The Lieutenant-General's staff, as named by him soon after his election that year, stood as follows: James Ferguson, AdjutantGeneral; Lewis Robison, Quartermaster-General; Albert P. Rockwood, Commissary-General of Subsistence; James W. Cummings, Paymaster-General; J. L. Dunyon, Surgeon-General; Hiram B. Clawson, Jesse C. Little and Joseph A. Young, Aides-de-Camp; Albert Carrington, Chief of Topographical Engineers; Thomas W. Ellerbeck, Chief of Ordnance; John T. Caine, Military Secretary; Wilford Woodruff and Franklin D. Richards, Chaplains; Edward P. Duzette, Chief of Music; Brigham Young, Jr., and Stephen Taylor, Color-Bearers General.

Soon afterward an election of officers was held in Salt Lake County. George D. Grant was chosen to succeed his brother Jedediah as Major-General and commander of the district; William H. Kimball and Franklin D. Richards were elected Brigadier-Generals; Robert T. Burton, Colonel of the First Regiment of Cavalry; Jesse P. Harmon, Colonel of the First Infantry; Thomas Callister, Colonel of the Second, and David J. Ross, Colonel of the Third. Lot Smith and John D. T. McAllister were chosen Majors of the First and Second Battalions of Cavalry. John Sharp, A. H. Raleigh, Seth M. Blair, Jonathan Pugmire, Jr., Harrison Burgess, D. D. McArthur, Franklin B. Woolley, Robert Smith, Frederick Kesler and David Pettigrew also ranked as Majors. William C. Dunbar succeeded Franklin D. Richards as Chaplain. Later Feramorz Little was made AssistantQuartermaster-General and N. V. Jones Assistant-Commissary-General of Subsistence, each with the rank of Colonel. On General Grant's staff were such names as Joseph M. Simmons, William H. Hooper, Darwin Richardson, Vincent Shurtliff, David Candland, and Alexander McRae. H. S. Beatie was General Kimball's adjutant. Among the corps of Topographical Engineers were William Clayton, Jesse W. Fox, Horace K. Whitney, Leo Hawkins, John V. Long, William Gill Mills, Thomas D. Brown, John Jaques, James H. Martineau, James Linforth, John Chislett, Orson Pratt, Jr., Aurelius Miner and D. Moeller. In the ordnance department were George B. Wallace,

Robert L. Campbell, Charles Colebrook, Henry Maiben, Edward Martin and J. M. Bollwinkel, Each district had a military storekeeper. The original occupant of that position in the Salt Lake District was Edwin D. Woolley.

Such were the officers and organization of the Nauvoo Legion at the time of the Echo Canyon campaign. It was a characteristic of that campaign, however, that official rank, in many cases, was temporarily waived and lost sight of; some officers acting in subordinate positions, and others serving as privates in the ranks. The Legion now numbered a little over six thousand men, about one-third of whom were in the field in the latter part of 1857.

The general officers chosen to conduct the campaign were: Daniel H. Wells, Lieutenant-General, commanding; Generals George D. Grant, William H. Kimball, James Ferguson and Hiram B. Clawson; Colonels Robert T. Burton, Nathaniel V. Jones, James W. Cummings, Chauncey W. West, Thomas Callister, William B. Pace, Warren S. Snow, Joseph A. Young and Albert P. Rockwood; Surgeon John L. Dunyon; Majors Lot Smith, John D. T. McAllister, Henry W. Lawrence, John Sharp, J. M. Barlow, Israel Ivins, John R. Winder and Robert J. Golding. Many others, such as O. P. Rockwell, E. K. Hanks et al. were detailed for special service as scouts and rangers.

The first officer to take the field was Colonel Robert T. Burton, who, on the 15th of August, in response to orders previously issued, at the head of a small company of cavalry started eastward from Salt Lake Valley, taking the regular emigrant route toward the Rocky Mountains. His instructions were to reconnoiter the country, protect the emigrant trains then on the way to the Valley, make observations respecting the numbers and equipment of the approaching army, and report the information to head-quarters. He had been ordered to take a hundred and sixty men, but started with only fifty, and was afterwards joined by a company of thirty men from Provo under Captain Clark. Among those who accompanied Colonel Burton were Colonel James W. Cummings, Majors J. M. Barlow and

Henry W. Lawrence, Captain Heber P. Kimball and Lieutenants J. Q. Knowlton and C. F. Decker.

Colonel Burton and his command reached Fort Bridger on the 21st of August. On the 26th they were at Pacific Springs, where the first emigrant company was encountered. Next day they met several large supply trains entirely unprotected by military escort, and on the 29th, leaving his wagons with half the men and animals on the Sweetwater, Colonel Burton proceeded with pack animals to Devil's Gate, arriving there on the 30th. The rest of his command soon joined him.

On September 1st Captain John R. Murdock, just from the States, having carried to the frontier the last mail under the Hiram Kimball contract, met Colonel Burton at Devil's Gate, and was entrusted by him with dispatches for Salt Lake City. Captain Murdock stated that in the east intense excitement reigned over the Utah question, and that it was confidently expected and hoped by many that the Government troops then moving westward would solve the Mormon problem with the sword. About this time Messrs. N. V. Jones and Bryant Stringam came along, bringing from Deer Creek the residue of property belonging to the B. Y. Express Company. They also proceeded on to the Valley.

Colonel Burton and his men remained in the vicinity of Devil's Gate, caching provisions for future use and reconnoitering further in that region. About the middle of September they began returning westward, traveling slowly and taking observations. Dispatches from Salt Lake City were next received and messengers were now kept almost constantly in the saddle between Burton's camp and headquarters. Among those first from the city were Orson Spencer, Joseph M. Simmons and Stephen Taylor. On September 21st, Colonel Burton with three men-Heber P. Kimball, Henry W. Lawrence and John Smith-returned eastward to the vicinity of Devil's Gate and camped next day within half a mile of the troops under Colonel E. B. Alexander,-the vanguard of the Utah Expedition. Burton and his command from this time hovered in close.

proximity to the advancing column until it arrived on Ham's Fork and established Camp Winfield, about twenty miles north-east of Fort Bridger. Alexander reached that point on the 28th of September, having made forced marches for several days in order to overtake and protect the supply trains which had preceded the army across the Rocky Mountains.

Throughout the Territory, since early in August, warlike preparations had been going forward, and the militia were now ready to take the field. Soon after Colonel Burton started on his tour of observation, a similar errand had been undertaken by a small company of the Weber County cavalry, under Marcellus Monroe, ajde-de-camp to Colonel West. This company numbered but twelve men. They ascended Ogden Hole Canyon, and passed over to Bear Lake, Bear River and across the mountains to Lost Creek, which they descended to the Weber and followed that stream home. The object of this expedition was to examine the mountain passes in the north, with a view to their future defense should the Government troops seek to force an entrance from that quarter.

On the 15th of September, one day after the departure of Captain Van Vliet from Salt Lake City and just before the troops entered Utah, Governor Young issued the following proclamation, placing the Territory under martial law.

PROCLAMATION BY THE GOVERNOR.

Citizens of Utah:

We are invaded by a hostile force, who are evidently assailing us to accomplish our overthrow and destruction. For the last twenty-five years we have trusted officials of the government, from constables and justices to judges, governors and presidents, only to be scorned, held in derision, insulted, and betrayed. Our houses have been plundered, and then burned, our fields laid waste, our principal men butchered while under the pledged faith of the government for their safety, and our families driven from their homes, to find that shelter in the barren wilderness, and that protection among hostile savages, which were denied them in the boasted abodes of Christianity and civilization. The constitution of our common country guarantees unto us all that we do now, or have ever claimed. If the constitutional rights which pertain to us, as American citizens, were extended to Utah, according to the spirit and meaning thereof, and fairly and impartially administered, it is all that we could ask; all that we have ever asked.