GLOSSARY OF SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TECHNICALITIES USED IN THE SCIENCE. N.B.-An explanation of many other terms may be found in the body of the work, upon reference to the index. The following abbreviations are employed in giving the derivations of the various terms:-LAT., for Latin; GK., for Greek; ARAB., for Arabian; and FR., for French. ABSORB (Lat. absorbeo, I drink in or suck up). To imbibe; to drink in; to suck up, like a sponge. Potassium is kept under naphtha, on account of the rapidity with which it absorbs, or sucks up, oxygen from the atmosphere. ACETATE (Lat. acetum, vinegar). A compound of acetic acid with a base. Acetate of lead is prepared by dissolving litharge in acetic acid. ACETIC (Lat. acetum, vinegar). Belonging to vinegar. In fact, the name by which acetic acid is more popularly known is vinegar; distilled acetic acid forming distilled or colourless vinegar. ACID (Lat. aceo, I am sour). A term applied to all bodies which, combining with bases, form salts. Most of these substances produce that sensation on the tongue which we call sour. TRITURATE (Lat. tritura, a threshing or grinding). To rub or grind into a very fine powder. Hence we speak of triturating (pulverizing, or reducing to powder) a mineral, &c., in a mortar. VOLATILITY [Volatile (from Lat. volo, I fly)]. The property which disposes metals to assume the gaseous state. Example of a volatile metal:-Arsenic. ZERO (Italian, nothing). The point of a thermometer from which it is graduated. In the Centigrade and in Reaumur's it is the freezing point of water; in Fahrenheit's, 32 degrees below freezing point. Acetate of Lead, 64. INDEX (TO BODY OF WORK, ONLY). Acid of Molybdena, 75. Alum, 14. Aurum Mosaicum, or Black Jack, 108. Black Cxide of Cobalt, 39. Black Oxide of Iron, 57, 58, 60. Black Wadd, 70. Blende, 108. Block Tin, 98. Blue Carbonate of Copper, 42. Bricks, 15. Bright Native Cinnabar, 72. Brown Oxide of Cerium, 37. Brown Oxide of Manganese, 70. Brown Oxide of Molybdenum, 75. Brown Oxide of Platinum, 82. Brown Oxide of Rhodium, 86. Brown Oxide of Sodium, 92. Ductility, 9. Dutch Metal, 43. Dutch Gold, 43. Emetic Tartar, 21. Ethiop's Mineral, 74. Fahrenheit's Thermometer, 19. Flake-white, 31. Flowers of Bismuth, 30. Flowers of Zinc, 107. Fluor Spar, 36. Freiberg Zinc Blende, 53, Frozen Mercury, 73. Fulminating Gold, 50. Fulminating Platinum, 83. Leaf-gold, 51. Magistery of Bismuth, 31. Magnesium, 68, 88. Malleable Iron, 59. Malleability, 9. Manganese, 69. Marble, 36. Mannheim Gold, 45. Mariner's Compass, 58. Mars, 57. Martial Æthiops, 58. Massicot, 64. Meerschaum, 69. Menachanite, 101. Mercurial Hepatic Ore, 72. Mercury, 71. Metallic Lustre, 6. Metalliferous Veins, 113. Metallography, 3. Meteoric Iron, 12. Meteoric Stones, 40. Milled Lead, 66. Mines, 113. Minium, 64. Molybdena, 75. Molybdenum, 75. |