sale and retail trade, there is hardly an industry in the country, from agriculture to brass-work, that would not suffer. And there are also the pensioners and the benevolent institutions, the schools and orphanages, maintained by the trade; they would be thrown on to the poor law.
These considerations will not be disposed of by sneering at debenture widows,' or repeating that this is a 'great temperance measure.' Why is it a great temperance measure? To the calm looker-on, with no interest in the trade and no sympathy with it as such, the most remarkable feature of this controversy is that no one has made the slightest attempt to show how the Bill will promote temperance. Its supporters are like the Ephesians; all with one voice about the space of six weeks have cried out, Great is the Bill of Mr Asquith.' And that is all. Mr Lloyd George has informed us that unless it is passed England is fated to the squalid doom of the drunkard.' When a clever Cabinet Minister is reduced to such ridiculous nonsense it is because he has nothing better to say. The plain truth is that the Bill contains some minor, mostly rather doubtful, provisions bearing on temperance, but its main purpose is purely political. A great temperance measure would not ignore Scotland and Ireland, which are far more drunken than England, and it would not ignore the so-called grocers' licenses, which mean home drinking and are another alternative channel.
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A real measure of licensing reform would be quite different; such a measure is needed and has long been overdue. The entire scheme of licensing is obsolete and should be recast to suit conditions which have changed out of all harmony with it. We still live under the Act of 1828, which was itself a consolidating Act embracing much earlier provisions. Meantime vast changes have occurred in all the conditions of life, and with them the liquor trade has become differentiated into several wellmarked classes differing widely in character and purpose, and requiring differential treatment which cannot be applied because the law takes no cognisance of the facts. The Pig and Whistle is on the same legal footing as the Carlton Hotel, the Prince's Restaurant, and the FrancoBritish Exhibition. This very Bill, when it comes to administrative details, is compelled to recognise distinc
tions which have no existence in law; but that method of proceeding can only lead to confusion. A complete readjustment of the law to actual conditions is essential to its efficiency; that is true reform, and the indispens able foundation for others. A bare mention of it must suffice at the end of this too long article, but one way in which it would work may be indicated. It would bring in the law as an auxiliary force in promoting the movement for substituting places of rational refreshment for mere drinking bars, and would thus enable it to exercise its proper function of levelling up in harmony with public opinion. That is done in Germany where they have pothouses, too, though the ordinary traveller does not see them; but they are discouraged by being treated more stringently than the café and the beer-garden, which the ordinary traveller does see and admires. Is it not time for us to apply a little 'clear thinking' to the question of temperance?
TWO HUNDRED AND EIGHTH VOLUME OF THE
QUARTERLY REVIEW.
[Titles of Articles are printed in heavier type. The names of authors of
articles are printed in italics.]
Albright, Mr V. E., A Typical
Shaksperian Stage,' 471.
Alpine Club, The Jubilee of the,
272-mountain climbing, 273-use
of implements, ib.-early ascents,
274-foundation of the club, 275-
-members, ib.-publications, 275,
278-number of associations, 276-
standard of qualification for elec-
tion, ib.-number of accidents, 277
- changes brought about, ib.
literature, 278-maps, 279-ex-
ploration of other parts of the
world, 280-art, 281-the Alpine
Journal, ib.
'Arbiter in Council,' 250.
Archer, William, 'The Elizabethan
Stage,' 442.
Ariosto, 125-three periods of his
life, 127-129-his characteristics,
129, 131-relations with his patron,
130-compared with Lyly, ib.-
sense of humour, 131-father, ib.
-birth, 132-his choice of the
‘vulgare,' 135–137-poem 'Furioso,'
138-fragmentary method, 140-
influence on Tasso and Spenser,
140-143-vivacious element in the
poem, 143-taste for chivalry, 145
-ironical comment, 146-exaggera-
tions, ib.-satire on the chivalric
lust of fighting, 147-worship of
women, 148-religion, 149-tone of
secularity and worldliness, 150-
seriousness, ib.—the Comedies, 152.
Ashley, Mr Percy, on the effects of
the Municipal Corporation Act,
324.
Aston, W. G., 'Shinto: the Way of
the Gods,' 100.
Athens, the Acropolis of, 253. See
Greek.
Atherley-Jones, L. A., 'Commerce
in War,' 251.
Austin, The Poetry of Mr Alfred,
173-estimate of his poetry, 174—
his love of the country, 175, 190—
philosophy of social life, 176-'The
Season,' 177-'The Golden Age,'
ib.-his want of moral originality,
178 The Tower of Babel,' or 'A
Celestial Love-drama,' 179-'Savo-
narola' and 'Alfred the Great,' 180
-'Fortunatus the Pessimist,' 181-
183, 189, 192-194-'Prince Lucifer,'
183, 189, 194-'The Human Tra-
gedy,' 185-189, 195-his conception
and treatment of love, 189-The
Door of Humility,' 190-character-
istics of his lyrics, ib.-style, 192-
197-theory of poetical style, 197,
202-defects, 198-201-practice of
padding, 200.
Ball, John, 'Peaks, Passes, and
Glaciers,' edited by, 275.
Ballard, 'The Domesday Boroughs,'
59, note, 60, note, 61, note.
Barclay, Sir T., Problems of Inter-
national Practice and Diplomacy,'
250.
Bastiani, Lazzaro, the master of Car-
paccio, 497, 498.
Bateson, Mary, her works on the
English Boroughs, 54-56 et seq.
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Berger, P., William Blake,' 25.
Binyon, L., William Blake,' intro-
duction by, 25, 27.
Birrell, Mr, his Record in Ireland,
283-on its condition, 285-under
the Nationalist influence, 286-his
Irish Councils Bill, ib.-with-
drawal, 287-statement on cattle
driving, 288, 290-Bill for facili-
tating the restoration of evicted
tenants, 289-his admission of im-
potence, 290-declines to use the
Crimes Act, ib.
Blake, William, Poet and Painter,
24 works on, 25-28-character-
istics of his poetry, 28-34-his ex-
quisite ear for rhymes, 33-charac-
teristics of his prophetical writings,
34-main drift of his myth, 36—
faith in vision, 38-40-compared
with Flaubert, 39-misuse of lan-
guage, 40 The Marriage of
Heaven and Hell,' 41-character-
istics of his art, 42-46-his power
of self-delusion, 45-artistic treat-
ment of horses, 47-his frescoes,
48-method of painting, 49-relief-
etching of the Ancient of Days
striking the First Circle of the
Earth,' ib.-personal peculiarities,
50-religious views, 51-the 'Ghost
of Abel,' 52-his death, 53.
Bond, R. W., Ariosto,' 125.
Books and Pamphlets of the Civil
War, 505. See Civil War.
Borough, The English, 54—works
on, 54-56-definition, 56-58-free-
dom, 58-theory of rustic basis,
58, 64-artificial creation, 59-the
'garrison theory,' 60-various ori-
gins, 61-the ancient ceaster, 62—
'burh,' ib.-influence of war and
trade, 63-the Midlands, ib.-dis-
tinction between burh-right and
land-right, 64-advantages of the
burgh as a place of residence, 65—
growth of a municipal corporation,
66-associations of 'gilds-mer-
chant,' 67-69-origin of civic magis-
tracies in London, 69.
Borrow, George, The Bible in
Spain,' 23.
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Bosanquet, R. C., 'Greek Temples
and Early Religion,' 252.
Brentano, L., extract from 'Hours
and Wages in Relation to Produc-
tion,' 159.
Bright, John, his opposition to the
Ten Hours Bill, 158.
Broadley, Mr A. M., his collection
of Napoleonic matériel, 433.
Brodmeier, Dr Cecil, Die Shakes-
peare-Bühne,' 448, et seq.
Bryce, Rt Hon. J., his career as
Chief Secretary of Ireland, 284.
Buddhism, the worship of, 110-
characteristics, 111-sects, ib. See
Japan.
Burn, Richard, The Justice of the
Peace and Parish Officer,' 323.
Byron, Lord, 'Don Juan,' 151.
'Cambridge Modern History,' the
Napoleon volume, 419 et seq.
Carducci, Giosue, 293-representa-
tive of Italian genius, 294-his-
torian and teacher of literature,
295-the influence of Dante, ib.—
bias, 296-repudiation of romanti-
cism, 297-early odes, 297, 298-
efforts to recapture the Roman out-
look, 299-poets and public life,
301-303-the Latin literatures and
ours, 301-Italian unity, 303-com-
pared with Victor Hugo, ib.-hos-
tility to the Catholic Church, 304-
a pagan, 305-'Nozze,' ib.- Inno
a Satana,' 306-308-influence of
Heine, 309, 310-‘Odi Barbare,' 311,
317-their metrical originality, 311
-the poetry of country life, 311-
313-In una chiesa gotica,' 314—
poetry and the railway train, 315—
the historical poems, 318-apprecia-
tion of English poets, ib.-Mrs
Holland's translation, 320.
Carlyle, Thomas, on uncatalogued col-
lections of books, 505.
Carpaccio Vittorio, 491. See 'Genre
Painter and his Critics, A.'
Chamberlain, B. H., Things Japan-
ese,' 99.
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Chambers, Mr E. K., on the Eliza-
bethan stage, 444.
Champneys, Mr Basil, his Life of Pat-
more, 357.
Civil War, Books and Pamphlets
of the, 505-Carlyle on uncata-
logued collections, ib.-the British
Museum catalogue, 506-the Thom-
ason collection, ib.-bought for the
Museum, 507 contents of the
volumes, 508-510-the freedom of
the Press, 510-513-examples, 512
-the struggle between Presby
terians and Independents, 513-523
---observance of the Lord's Day, 514
-fast-days, 515-failure of the
Presbyterians, 516-witchcraft and
superstitions, 517, 518- intoler-
ance, 519-militant controversial-
ists, 520-Thomas Edwards, 520,
521—' Blasphemies and Heresies,'
522-the Personal Treaty' with
the King, 524-Pride's Purge, 524,
525.
China, influence on Japan, 109.
Christianity, history of, in Japan,
118.
Clarke, H. Butler, 'Modern Spain,'
3, 13.
Coal Mines, Eight Hours' Day in,
155-demand for legislative enact-
ment, 156-result of reduction in
wages, 157-Ten Hours Bill, 158-
result of an eight hours' day on
the production, 159, 165–167-prac-
tical working, 160-influence of
the export trade on price, 161-
distribution, 162-maximum price,
163-average hours of labour, 164
-result of suspension of the law
by the Government, 167-effect on
the export trade, 168-the shipping
industry, 169-Mr Gladstone's Bill,
170-terms of the French law, 171.
Collins, J. Churton, Dr Johnson's
'Lives of the Poets,' 72.
Comfort, Prof. W. W., The Heroic
Ideal of the French Epic,' 553.
Conway, Sir M., 'The Jubilee of the
Alpine Club,' 272.
Coolidge, W. A. B., 'Josias Simler et
les Origines de l'Alpinisme jus-
qu'en 1600'; 272, 274-editor of
the Alpine Journal, 281.
Crammond, Edgar, 'Gold Reserves,'
526.
Cunningham, P., Dr Johnson's 'Lives
of the Poets,' edited by, 74.
Dante, his view of the Italian dia-
lects, 133-choice of the lingua
Toscana, 134-a statesman as well
as a poet, 301.
Davis, H. W. C., 'The English
Borough,' 54.
Desbrière, Captain, views on the
Napoleonic invasion of England,
433.
Ducéré, M. E., 'Napoléon à Bayonne,'
441.
Eight Hours' Day in Coal Mines,
155. See Coal Mines.
Eliot, Sir C., 'The Religions of the
Far East. II. Japan, 98.
Elizabethan Stage, The, 442-
general ignorance on the subject,
443-efforts to remove it, 443, 444
-works, 444 et seq.-need of sifting
the evidence, 445-absence of stage
directions, 447-the theory of alter-
nation, 448-455-use of curtains,
449-the De Witt drawing, 450-
the theatre structure, ib.-three
stage regions, 451-difficulties of
the theory, ib.-the middle curtain,
452-461-Dr Brodmeier's alterna-
tive, 453-Exeunt omnes,' 454-
examples of possible alternation,
456-458-examples of the reverse,
458-461-the rear stage, 462-465-
examples, 465-468-description of
a typical stage, 468–471.
Ellis, E. J., 'The Real Blake,' 27,
et seq.
Eton House, A Famous, 399—A
miniature Iliad,' ib.-retrospect,
400 - the Evanses, 401 - Dames,
ib. William Evans, 402-his
daughters, 403-Jane Evans, 404-
her tact and spirit, 405-alumni
of the house, ib. their house
patriotism, 406-and good-fellow-
ship, 407-effects of our public-
school system, 408-410-improve-
ment in public schools, 411-de-
ficiencies of the boarding-school
system, 412-414—the ideal system,
414.
Evans family, the, at Eton, 401
et seq.
Fambridge, cost of reclamation works
at, 213.
Fisher, Mr H. A. L., on Napoleon's
intention to invade England, 433-
his Napoleonic Statesmanship in
Germany' reviewed, 438-441.
Flaubert, extract from, 39.
'Ford, Richard, the Letters of,' 22.
France, Loi relative à la Durée du
Travail dans les Mines,' 171-result
of the establishment of national
workshops, 207-211.
French Epic, The Heroic Ideal of
the, 553. See Heroic Ideal.
Fry, Roger, 'A Genre Painter and his
Critics,' 491.
Furtwängler, Prof. A., his book on
the Temple of Aphæa, 258.
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