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FISCAL REGULATIONS.

country into the hands of Doña Carlota, Lord Strangford assured the Government that such letters were written, and such declarations made, entirely without authority. The sole object of Admiral Fleming's expedition, says the British ambassador at the Court of Rio de Janeiro, was to bring home specie.

A few fiscal regulations were made toward the close of this year, just worth noticing as indicative of a desire to improve. A premium of three per cent., exacted in all transactions, on hard dollars, was abolished as unfair in principle, and complicating mercantile transactions. The monopoly of tobacco was disallowed.

A frank and friendly invitation was held out to foreigners of all nations to settle in the new state; and the principle of artizans taking apprentices was enforced.

As illustrative of the persevering efforts of the Spaniards to regain their original ascendency, we have here to mention that though the last conspiracy was detected, and the leaders of it punished with death so lately as July of this year, the year was not destined to close without something of a similar attempt being made. Various

CONSPIRACY DETECTED.

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letters between the conspirators and the most influential individuals in the besieged garrison of Monte Video were intercepted; and they left no doubt that a second attempt at insurrection was at hand.

Five European Spaniards, the most undeniably implicated, were shot, and as usual gibbeted as a public, but loathsome spectacle.

The following regulations were then adopted on the 23rd of December against all European Spaniards :

1st. That they should not, on pain of death, congregate in one place to a number exceeding three.

2nd. That under the same penalty they should not be found on horseback, either in the capital, or its vicinity; and

3rd. That any one of them detected in an attempt to escape, whether to Monte Video or to any other place occupied by the enemy, should be instantly shot.

Yours, &c.

THE AUTHORS.

LETTER XXXV.

THE AUTHORS to GENERAL MILLER.

Complaints of the Court of Brazil-This Court, and the Government of Buenos Ayres-The Asamblea-Don Carlos de AlvearBelgrano's Victory in Peru-Terms of Capitulation-Ratified— Expedition from Lima against Chile-Vaccination introduced by Dr. Segurola-Bishop of Cordova-Paraguay-The Prueba and San Pablo-General O'Higgins-Defeat at Vilcapugiò.

London, 1842.

A BRAZILIAN vessel of war arrived at Buenos Ayres on the 16th January, 1813, bringing remonstrances from the Court of Rio de Janeiro, and from the British ambassador there, against the conduct of many officers of the army of the Banda Oriental, at the time that Brazil was giving effect to the treaty of peace between the two governments by quietly evacuating the Spanish American territory, in endeavouring to seduce the Portuguese troops, and to bribe their commanders, to join the ranks of Artigas and Rondeau.

The Buenos Ayres government solemnly dis

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avowed all knowledge of such unwarrantable conduct; and while it sent orders for the trial and punishment of the delinquents, reiterated its assurances of amity toward Brazil, respect for the English mediation, and firm purpose to preserve inviolate the treaty of peace so lately concluded. The truth is, that the Junta did not know of the underhand work which was going on in the army of the Banda Oriental, especially in that section of it commanded by Artigas. This chief, already determined not to keep terms with the Porteños, took every means in his power, in his own subtle manner and intriguing way, to throw discredit upon their cause, and sow discord among their troops.

On the 31st of January, 1813, the long looked for Asamblea opened its sessions in the capital under the following regulations: :

1st. That it is the depositary of the sovereignty of the united provinces of the River Plate, with the title of Sovereign Lord.

2nd. That the president be Don Carlos Alvear, the deputy for Corrientes.

3rd. That the secretaries be Don Valentin

Gomez and Don Hipolito Vieytes.

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4th. That the persons of the deputies are inviolable, and can neither be arrested nor judged, except as the assembly shall determine. 5th. That the executive power, with the title of "Supreme," remain in the hands of those who

now exercise it, until the assembly shall otherwise determine.

6th. That the executive and all other public bodies do forthwith take the oath of allegiance to the sovereign assembly.

7th. That the executive in issuing the assembly's

decrees shall call upon all to take notice that the "Sovereign Assembly has been pleased to decree, &c., as follows:"

There were some minor regulations on the installation of this august body; great public rejoicings took place; the executive bowed its head; and the deputies of the sovereign assembly, calling themselves the Areopagites of the New World, lost not a moment in further embroiling by anomalous laws and enactments the state which their wisdom was to have saved. The truth is, that at the bottom of all their proceedings lay an intrigue having for its object to pave the way to the directorial power, not

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