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absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as may be provided.

SECT. XIII. Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behaviour, and, with the concurrence of two thirds, expel a member; but not a second time for the same cause; and shall have all other powers necessary for a branch of the legislature of a free state.

SECT. XIV. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and publish them weekly, except such parts as may require secrecy: And the yeas and nays of the members on any question shall, at the desire of any two of them, be entered on the journals.

SECT XV. The doors of each House, and of committees of the whole, shall be open, unless when the busines shall be such as ought to be kept secret.

SECT. XVI. Neither House shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place, than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.

SECT. XVII. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the commonwealth. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach or surety of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of the respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same: And for any speech or debate in either House they shall not be questioned in any other place.

SECT. XVIII. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he shall have been elected, be appointed to any civil office under this commonwealth, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which shall have been encreased, during such time; and no member of Congress, or

other person holding any office (except of attorney at law and in the militia) under the United States, or this commonwealth, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in Congress, or in office.

SECT. XIX. When vacancies happen in either House, the Speaker shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.

SECT. XX. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose amendments, as in other bills. SECT. XXI. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law.

SECT. XXI. Every bill, which shall have passed both Houses, shall be presented to the Governor: If he approve, he shall sign it; but if he shall not approve, he shall return it, with his objections, to the House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large upon their journals, and proceed to re-consider it: If, after such re-consideration, two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the objections, to the other House, by which likewise it shall be re-considered; and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall be a law. But in such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for or against the bill shall be entered on the journals of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, it shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the General Assembly, by their adjournment, prevent its return; in which case it shall be a law, unless sent back within three days after their next meeting.

SECT. XXIII. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of both Houses may be ne

cessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the Governor, and, before it shall take effect, be approved by him or, being disapproved, shall be re-passed by two thirds of both Houses, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in case of a bill.

ARTICLE II.

SECTION I. The Supreme Executive power of this commonwealth shall be vested in a Governor. SECT. II. The Governor shall be chosen on the second Tuesday of October, by the citizens of the commonwealth, at the places where they shall respectively vote for Representatives. The returns of every election for Governor shall be sealed up, and transmitted to the seat of government, directed to the Speaker of the Senate, who shall open and publish them in the presence of the members of both Houses of the Legislature. The person having the highest number of votes shall be Governor. But if two or more shall be equal and highest in votes, one of them shall be chosen Governor by the joint vote of the members of both Houses. Contested elections shall be determined by a committee, to be selected from both Houses of the Legislature, and formed and regulated in such manner as shall be directed by law.

SECT. III. The Governor shall hold his office during three years from the third Tuesday of December next ensuing his election, and shall not be capable of holding it longer than nine in any term of twelve years.

SECT. IV. He shall be, at least, thirty years of age, and have been a citizen and inhabitant of this state seven years next before his election; unless he shall have been absent on the public business of the United States, or of this state.

SECT. V. No memher of Congress, or person holding any office under the United States, or this state, shall exercise the office of Governor.

SECT. VI. The Governor shall, at stated times, receive, for his services, a compensation, which shall be neither encreased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected.

SECT. VII. He shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of this commonwealth, and of the militia; except when they shall be called into the actual service of the United States.

SECT. VIII. He shall appoint all officers, whose offices are established by this Constitution, or shall be established by law, and whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; but no person shall be appointed to an office within any county, who shall not have been a citizen and inhabitant therein one year next before his appointment, if the county shall have been so long erected; but if it shall not have been so long erected, then within the limits of the county or counties out of which it shall have been taken. No member of Congress from this state, nor any person holding or exercising any office of trust or profit under the United States, shall, at the same time, hold or exercise the office of Judge, Secretary, Treasurer, Prothonotary, Register of wills, Recorder of deeds, Sheriff, or any office in this state, to which a salary is by law annexed, or any other office, which future legislatures shall declare incompatible with offices or appointments under the United States.

SECT. IX He shall have power to remit fines and forfeitures, and grant reprieves and pardons, except in cases of impeachment.

SECT. X. He may require information, in writing, from the officers in the executive department, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices

SECT. XI. He shall, from time to time, give to the General Assembly information of the state of the commonwealth, and recommend to their con

sideration such measures as he shall judge expedient.

SECT. XII. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly; and in case of disagreement between the two Houses, with respect to the time of adjournment, adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper, not exceeding four months.

SECT. XIII. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed.

SECT. XIV. In case of the death or resignation of the Governor, or of his removal from office, the Speaker of the Senate shall exercise the office of Governor, until another Governor shall be duly qualified. And if the trial of a contested election shall continue longer than until the third Tuesday in December next ensuing the election of a Governor, the Governor of the last year, or the Speaker of the Senate, who may be in the exercise of the executive authority, shall continue therein until the determination of such contested election, and until a Governor shall be qualified as aforesaid.

SECT. XV. A Secretary shall be appointed and commissioned during the Governor's continuance in office, if he shall so long behave himself well: He shall keep a fair register of all the official acts and proceedings of the Governor, and shall, when required, lay the same, and all papers, minutes and vouchers, relative thereto, before either branch of the legislature, and shall perform such other duties as shall be enjoined him by law.

ARTICLE III.

SECTION I. In elections by the citizens, every freeman of the age of twenty-one years, having resided in the state two years next before the election, and within that time paid a state or county tax, which shall have been assessed at least six months before the election, shall enjoy the rights of an elec

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