Surat and Bengal, have been on a decline of 1d. per lb. "The highest quotation is only for the best Toomel The "" present value of Brazil cotton is, of Pernambuco, 18d. "to 19d.; Bahia 161d. to 18d.; and Maranham 161⁄2d. to 17d. "6 per lb. The accounts of the trade in Manchester are very "unfavourable; and the absence of demand, either for twist "or goods, is severely felt. It is not, however, generally "supposed that the spinners will, in any case, materially "diminish their works for several months; when, if sus"pension of shipments to the United States should still "continue, it will be impossible for them to proceed on "this very extensive scale." Rathbone, Hodgson & Co. Liverpool, Sept. 30, 1819. To the sober reflection of the cotton planters we submit these important facts. They cannot be too deeply or seriously weighed. Their dearest interests are vitally involved in them. Abstracted from all considerations of the general prosperity of their country, which has fallen a sacrifice to the policy hitherto pursued-as well as of the wide spread scene of ruin that has swallowed up the fortunes and the happiness of so large a portion of their fellow citizens, engaged in manufactures, their own interest most explicitly points out the necessity of pursuing a different policy, and securing to themselves a home market, beyond the control of foreign nations. Had this market been thus secured, it can hardly be doubted that so large a portion of the cotton at present raised in this country would, we repeat, have been consumed at home, that the quantity exported would have experienced little reduction of price. The contrast between the situation of the British and American manufacturers is extremely striking, and must mortify the pride and excite the sympathy of every citizen who feels an interest in the credit of our government and the welfare of the nation. The British manufacturers, completely secured in the home market by prohibitions, and prohibitory duties, are struggling, with all their energies, to monopolize not only our markets, but those of half the world. In this contest, they are aided in every way that can be devised, by a government which many of our citizens affect to despise. Whereas, our manufacturers only contend for the humble boon of security in the domestic market; and with whom do they contend? not with foreign nations-but with their fellow citizens in congress, whom they merely request to afford them a portion of that pro tection, which, as we have often repeated, England, France, Russia, Austria, and nearly all the other governments of Europe, afford their subjects engaged in manufactures!!! This paragraph would require a volume of explanations -but we must be brief; and, referring to our former addresses, shall barely observe, T. That Austria prohibits the importation, throughout her whole dominions, of all kinds of silk, cotton and woollen manufactures. II. That England prohibits silks, laces, calicoes, and manufactures of gold, with various other articles; and subjects cottons generally to 85 per cent-glass to 114-and chequered linens, manufactures of leather, tanned hides, &c. &c. to 142 per cent. III. That Russia prohibits above two hundred articles, among which are all manufactures of wool, printed cottons, glass, pottery, silk, iron, leather, &c. &c. &c. IV. That France prohibits cotton twist, manufactures of wool, silk, leather, steel, iron, brass, tin, &c. &c. &c. It is therefore obvious, as already often stated, that the manufacturers of those countries enjoy a degree of fostering care and protection from their respective governments which our citizens of that class have never experiencedand the want of which has not only ruined hundreds of them-but inflicted more lasting injury on this country in five years, than it could have suffered in a war of twice the "duration. で We will suppose for a moment a majority in Congress to be composed of manufacturers; and such immense quantities of wheat and flour to be imported from Odessa, and of cotton from Brazil and the East Indies, as to reduce the price of those articles below the fair rate of affording a profit to the cultivator. Suppose that the farmers and planters, at every stage of their progress to ruin, were to supplicate Congress either to prohibit, or discourage by high duties, the importation of wheat, flour and cotton. Suppose, further, that the majority in Congress, resolutely determined to buy those articles "where they could be had "cheapest," steadily rejected their petition. What opinion, fellow citizens, would you form on such conduct? would it not meet with your most marked disapprobation? But is it not precisely the conduct that has been pursued towards the manufacturers? Have they not, in their career to ruin, earnestly and respectfully solicited protection from Con gress? Have not their entreaties been rejected?* Has not a large proportion of them been sacrificed by the ruinous policy of purchasing cheap goods abroad? And has not the nation at large shared in the sufferings inflicted on them? P. S. We have heretofore submitted various statements proving the extreme disadvantage of our intercourse with Great Britain, and other foreign nations in the cotton trade. We now present it in a new point of view. We take the case of a company of cotton manufacturers in Manchester, commencing with a bale and a half of cotton, at fifty dollars per bale, which is the present price; working it up in two months into cotton cloths, at twenty cents per yard; investing the proceeds in cotton; manufacturing this cotton in the same manner; and thus in regular succession, prosecuting the business, as is usual in such manufactories. It will excite astonishment, and appear incredible, but is nevertheless true, that in the space of twenty months they can purchase with the proceeds of the bale and a half, the whole of the exports of the United States. We allow 50lbs. per bale for waste; let the proceeds of the half bale go for the payment of wages; and assume four yards of cotton, at 20 cents per yard, as the product of each pound of cotton. Let it be observed, that 20 cents is a low average. We receive cambrics and muslins as high as a dollar, and a dollar and a half per yard. First operation.-Two months. One bale of cotton, net 250 lbs. produces 1000 yards, which, at 20 cents, amount to 8200 * Of above forty petitions presented to the House of Representatives of the United States, in 1816-17, by different bodies of manufacturers, in various parts of the United States, praying for relief, there was not one read in the House! and nearly half of them were never reported on by the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures! There was not one of them successful, although the ruin suffered by some, and impending over others, of the petitioners, had every possible claim to prompt and effectual redress. On this treatment of constituents, no comment is necessary. Second operation.-Four months. 200 dollars purchase 4 bales, which produce 4,000 yards at 20 cents, Third operation.—Six months. 800 dollars purchase 16 bales, which produce 16,000 yards at 20 cents, Fourth operation.—Eight months. Dolls. 800 3,200 3,200 dollars purchase 64 bales, which produce 64,000 yards at 20 cents, 12,800 Fifth operation.-Ten months. 12,800 dollars purchase 256 bales, which produce 256,000 yards at 20 cents, 51,200 Sixth operation.-Twelve months. 51,200 dollars, purchase 1,024 bales, which produce 1,024,000 yards at 20 cents, 204,800 Seventh operation.-Fourteen months. 204,800 dollars purchase 4,096 bales, which produce 4,096,000 yards at 20 cents, 819,200 Eighth operation.-Sixteen months. 819,200 dollars purchase 16,384 bales, which produce 16,384,000 yards at 20 cents, 3,276,800 Ninth operation.-Eighteen months. 3,276,800 dollars purchase 65,536 bales which produce 65,536,000 yards at 20 cents, Tenth operation.-Twenty months. 13,107,200 dollars purchase 262,144 bales, 13,107,200 which produce 262,144,000 yards at 20 cents, $ 62,428.800 This sum, at the present prices of our staples, would probably purchase the whole of the exports of the United States. This statement affords a clew to the wealth, power, and resources of Great Britain-and to the impoverishment of this country. We present the subject in another point of view:We exported last year to Great Britain, bales $41,176,200 Which, at 20 cents per yard, amount to Supposing we sold the whole of the raw cotton at 30 cents, it produced the United States If the exports of cotton to that country this year are equal to the last, and average 20 cents per pound, it makes an addition to the British profit of Total 18,529,290 22,646,9 10 6,167,430 28,823,340 Every dollar of this sum might be saved to this country, by a proper tariff. NEW SERIES. No. II. Philadelphia, December 24, 1819. It is painful to us, to be obliged again to combat objections which we regarded as fully disproved in our former addresses, beyond the probability of a revival. In this opinion we were completely supported by hundreds of intelligent citizens, whose views of the subject had on a fair examination undergone a total change, and who at present as strenuously advocate the policy of retaining our wealth |