portation and let them be governed by natural laws. A telegram from the president and executive committee of the Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York was read. It asked permission to call the attention of the Congress to the late action of the Chamber regarding improvement of the Mississippi River, and particularly the grave importance of protecting the adjacent territory from the terrible ravages occasioned by a periodical overflow of the river. William E. Seweppe, president of the Wholesale Grocers' Association of St. Louis, spoke ON TRANSPORTATION. He thought the Federal government should control the traffic of the railroads, just as it now controls interstate traffic. He wants a bill passed that would give the present commission power to enforce its decrees. out of this unsubstantial structure of JUDGE R. M. WIDNER Senator Cochran of Missouri thought the State and Federal governments of Los Angeles read a paper on the ought to keep their hands off and per- "National Money System." The mit the railroads to do their best. F. W. BLACKMORE, professor of political economy of the Kansas State University, spoke in opposition to the free coinage of silver. The last speaker of the evening wa Senator Cockrell, of Missouri, who made a strong plea for free silver. The resolutions committee completed its work this afternoon, ani the report, which was not unanimous, will be made tomorrow. The majority and minority agree except on three resolu tions: Favoring the free coinage of silver, favoring the issue of legal tender notes, redeemable in goid and silver, in quantity sufficient for the business of the country, and favoring a tariff for revenue only. A minority endorse! those resolutions and will present a report thereon. Rusk's conduct of the Agricultura The other resolutions praise Secretary Department, and favor federal in provement of the Mississippi Rive irrigation by the national governme of the arid lands, consummation & circulating medium must be in-treaties of reciprocity with the countries with which the United States exchanges products, and construction by the federal government of a deep water harbor on the Gulf of Mexico. be John Cornforth of Denver spoke of creased, said Widner, to meet the the benefits of the railroads. Speeches growth of population or the busiwere made before the Congress by men ness of the country must who condemned the railroads. These killed off until within the compass of same men had come west and bought the present circulation. There is not government lands at $1.25 per acre and enough money in circulation, and the were now offering it for sale for $50 and want of money caused a stringency in $200 per acre and giving as their ex- the markets. Free coinage would not cuse for the high price that the railroad accomplish the desired results, for the passed through the land. The rail- population was increasing too fast. ways led the advance of civilization The great objection to free coinage was and industry and in the Western that the annual product of silver, countries they should be built numer- $46,000,000 worth, when coined repreously. sented $64,000,000, or a profit of $18,000,000 to a few silver producers. That was of too great local benefit to be of any benefit to the whole people. The Farmer's Alliance scheme of loaning money at a low rate of interest, secured by land, was too partisan to be accept ed. Widner would have a system based State Senator Switzler, of Nebraska, upon the authority of the people, backadvised the Congress to considered by the wealth of the people and adthe matter of transportation thor- ministered for the benefit of the whole oughly and attempt to propose a rem-population, using all the gold and edy. C. S. Dietrich of Hastings, Neb., read a paper on transportation in support of a resolution introduced by him, which provided that the Interstate Commerce Commission should have supervision and limited control of the railroads. James Madison, of Mississippi, Speaker of the Lower House of the Legislature, said that the State hoped the Congress would be liberal with and tolerant of the railroads, as they had made the West what it is. D. H. Martin Williams, of Missouri, believed the Government ought to supervise the railways and railway charges. Recess until 2 o'clock. JAY L. TORREY OF ST. LOUIS silver and supplementing their use by the legal issue of from $20 to $25 per capita. Inflation, constitutional re pudiation and the threatened change of the gold dollar as the measure of value were dangers to be contended against. In order to overcome these dangers and to give his system stability he proposed an amendment to the constitution of the United States, providing for a national currency circulating medium to amount to $20 per capita, as shown by the census of 1890 and each succeeding census; for the proper reread a paper on "Uniform Commercial demption of which, when required, Laws," and devoted particular atten- the resources, property and faith tion to the subject of his bankrupt law. of the nation are pledged. For Torrey explained the provisions of the which redemption Congress, by a Torrey Bankruptcy bill, and promised two-thirds vote in each house. that it would be before the next Con- may provide for the collection of govgress with the endorsement of com-ernment revenues from taxes in gold mercial bodies all over the country. and silver coin. Said currency, with Hon. A. J. Warner of Ohio addressed the gold and silver coin of the United the congress on "The Relation of States of present weight and fineness, Money to Bank Credits." There the gold dollar as the unit of value, should be a limit to bank credits. The and such notes as may be issued in State banks no longer had power to lieu of gold or silver coin and bullion issue money, but they created money held exclusively for the redemption to the issuance of bank credits. Since thereof, shall constitute the only legal they arrogated to themselves the func- money of the United States. Congress tion of the State, they should come shall have no power to increase or deunder the State's supervision. At crease said issue, provided that after present the bank credits, in proportion the issue of 1900 Congress may, by a to the actual money in the banks, was two-thirds vote of each House, reduce as from five to seven to one. It was the rate of further issue. KANSAS CITY, April 17.-At the Commercial Congress today the unfic ished programme for yesterday wa taken up, the subject being "Transpor tation and Improvement of Wat Ways, the Lakes, Gulfs and Pacific Ports." S. A. Thompson, Secreta the Commercial Club of Du Minn., advocated improvement de water ways, as affording the chea transportation. Colonel Catchinhs of Mississippi & gued that an increase in the water tr fic, however great, would not decree the railroad business but would rather increase it. J. M. Murphy of Iowa spoke on t Hennepin Canal. Colonel Fisk of Denver delivered an address upon IRRIGATION. It was estimated that there are one million square miles of arid lande in the Western country that could be made productive by irrigation. At the minimum price of public lands $1.25 per acre, this land had a valued $800,000,000. It was At $30 per acre, moderate estimate of the value when irrigated, it will be worth $19,200,00 If these lands were properly providel with water, one could scarcely contemplate what an empire of population and wealth it would contain. said the people of the regions that de sired irrigation should provide it themselves. Without agriculture, the lands would never be settled and there would be no people to provide irriga tion. The government should start this work. Mr. Wickliffe of New Orleans spoke upon immigration and the settlement of vacant lands from the text: "Amer ca to Americans." He had been told, he said, that this land is broad enough for all, but he submitted that the Old World had made it the camping ground for paupers and criminal classes, and he believed he spoke fot the whole American people when he said the time had come that it must stop. There is enough room for a who want to come here and be one of us, but not a foot of ground for one of J. paupers and criminals of the Old then taken up, and Smalley presented law making all money legal tender, the minority's case. He said there notwithstanding any contracts which may feel deeply upon the sub-had been too much politics in the com- may call for a discharge of obligation added Wickliffe, but I have mittee. When he accepted the chair- by the payment of gold. come from a most terrible object manship, he did not expect the demowhich clearly indicates the crats would crowd their party platform of a change of our emigration down his throat. He claimed, by in " and he argued for a vigorous ference, that the convention had been a by the National Congress. packed in the interest of the democratic party, and that the congress was really Congress then, at 9:15 p.m., adbeing held for the purpose of welding journed to meet at call of the executive together the democrats and farmers' committee. THE MAJORITY REPORT e committee on resolutions favors adoption by Congress of a law rizing the free and unlimited ge of silver and the issuance of a ient amount of legal tender notes e redeemable in both gold and , to restore the equilibrium bemoney and all other products, sa tariff for revenue only, and Congress to enact laws to place riff upon a purely revenue basis at rly a date as practicable; declares the interstate commerce of the cry should be controlled by the al government; favors the imement of the Mississippi River; ruction of the Hennepin Canai other water ways by the govern; the equalization of taxation; a nal bankrupt law; suppression of s and combines; amendment to immigration laws; restoration of way land grants to the public do, and the opening of the surplus to settlement; reclamation of arid ; enactment of laws to prevent ng in futures, and commends the etary of Agriculture for his efforts rds removing the restrictions of Foreign meat trade. alliance. islature denied that there had been a came very acrimonious. Finally General Warner of Ohio sub mitted the following as a SUBSTITUTE Other resolutions were adopted, endorsing the World's Fair, the Torrey bankruptcy bill and making the Congress a permanent organization to meet biennially. The First Ward school furnished the for the tariff resolutions of both re- singing exercises, under the direction ports: of Brother William Colton. "We favor neither free trade nor exclusion of trade, but favor a tariff for revenue, limited to the actual needs of government economically administer. ed, but so levied as to cover the differences in industrial usages between this and other countries, but not to create and foster monopolies." The opening prayer was offered by Assistant Superintendent William C. Burton. Elder D. McKenzie delivered an instructive lecture on "Moral Government," as applicable to the proper training of children. The only satisfactory method of training children, he After a long debate President Francis said, is to follow the laws of God and ruled the resolution out of order. of nature. Infraction of rules and Gridley (Minn.) then offered a sub-laws should be followed by natural stitute for the minority report, similar punishments, tempered by love, and to Warner's, and it was adopted. De- not dictated by passion. Correcting bate on the minority report as a whole children while in a passion would only ne resolutions also endorse a deep was begun and the discussion again create in them a feeling of resentment, er harbor at Galveston; favor the assumed a violent form. The minority and the natural feelings of reverence truction of a ship canal connect-members of the committee charged the and respect towards parents would be the northern lakes with the Atlan- congress with being nothing but a stifled. The lecturer exemplified his declare it the judgment of the Con- democratic convention. The charges suggestions by apt examples and ils that the Mississippi could and caused a great tumult. Finally the lustrations. ld be made navigable for ocean representatives of the Business Union els for a considerable distance above of St. Paul withdrew from the con✔ Orleans, and recommend the con- vention. etion of levees from St. Paul to the The minority report of the California recommend a system of canals delegate also failed. It was: "We to connect the waters of Tennessee object to the free coinage of silver on the Gulf of Mexico; also a ship the ground that the taxpayers of the l from the head-waters of the Ohio United States are now buying all of ake Erie, and from Lake Superior the silver output at about 97 cents per e Mississippi river; favor the con- ounce, whereas it is claimed free coinction of the Nicaragua canal as a age will raise the price to $1.29 per inctively American work, under ounce. We see no use in the taxpayers erican control; favor the prohibition advancing silver. We recommend the non-resident alien ownership of purchase of the silver output of the - recommend the admission of United States for money used at the Mexico and Arizona to the lowest bidder's price, just as the government now buys any other article it needs." 9; on. I conclusion the report hails with ght the spirit of fraternity displayed be delegates in attendance. THE MINORITY REPORT ›rs the free and unlimited coinage American gold and silver on the s established by an international hey convention, which shall make er and gold of equal purchasing er; favors a tariff for revenue, with dental protection. he free coinage and tariff resoluis of both reports were received with lause, as was also that relative to Immigration law. . resolution, which hailed with deit burial of all animosities between North and the South, received mendous applause, and, upon motion Major Warer, was given three rty cheers. The silver clause of minority report was then voted vn. The minority resolutions were Consideration of the majority report Smalley of Minnesota then said, as Then a great disturbance arose, the air being rent with hisses and groans, mingled with cheers and applause. Sinalley's opponents attempted to howl him down, but he stood his ground till he finished his say. A resolution, by Bryan of Nebraska, was adopted urging Congress to pass a The choir sang an anthem, after which Sister Fletcher gave an interesting class exercise on the Word of Wisdom. President Angus M. Cannon stated that in consequence of the call of Superintendent John C. Cutler to a foreign mission, Elder Thomas C. Griggs had been sustained at the recent Stake Conference as Stake Superintendent of Sunday Schools, with Elders Richard S. Horne and William C. Burton as his first and second assistants. The names of several new Sunday School missionaries had also been selected to aid in the Sunday School work, as follows: Henry Gardner, Miles A. Romney, Joseph A. Romney, Brigham W. Ashton, Gideon M. Mumford, Charles H. Hyde. Five of the brethren named were present, and each signified his willingness to perform the duties of the call to the best of his ability. The superintendency and all the new missionaries present were set apart under the hands of the Presidency of the Stake, Angus M. Cannon and counselors. The secretary read a summary of the schools of the Stake, as follows: Total number of Sunday Schools in the Stake, 48; number of officers and teachers enrolled, 977; average attendance of officers and teac! ers, 618; number of male pupils, 4496; number of female pupils, 4844; total number of pupils enrolled, 9340, with an average attendance of 5284; total number of officers, teachers and pupils, 10,317; number of theologi 77 cal classes, 86; intermediate classes and JOSEPH HYRUM PARRY, PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE. Chief Stanton, of the Fire Department, presented the following recom mendations to the City Council on Tuesday, April 14, and asked that they be embodied in the fire ordinance without delay: SMOKE HOUSES. All smoke houses shall be built of stone or brick, and the doors and roofs of same shall be constructed of some non-combustible material. ASHES. It shall be unlawful for any person or persons to deposit any ashes, or cause the same to be deposited or placed, or permit or suffer the same to be or remain in any wooden vessel, or in any place or premises belonging to or occupied by him or her or others, or any metalic vessel, within two inches of any woodwork or structure. Penalty, a fine not less than $500. SHAVINGS, HAY, STRAW AND LITTER. Each person making, using or having the control of shavings, hay,straw, bags, litter or any other combustible waste or fragments, shall, at the clese of each day, cause the same to be disposed of so as to be safe from fire. TO SECURE BUILDINGS. Whenever any occupied building or buildings are not properly secured, the fire inspector shall immediately visit the premises and notify the owner or owners, agent or agents, or the persons having control of the same, of the condition of such unoccupied building or buildings, and to have it or them, within twenty-four hours, properly secured so as to prevent evil disposed persons from gaining access thereto. Penalty, a fine not less than $500. PORTABLE LIGHTS AND PROTECTION OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. The matter was referred to the committee on fire department who, it is expected, will recommend the adoption of Chief Stanton's suggestions. A GREAT DISCOVERY IN EGYPT. The following interesting article is from the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. bor was known as Si-Ammon or son of Ammon. If the new records can be deciphered, the history of Egypt may be re-written. It would be a singular and interesting outcome, if at this ste day, all of the lost learning of Egyp should be restored. either a double collar of metal with at dynasty. That dynasty was estab least four inches air space and holes lished by a priest who possessed great for ventilation, or by a soapstone influence. Many of the mummies are ring not less than three inches in those of priests. About the corridors are thickness and extending through the hollow wooden images containing manpartition, or by a solid coating of plas- uscripts, and other manuscripts have ter of Paris three inches thick, or by an been found upon piles of mummy cases. earthenware ring three inch es from It is believed that these writings were the pipe. hidden by priests after the mummies were removed to the underground chambers. The hasty disposal of the mummy cases and manuscripts leads to the conclusion that they were orig inally deposited in the temple of Hata su and removed before a threatened invasion. The painting on the cases, although at least 3000 years old, is bril liant in color and apparently un changed. The elaborate decorations indicate that the dead were persons of A letter from Cairo to the New York consequence. The forms of some of the Tribune announces the discovery near mummy cases are new to Egyptologists the Temple of Hatasu, in Egypt, of a and new forms of hieroglyphics appear crypt containing mummies and manu- in the manuscripts. This may be scripts that have never before been counted for by the fact, recorded by ered as important as that in Der el first dynasty, had formed alliances with disturbed. The discovery is consid- Rawlinson, that Herhor, of the twenty. Bahari in 1871, when the mummies of outside nations and had a wife of SemRameses the Great, the chief oppressoritic race, who was not a princess. Herof the Israelites, and of Thotmes 1., II., and III., Seti I., and Amenhotep I. were recovered. The hidden tombs at Der el Bahari had been preyed upon for ten years by the shrewd Arab who discovered them. He had opened mummy cases and sold jewels and manuscripts to travelers, and many The civilization of ancient Egypt manuscripts were destroyed, but had a vast influence upon the work others were decipherable. These chiefly through the captivity of the manuscripts threw much light Israelites. The Egyptians devot upon the customs of the Egypt-great part of their energies and the? ians, their daily life, and the extent of fortunes to preparations for a futu their learning in medicine and law. life. Their belief in the literal resul The historical references have never rection of the body has had it influence been very useful, except to fix dates, upon all religious beliefs. Whatever as the records are merely boastings of modern antiquarians believe, the kings written in the most florid style. have not respected the belief of the Truth about kings was smothered. Egyptians; for the Egyptian dead have The learned men of Egypt formed a been scattered and destroyed. Ship vast organization for keeping loads of mummies having been brought knowledge within the bounds they had to England and the United States to fixed. The discovery of a subterranean be ground into paint. The vast tomb or crypt near the temple of Queen cemeteries have been pillaged for Hatasu, at Thebes, was made by an relics of the past. Still the Arab, who reported it to the Govern- resurrection of the body is one of the ment, and received a proper reward for cardinal doctrines today. The his faithfulness. The temple stands Egyptians held it necessary to aid in under a bluff of limestone at some dis- that resurrection by preparing the tance from the Nile. Near the temple body for it. The moderns hold that the the opening of a perpendicular shaft in power which can raise the body to s the solid rock was found. This shaft immortal life is great enough to bring upon exploration proved to be 45 feet together t e scattered fragments after which had been walled up. The follow-rection of the body was shared by the deep, and at the bottom was a doorway, dissolution. The belief in the resur ing description of the underground Incas of Peru as well as by the Egyp chambers is from the Cairo letter: "Passing through the doorway, the ex No person shall use any portable light in any building or place where combustible materials are kept, unless such light be securely enclosed in a lantern; and no person shall use a light in any place where combustible materi-plorers entered a level corridor running als shall be suspended above it, without so protecting it as to prevent such materials from falling upon or coming in contact with it. STEAM AND SMOKE PIPES. north and south, about 250 feet long; From this a flight of steps led downward ridor nearly 40 feet long. At the ends of about 18 feet, and then came another corthis second corridor were two mortuary chambers. Still a third corridor was way and extending for 175 feet. The found, starting from the top of the stairmummies were found piled about in all parts of these rooms and corridors in such a way as to favor the theory that they were hastily removed thither from their original resting place." No steam pipes shall be placed closer to wood than three inches; if said space is objectionable, it shall be protected by a soapstone or other earthen ring or tube. No smoke pipe, in any building with wooden or combustible floors or ceilings, shall enter any flue, Up to February 19th about one hununless the said pipe shall be at least dred and sixty mummies had been reeighteen inches from either floors or moved to the Boulak Museum. It is ceilings; and in all cases where smoke the opinion of the Egyptologists who pipes pass through wooden partitions are in charge of the examination of the of any kind, whether the same be plas-mummies and manuscripts that the tered or not, they shall be guarded by most recent belong to the twenty-first of tians, and Peruvian mummies are al most as common in our museums those from the land of the Nile. The pyramids of Mexico and the mummies of Peru are the best evidences yet ly a connecting land between Africa adduced to show that there was former and America. The story of the lost Atlantis came from Egypt, and dis firming it. coveries in America go far toward con the civilization of Egypt have its rise The question now is, did in America or Africa? Are the pyra mids of Mexico older than the pyrs mids of Egypt? Are the mummies of Peru older than the muinmies of Egypt? Lieutenant Jones destroyed the United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry on April 18, 1861. It was done to keep it out of the hands of the rebels. NO. 19. ESTABLISHED "APRILLE." TRUTH AND LIBERTY JUNE, 1850.. SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, SATURDAY, MAY 2, 1891. No longer lying cold and numb, The shadows seem almost to smile. He oft from tricksy jokes abstains. As though, like some rough, clownish boy, And fro n the shadows and the rain the local and general situa- Chickasaws, Seminoles, and the many Some 34 tribes (or portions thereof) MISSIONARY WORK IN THE INDIAN livelihood and are free from taxation. TERRITORY. These persons constitute a majority of the total inhabitants, amounting to The missionary work of the Latter- nearly 100,000. The white, negro and day Saints in the efforts to carry into Indian races are much mixed; and effect the Divine injunction, This those of the pure blooded aborigine are Gospel of the Kingdom much in the minority; but whether preached in all the world for a witness they be full blood, haif, eighth or unto all nations," has taken within its sixteenth, they occupy the same posiscope the principal place of gathering tion as citizens. shall be together of remnants of the once Indian Territory, when first out- These Elders, no doubt, were surprised at the evidences of thrift often to be found, considering the conditions the people had experienced, and labored zealously, until two small branches were organized in the Creek and Cherokee Nations. One of the number, Elder John A. Richards, married an Indian woman, and gave a permanent resting place for the others. All, save the one mentioned, were released in from three to four years; but during their stay had penetrated into the Choctaw country. Their success in this direction was soon prohibited by the United States agent ordering them away, which order they were required to obey, even while hav ing the necessary permission from the Territorial government. Information concerning those Indians has been given at various times, through the public press and otherwise. Previous to 1828, the land included Lately, too, interest has been aroused in Indian Territory, was the home of because of disputes which nave oc- the uncivilized Osage, Comanche, etc., curred and negotiations which have but from 1828 to 1835, as the increase been pending between the United of the white population east of the The fair prospects of both inhabiStates general overnment and that of Mississippi continued, and the Indian tants and missionaries abruptly termiIndian Territory regarding land in- lands there were exchanged for lands nated when the war of the Rebellion terests and a movement to abolish to the westward, the exodus of several broke forth in fury over the land. tribal relations among the Indians. thousand indians was effected, the The Indians bad no particular Yet, without the bounds of the Terri- Cherokees being the pioneer nation. part in the issues at stake, though a tory, knowledge is limited as to Then came the Creeks, Choctaws, few were slave owners. The strife was having an agent to represent it and the interest of its citizens within the Indian borders. The Elders now there are enjoying good health, and are in excellent spirits. BIBLICAL CRITICISM SUBJECT TO on all sides of them, and insurrection- of those who went there in the winter ists of their own race soon produced a of 1885, the mission commenced as division, and the land became over-permanent. One year to twenty-three spread once more with war and blood- months has been the average period of shed. The end of the strife in other the individual labors there. Since then places did not spread tranquility over a few have reached two years. the Indian's home, for many of the The Indian Territory Mission has worst characters and individuals whom had to cope with many disadvantages. the war had brought forth and devel- Some 24 Elders have been there oped, took refuge in this froutier land; since 1883, most of whom have had to and the nature of the Indian is not to contend with sickness each year, the lay aside revenge because of a coven-climate and country being so thorough-study of the Bible. In some of its de We cannot deprecate any scientific ant of peace entered into by others. ly filled with malaria, which readily partments such study is evidently of Disagreeable and bloody scenes there- attacks and prostrates per-ons going the highest value; in some it is indisfore continued for several years after from a colder and healthier climate. pensable. Without it we could not get peace was declared, and life and hap- But each succeeding year has been the correct text of the original Scrippiness were not among the certainties. productive of more encouraging re-tures; without it we could not translate Naturally the few Saints were scat-sults; the work is enlarging and in tered by these circumstances. And creasing. By the experience of the Elders were not safe in traveling and past the present missionaries are benepreaching among people whose natures fitted and are escaping the ills of the were thus trained. Elder Richards country. had taken part in the war, and subsequently turned his whole attention to farming. April, 1877, Eliers M. W. Dalton, John Hubbard of Willard City, and Robert Lake (part Indian), who, later on deserted his companions, and Anthony Navarr, also part Indian, arrived in the Territory. They again opened the mission. Elder Hubbard died and was buried there; Elder Navarr returned to his tribe and Elder Dalton reached his home in Utah in November of the same year, leaving the mission abandoned uutil April 16, 1883, when Apostle George Teasdale and Elder Dalton re-opened the field. The former came home October, 1883, and Elder Joseph H. Felt, of Salt Lake City, became the companion of Elder Dalton, and the labor was continued until April, 1884, when both returned home. In May, the same year, Elders J. Bale and Frank Teasdale, both of Nephi, resumed efforts to establish a permanent field, but they were forced to return in September, 1884, much impaired in health. and interpret them with any certainty. that special form of the scientific study And certainly we cannot deprecate of the Bible called the higher criticism. This is the same process of critical ex Labor was first commenced in the amination applied to the Scriptures Cherokee Nation. At present this na- which scholars apply to all other au tion is well traversed, affording a fair cient literature and history to deter field and kind and hospitable enter-mine their authenticity and dates, tainment generally. The Choctaw their scope, relations and significance. and Creek nations the Choctaw es- We cannot assume that the Scriptures pecially—also are visited. The Chicka- are exempt from such critical saws and Seminoles have extended the study because they contain speprivilege of mission work in their cial supernatural revelations of midst; and an encouraging commence- God; on the contrary, their ment has been made this winter among contents make the most searching the former. study of them all the more important. The semi-civilized Osages would The title, "higher criticism," now have been labored with had not the prominent, may seem to some a little agent prohibited the entrance of the pretentious, but the process is not new Elders to their reservation; also half a or peculiar. It is the same method dozen of small, and intelligent tribes ployed in one department of Bib in the northeast part of the Territory, study which is employed in all the but for a similar refusal on the part of others, and long before it took the the agent and minister, who has gen-special title it had brought out much eral supervision over them. The interesting Senecas are among the latter; as the agent verruled the freedom granted by their chief and council to the Elders. important knowledge now received by Each of the many tribes has a separate and distinct language; yet a similarity is so manifest between three or four of the dialects, that they can From the experiences these Elders understand each other The Elders do encountered, and the disadvantages not learn any of these languagues, as they had to contend with, the principal English is used by the great majority; it among which were chills and fever, is taught in the public schools, and it long journeys because of the scattered is only a condition for future years to condition of the residents and the great develop, when all shall speak the one amount of indifference and contempt language. But one the Cherokee-erty and life often depend on it; and it - has a written language, the alphabet of generally accorded them, when Elders While waiting for more Elders from Utah, Andrew traveled somewhat with Elder Richards, who had been found shortly after Elder Kimball had arrived in the Cherokee Nation. In 1886, the mission was increased to four Elders, and in 1888 to six, and eight in 1890, though there are but six there at present. Elder Kimball remained laboring for some twenty-seven months; and it may be said that from the date of going It is de must be so in literary and historical criticism, even in the Scriptures. where our knowledge of their meaning and purpose must ofter depend on it. and all the more severely because their But experts must be cross-examined, testimony is finally decisive. They must satisfy the court and jury-and in this case Christian teachers are the court and intelligent laymen are the location and erect a conference house jury-that they are experts, and that where conferences may be held. The they are not stating their guesswork or field of labor covers a large area of theories, but facts which they have country, and the work of instructing verified, and the statements of all the the people and laying before them the principles of truth, is rendered various experts must essentially agree. So the higher criticism is itself subby the numerous remnants and di-ject to criticism. visions of tribes, negroes and whites. criticism; its processes must be criticIt requires counterThe latter are a very roving class, ally reviewed and its conclusions whose practices of renting and moving critically verified before they can reas nearly every year are not always of the onably claim acceptance. We willing kind to produce harmony between the ly concede to critical scholars every races. thing necessary to their inquiriesentire liberty, all available material and facilities, the tentative use of hypothesis, and of every applicable method employed in other sciencesand then we insist that they be scientific and prove their work, so far as they go, The larger tribes govern their own affairs, formulate and execute laws for the wellbeing of their own citizens, in accordance with the general laws of the United States government, the latter government acting as guardian, by |