VI. Intermediate a, as in åsk.

Marked with a dot over it, thus-ȧ. This is a medium sound between Italian a and short a. Avoid the two extremes: (1) That of Italian a, as färst for fåst, därnce for dance, etc. (2) That of short a, as ask for åsk, dănce for dance, ǎf'ter for af'ter, etc.

I. WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED.

In all these words be careful to give a its intermediate sound as in ȧsk, not the short sound as in ănd.

VII. Sound of a as in what.

Marked with a dot under it, thus-a. This sound is

equivalent to short o, as in not.

pronounced hwot, not wut.

The word what is

Marked with a macron, thus-ē. Long e is one of the three vowel extremes, ä and o being the other two.

Marked with a breve, thus-ě. Avoid yit for yet, aig

X. Sound of e as in verge.

Marked with a wave or tilde, thus-e. This sound nearly coincides with the sound of u as in urge, but is not quite so broad and guttural. Avoid the error of sounding ĕ like ai, as āirth for earth, etc. Give the r

XI. Sound of e as in thêre.

Marked with a circumflex, thus—ê.

This sound is

identical with the sound of a as in câre.

Marked with a macron under it, thus-e. This sound

XIII. The long sound of i and y.

Marked with a macron, thus—ī, ỹ.

XIV. The short sound of i and y.

Marked with a breve, thus-Ĭ, ỹ.

Marked with a wave or tilde, thus-i. identical with the sound of e as in her. the broader and more guttural sound of Be careful to giver its full sound.

This sound is

Avoid giving u as in ûrge.

vir'tue virgin

çir'ele

çir'euit

XVI. Sound of i as in pïque.

Marked with two dots over it, thus-ï. is equivalent to that of long e as in më.

This sound

XVII. The long sound of o.

Marked with a macron, thus—ō. Avoid shortening or obscuring the sound of long o as in ōld, in such words as road, cōat, hōme, bōne, stōne, etc.

dō n't

whōl'ly close ́ly lōne ly tro phy

ō'pal

ō'dor

I. WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED.

Avoid the error of saying hôrse for hōarse, fôrce for

II. WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED..

In words like the following, avoid the error of giving long o the sound of o as in ôr'der; as bôr ́der for board ́er, fôr'ger, for fōr'ger, pôr trait for pōr ́trait, etc. Give o its full, long sound.