a member of the national convention that nominated Winfield Scott for the presidency: in 1856, elector on the Fremont ticket. Was judge of the court of common pleas in 1863-65, and was then raised to the supreme bench, serving thirteen years. Franklin College gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1867.-A. M. 1883. CHARLES L. HOWARD. Graded Examples and Problems in Arithmetic. By Charles L. Howard. Second Edition. St. Louis: American School Book Company. 1883. 16mo, 80 pp.-A. M. Charles L. Howard. A Complete Arithmetic for Common and Graded Schools. By Charles L. Howard. Knight, Loomis & Co., Boston, New York, Chicago. 12mo, 192 pages + 32 pages of Answers, and "Notes, Suggestions, and Solutions for Difficult Products." No date nor copyright.-A. M. 1883. M. FRENCH SWARTHOUT AND M. A. FARNHAM. Sheldon's Graded Examples in Arithmetic. First Book. By M. French Swarthout, and M. A. Farnham. Sheldon and Company, New York and Chicago. n. d. Copyright, 1883. 12mo, 205 pp. Second Book. By the same authors. 12mo. boards, 221 pp.-A. M. 1883. S. A. MORROW. Brevity, Simplicity and Utility, Applied to Business Calculations. By S. A. Morrow, of Eutaw, Ala. Published only by the Author. Price fifty cents. Address S. A. Morrow, Jackson, Tenn. 24mo, 78 pp.-A. M. 1883. D. M. GARRETT. (?) How to become Quick at Figures. Methods of Business Calculations. Nims & Company. 1886. Comprising the Shortest, Quickest and Best 12mo, 190 pp. No name on title page. Copyrighted by D. M. Garrett, probably the author, 1883.-A. M. 1883. NATHAN NEWBY. Outlines of Number Science. By Nathan Newby, Professor of Mathematics in the Indiana State Normal School, Terre Haute, Indiana. Terre Haute: Heleb & Goodwin Press. 1883. 16mo, 186 pp.-A. M. 1883. FISH'S ARITHMETICS. A two-book series of arithmetics by Daniel W. Fish, A. M., published by Messrs. Ivison, Blakeman & Co., New York, in 1883, as follows: 1. Arithmetic Number One, Oral and Written, 176 pages. 2. Arithmetic Number Two, Oral and Written, 336 pages. Number One is a real live book for pupils just beginning the subject. Children never need an arithmetic till they can read the problems. "Baby arithmetics" have no place in a well-conducted schoolroom. This is by far the best primary arithmetic the author has written. A fit companion volume is Number Two. For the average school these two books, with Robinson's Intellectual, form a good course. They are published by Messrs. Ivison, Blakeman & Co., New York. 1884. JOHN W. COOK'S ARITHMETIC. Methods in Written Arithmetic, by John W. Cook, is a neat little volume on the How to teach, consisting of 189 pages, printed in Chicago. It was published in Chicago in 1884. 1884. W. H. SADLER AND W. R. WILL. Sadler's Inductive Arithmetic. A Comprehensive and Practical Treatise, embracing the latest and most approved methods of performing numerical computations. Complete Edition. By W. H. Sadler, Associate Author of "Orton & Sadler's Business Calculator," "Sadler's Counting-House Arithmetic," President, Founder, and Proprietor of the Bryant, Stratton & Sadler Business College, Baltimore, and W. R. Will, Principal of the Mathematical Department of the Bryant, Stratton & Sadler Business College, Baltimore. Second Edition. Baltimore, Md.: W. H. Sadler, Publisher, Nos. 6 and 8 N. Charles St. 1885. Svo, 721 pp. A very comprehensive work.-A. M. 1884. HENRY A. JONES. An Aid to Numerical Calculation. Mental and Written. Containing New and Valuable Methods of Computation. Embracing a System of Abbreviated Multiplication, also a New Process and General System of Abbreviated Division. Adapted to and designed for the Use of Academies, Higher Schools, Private Schools, and the Higher Grade of Scholars in the Public Schools. Arranged by Henry A. Jones. Southington, Conn.: Jones & Savage. 1884. 16mo, 202 pp.-A. M. 1884. C. C. FIELDS. Practical Treatise on Cancellation and How to Cancel, Elemented in Common Sense Terms that All Can Understand. Giving Clear and Explicit Instructions How to Solve any Practical Mathematical Problem by Cancellation, Together with Many Different Methods of Multiplication, Addition, Division, and Their Proofs. Designed to Instruct All in the Shortest Possible Way of Solving Problems. Bristol, Tennessee: Published by C. C. Fields. 36mo, 124 pp.-A. M. 1884. GEORGE H. WOODWARD. 1000 Test Problems in Arithmetic, arranged for Drill in High Schools, Academies, and Normal Institutes. With an Appendix of Practical Outlines, Rules and Formulas. By George H. Woodward. Indianapolis, Indiana: Normal Publishing House, J. E. Sherrill, Proprietor. 1889. 12mo, 114 pp. Copyright 1884.-A. M. 1884. J. W. FREEMAN. Arithmetical Problems. A Choice Collection of Carefully Prepared Problems, Embracing all the Leading Operations of Arithmetic. By J. W. Freeman, Author of The Improved Geographical and Historical Cards. Chicago: A. Flanagan, Publisher. 18mo, 27 pp.-A. M. 1884. EDWARD ROTH. A Short Arithmetic Part First: The Four Rules especially prepared for Beginners at School and for those desirous of giving Instruction at Home. By Edward Roth, A. M. Philadelphia: No. 1135 Pine Street. 1884. 12mo, 100 pp.--A. M. 1884. MISSES ELLEN W. BOYD, JOSEPHINE S. SCHOFIELD, AND AUGUSTA HAYES St. Agnes School Arithmetic. Inscribed to the Graduates of the School. Albany, N. Y.: H. H. Bender, Publisher, 71 and 73 State Street. 1884. 18mo. 146 pp.-A. M. 1884. B. FRANK PINKERTON. The Practical Mental and Written Arithmetic, uniting Oral and Slate Work, and containing over 4500 Practical Problems. By B. Frank Pinkerton, Superintendent of Schools, Holidaysburg, Pa. 1884. 12no, 279 pp.-A. M. 1884. G. H. DISMUKES. The Practical Calculator, a Teacher and Guide for Solving all Practical Questions, in a Quick, Easy and Simple Manner, containing Rules that have never been Introduced to the Public. By G. H. Dismukes. Published for the Author. Paris, Texas. 24mo, 96 pp.-A. M. 1884. J. NEWTON SMITH. Handy Helps for those who Help Themselves. "Practice makes Perfect." Published by J. Newton Smith, New York. A very small book, cloth, gilt edges, not paged. Apparently of but little account.-A. M. 1884. K. W. DYNIEWICZ. Arytmetyka czyli Ksiazka Rachunkowa. Opracowal Podlug Arytmetyk: Amerykańskich K. W. Dyniewicz. Chicago, Illinois. Drukiem i Nakladem Wladyslawa Dyniewicza. 1884. 18mo, 120 pp.-A. M. 1885. NICHOLSON'S ARITHMETIC. There are three books in this series: 1. Primary Arithmetic, 91 pages, 1885; 2. Intermediate Arithmetic, 224 pages, 1885; 3. Complete Arithmetic, 329 pages, 1885. Prof. J. W. Nicholson, A. M., professor of mathematics in the Louisiana State University, did good work in the preparation of these books. The subjects are well arranged, the matter admirably selected, and the illustrations apt and pointed. F. E. Hansell & Bros., New Orleans, are the publishers. 1885. TOWNSEND'S ARITHMETICS. These arithmetics are published by Scranton, Wetmore & Co., Rochester, N. Y. Three books constitute the series. Each is a book of problems. Julius L. Townsend, the author, is principal of Franklin Grammar School, Rochester. The Primary Arithmetic contains 625 problems; the Intermediate Arithmetic, 700 problems; and the Grammar School Department, 2,000 problems. Good judgment is displayed in the selection and graduation of the problems. 1885. RICHARDS'S NATURAL ARITHMETIC. This is a 12mo. of 192 pages, published in 1885 by The Interstate Publishing Company of Boston and Chicago. The author, Hon. Zalmon Richards, Washington, D. C.. is a teacher of wide experience, and the Natural Arithmetic embodies his views of what should be taught in elementary schools as well as what should be omitted. The author claims that the Natural Arithmetic, "if properly used, will obviate most of these difficulties and shorten the time necessary to master it to one-half or less, at the same time secure greater efficiency." This statement is made to depend upon the following fundamental principles: 1. The name and meaning of every unit must be kept in mind; 2. The number of units of any name that makes one of the next higher must be kept in mind; 3. Numbers or units of different kinds must be reduced to the same before they can be added or subtracted. Numbers are again divided into four varieties, based upon the unit principle, namely: 1. Whole numbers or common units; 2. Decimal units; 3. Common fractional units; 4. Denominate units. These four varieties of numbers can each be used in four ways-added, subtracted, multiplied, divided. It remains now to teach the pupils to understand and to read the language of numbers, and then to use numbers in the ways indicated; but the application of numbers to the demands of life is regarded as the most difficult branch of this art. The volume is divided into the arithmetic proper, consisting of 122 pages, and an "Appendix for the Teacher's Use" of 70 pages. The size of the volume indicates the brief treatment of topics; yet the exercises, explanations, suggestions, etc., are admirably calculated to help both teacher and pupil. 1885. THE NEW ARITHMETIC, BY 300 AUTHORS. This is a compilation of problems by some 300 different contributors, arranged and edited by Mr. Seymour Eaton, and printed in Detroit by The Supplement Company. The exercises are grouped into 8 departments, each of which includes about 25 pages. The problems are such as require a moderate effort for the pupil of average ability. The book can be used advantageously by the teacher where the regular text does not supply enough problems for exercise. It is simply a book of problems. 1885. HERMAN MARTIN. Hawkeye Educational Series. Elementary Arithmetic. By Herman Martin, B. S., B. D. Miller, Girton & Waters, Des Moines, Iowa. 1885. 16mo, 179 pp.-A. M. 1885. FRANK H. HALL. Arithmetic of the Farm and Workshop. Designed for the More Advanced Pupils in District Schools, and for Supplementary Work in City Schools. By Frank H. Hall, Principal of Sugar Grove (Ill.) School. Chicago: Geo. Sherwood & Co. 1885. 16mo, 76 pp.-A. M. 1885. H. BRODT. Elementary Lessons in Arithmetic for Schools and Families. By H. Brodt, Professor of Pedagogy in Elmhurst College. Elmhurst, Illinois: H. Brodt. 1886. 12mo, 52 pp.-A. M. 1885. PRACTICAL TEACHER. An Appendage; or the Complete Arithmetic, Mental and Practical; with the Tables of Weight, Measure, Money, &c. By a Practical Teacher. New York, n. d. Pp. 170-217. Copyrighted 1855.--A. M. 1885. R. S. DAVIS. The Arithmetical Reviewer. Five Hundred Questions, Five Hundred Problems, and Five Hundred Mental Examples, embracing all the Leading Subjects of Arithmetic; together with numerous Notes, Diagrams, and Tables of Valuable Information. In Two Editions. The Pupil's Edition, containing only the Questions and Problems. The Teacher's Edition, containing Questions, Problems, Mental Examples, Notes, Diagrams and Tables; together with the Answers to both the Written and Mental Examples. By R. S. Davis, Principal of the North Hill School, Burlington, Iowa. Copyright by R. S. Davis, 1885. Small 18mo, not paged.-A. M. 1885. B. A. HATHAWAY. 1001 Questions and Answers on Arithmetic. Lebanon, Ohio: Published by the Author. 1887. 161 pp. Copyright 1885.-A. M. 1885. ELLEN L. BARTON. Language Lessons in Arithmetic. Written and Oral Exercises. By Ellen L. Barton, Principal Portland School for Deaf. Boston: Published by Ginn & Co. 1885. 239+195 pp.-A. M. 1885. S. W. GOODHUE. The Geometrical Bird Method in Mental Multiplication. The Inverted Pyramid Process in Written Multiplication. By S. W. Goodhue, Chicago: Printed by H. H. Hoffmann & Co. 1885. 18mo, 94 pp.-A. M. 1886. SHELDON'S TWO-BOOK SERIES. This series of arithmetics consists of the Elementary and the Complete Arithmetic. The Elementary Arithmetic takes the pupil through simple interest. The exercises judiciously combine oral and written work, while the Complete Arithmetic embraces all that is necessary in a work that is not a higher arithmetic. Together they contain 618 pages of printed matter, of which the Complete Arithmetic has 400 pages. In matter and form these two books reflect credit on the firm of Messrs. Sheldon & Co. The series was published in 1886. 1886. WELCH'S INTERMEDIATE PROBLEMS. This manual contains more than 2,000 problems in fractions, reduction, and decimals. It is a 12mo., 96 pages, prepared by Emma A. Welch, a teacher, and is published by C. W. Bardeen, Syracuse, N. Y., 1886. 1886. GEORGE SOULÉ. Soulé's Intermediate, Philosophic Arithmetic, embracing Oral and Written Problems involving the Great Principles of the Science of Numbers, and their Application to Practical Computations. The Philosophic System is used throughout this work. This System gives Strength, Acuteness, Expansion, and Depth to the Mind, and thus prepares it for active service in the field of practical Mathematics and upon the Highest Planes of Thought. Contractions in Numbers and Practical Work in Percentage, Interest, Mensuration of Surfaces and Solids, constitute special features of the Book. It is replete with new, practical problems, and it sparkles with the rarest gems of the Science of Numbers. The Metric System is also fully presented and clearly elucidated. By Geo. Soulé, Practical and Consulting Accountant, Commercial Lawyer, President of Soulé's Commercial College and Literary Institute, Author of Soulé's Scientific and Practical System of Book-keeping, The "Introductory Philosophic Arithmetic," "Contractions in Numbers," The Philosophic Drill Problems," and the "Analytic and Philosophic Commercial and Exchange Calculator." New Orleans. Published by the Author. 1886. 16mo, 511+52 pp.-A. M. 1886. D. J. O'DONNELL. O'Donnell's Perfected Science of Arithmetic, embracing New Principles, and Instant Methods of Solution. Instructions to Teachers, illustrating Methods of Developing the Powers of Reason, Judgment, Observation and Instant Perception, thus enabling the Private Student, without other Assistance, to become a Master of the Science. Rules and Formulas are Discarded. (Those "make-shifts for brains," which authors and teachers use to assist the student by taking away |