chap vi. and xxxi. De Re Rustica. The commentators are strangely embarrassed about the meaning of the word frondator; but that it signifies the person who strips the leaves from the trees, is clear from a passage in Pliny, 1. xxxviii. §. 74. "Unus frondator quatuor frondarias fiscinas complere in die justum habet." more at a time, than what was sufficient to support cattle for two days, being allowed to browze the tops, as well as the leaves.§ This is partly upon the same principle recommended by De Serres. Many of the succeeding writers copied servilely after Fitzherbert, without adding any remarks upon this head; however, we learn from Mr. Evelyn, that, in the reign of Charles the second, it was customary to feed the cattle with the leaves of elms in some parts of Herefordshire ;|| and an author of unquestionable credit asserts, that these leaves gathered in August, and preserved with due care, will prove a great relief to cattle in winter when hay and fodder are dear; and he Several commentators observe a profound silence goes so far as to affirm that they will eat them with respect to the signification of strictis. Lambin whether this is practiced at this day in Herefordin preference to oats, and thrive exceedingly.¶ interprets it stringendo succisis, which conveys no meaning. Cruquius says, "districtis, hoc est, diligen- shire, or in other parts of England, I cannot take ter pascis, ne desit agris colendis, strigosior factus." upon me to say: and whether it would be of geneThis seems to be equally unintelligible. Stricte ral advantage to a country, where the price of frondes are doubtless leaves gathered for fodder. Vir-labor is high, and where artificial grasses are cargil uses the same expression where he represents the ried to a great degree of perfection, I shall leave shepherd pointing to a grove or copse, in which it to others to determine. was usual for the husbandmen to strip off the leaves; -his, ubi densas Agricolæ stringunt frondes Ecl. ix. 60. Should any further doubt remain about the meaning of strictis, it is removed by Columella, who says, possint etiam et folio ficulnea apte dari, si sit eorum copia, aut stringere arbores expediat." L v. c. 3. Si grano abstinemus, frondis arida corbis pabulatoria modiorum viginti sufficit, vel fœni pondo triginta. L. vi. c. 3. The Roman modius was rather more than our peck; and the Roman pound differed a little from ours; but the difference is inconsiderable, and it is not worth while to attend to niceties, when the design is only to convey a general idea. VOL. VII-36 I cannot conclude this paper without observing, that it is much to be regretted, that, our voyagewriters are not a little more conversant in agriculture and natural history; not only as it would prevent De Serres Theatre d' Agriult. ed. Genev. p. 260. † 1bid. p. 714. Du Hamel, Elemens d' Agricult. vol. 1762. p. 161. § Ancient Tracts on the management of Landed Property, 8vo. 1767. Evelyn's Silva, ed. 1776, p. 133. ¶ See Lisle's Husbandry, ed. 1757, vol. 1. p. 298. Ellis says, that ivy gathered in the spring for ewes increases the milk, and that sheep love it exceedingly. See his Husbandry 8vo. 1772, vol. 2. p. 150. |