BOOK THE THIRD. ARGUMENT. After the other persons are disposed in their proper places of rest, the Goddess transports the King to her Temple, and there lays him to slumber with his head on her lap: a position of marvellous virtue, which causes all the Visions of wild enthusiasts, projectors, politicians, inamoratos, castle-builders, chemists, and poets. He is immediately carried on the wings of Fancy, and led by a mad poetical Sibyl to the Elysian shade; where, on the banks of Lethe, the souls of the dull are dipped by Bavius, before their entrance into this world. There he is met by the ghost of Settle, and by him made acquainted with the wonders of the place, and with those which he himself is destined to perform. He takes him to a Mount of Vision, from whence he shews him the past triumphs of the empire of Dulness, then the present, and lastly the future: how small a part of the world was ever conquered by Science; how soon those conquests were stopped, and those very nations again reduced to her dominion. Then, distinguishing the Island of Great Britain, he shews by what aids, by what persons, and by what degrees, it shall be brought to her Empire. Some of the persons he causes to pass in review before his eyes, describing each by his proper figure, character, and qualifications. On a sudden the scene shifts, and a vast number of miracles and prodigies appear, utterly surprizing and unknown to the King himself, till they are explained to be the wonders of his own reign now commencing. On this subject, Settle breaks into a congratulation, yet not unmixed with concern, that his own times were but the types of these. He prophecies how first the nation shall be over-run with Farces, Operas, and Shows; how the throne of Dulness shall be advanced over the Theatres, and set up even at Court: then, how her Sons shall preside in the seats of Arts and Sciences giving a glimpse, or Pisgah-sight, of the future fulness of her glory, the accomplishment whereof is the subject of the fourth and last book. THE DUNCIAD. BOOK III. 5 BUT in her Temple's last recess enclos'd, REMARKS. 10 Ver. 5, 6, &c.] Hereby is intimated, that the following Vision is no more than the chimera of the dreamer's brain, and not a real or intended satire on the present age, doubtless more learned, more enlightened, and more abounding with great geniuses in divinity, politics, and whatever arts and sciences, than all the preceding. For fear of any such mistake of our poet's honest meaning, he hath again, at the end of the Vision, repeated this monition, saying that it all passed through the Ivory gate, which, (according to the ancients) denoteth falsity. SCRIBLERUS. P. Ver. 8. He hears loud oracles, and talks with Gods;] Ogilby's version of the passage, imitated from Virgil, is: "When wond'rous shapes of fleeting forms appear, Prior, in his Simile: "In noble songs and lofty odes, We tread on stars, and talk with Gods.” IMITATIONS. Wakefield. Ver. 7, 8. Hence, from the straw where Bedlam's prophet nods, He hears loud oracles, and talks with Gods:] "Et varias audit voces, fruiturque deorum Colloquio Virg. Æneid. viii. P. The maid's romantic wish, the chemist's flame, And now, on Fancy's easy wing convey'd, In lofty madness meditating song; 15 Once swan of Thames, tho' now he sings no more; : REMARKS. Ver. 15. A slip-shod Sibyl] This allegory is extremely just; no conformation of the mind so much subjecting it to real madness, as that which produces real dulness. Hence we find the religious, as well as the poetical enthusiasts, of all ages, were ever, in their natural state, most heavy and lumpish; but on the least application of heat, they run like lead, which of all metals falls quickest into fusion whereas fire, in a Genius, is truly Promethean; it hurts not its constituent parts, but only fits it (as the furnace does well tempered steel) for the necessary impressions of art. But the common people have been taught, I know not on what foundation, to regard lunacy as a mark of wit, just as the Turks, and our modern Methodists, esteem it a mark of holiness. But if the cause of madness assigned by a great philosopher be true, it will unavoidably fall upon the Dunces. He supposes it to be the dwelling over long on one object or idea. Now, as this attention is occasioned either by grief or study, it will be fixed by dulness; which hath not quickness enough to comprehend what it seeks, nor force and vigour enough to divert the imagination from the object it laments. W. Ver. 19. Taylor] John Taylor, the Water-poet, an honest man, who owns he learned not so much as the accidence. A rare example of modesty in a poet! IMITATIONS. Ver. 15. A slip-shod Sibyl, &c.] "Conclamat Vates furens antro se immisit aperto." Virgil. "I must Benlowes, propitious still to blockheads, bows; 21 REMARKS. "I must confess I do want eloquence, And never scarce did learn my accidence; I there was gravell'd, could no farther get." He wrote fourscore books in the reign of James I. and Charles I, and afterwards (like Edward Ward) kept an alehouse in Long-Acre. He died in 1654. P. Ver. 21. Benlowes,] A country gentleman famous for his own bad poetry, and for patronizing bad poets, as may be seen from many Dedications of Quarles, and others to him. Some of these anagrammed his name, Benlowes into Benevolus; to verify which, he spent his whole estate upon them. P.t Ver. 21. Benlowes-Brown-Mears] How could he waste so much time, and throw away such charming poetry on objects so very unknown and despicable! What a state of anger and irritation must his mind (and such a mind!) have been in, during the many hours, nay years, he spent in writing the 1670 lines of the Dunciad! Warton. It does not appear from the passage referred to, that Pope was in any extraordinary state of anger or irritation when he wrote it. His object was to ridicule his enemies, and to induce others to laugh at them. Anger and irritation could not have effected this. In order to succeed, it was necessary that he should be "The master of our passions and his own." Ver. 22. And Shadwell nods the poppy, &c.] Shadwell took opium for many years, and died of too large a dose, in the year 1692. P.t Ver. 24. Old Bavius sits,] Bavius was an ancient poet, celebrated by Virgil for the like cause as Bays by our author, though not in so christian-like a manner. For heathenishly it is declared by Virgil of Bavius, that he ought to be hated and detested for his evil works; Qui Bavium non odit; whereas we have often had occasion to observe our poet's great good nature and mercifulness through the whole course of this poem, SCRIBLERUS. P. Mr. And blunt the sense, and fit it for a skull 25 Instant, when dipp'd, away they wing their flight, Where Brown and Mears unbar the gates of light, Demand new bodies, and in calf's array, Rush to the world, impatient for the day. 30 REMARKS. Mr. Dennis warmly contends, that Bavius was no inconsiderable author; nay, that "He and Mævius had (even in Augustus's days) a very formidable party at Rome, who thought them much superior to Virgil and Horace. For (saith he) I cannot believe they would have fixed that eternal brand upon them, if they had not been coxcombs in more than ordinary credit." Rem. on Pr. Arthur, part ii. c. 1. An argument which, if this poem should last, will conduce to the honour of the gentlemen of the Dunciad. P. Ver. 28. Brown and Mears] Booksellers, printers for any body. -The allegory of the souls of the dull coming forth in the form of books, dressed in calf's leather, and being let abroad in vast numbers by booksellers, is sufficiently intelligible. P. Lethæumque, domos placidas qui prænatat, amnem ; &c. Hunc circum innumeræ gentes," &c. Virg. Æneid. vi. P. Ver. 24. Old Bavius sits, to dip poetic souls,] Alluding to the story of Thetis dipping Achilles to render him impenetrable: "At pater Anchises penitus convalle virenti Inclusas animas, superumque ad lumen ituras, Virg. Æneid. vi. P. By no means with an intent to render him impenetrable; but merely in allusion to the passage in Virgil here quoted. Warton. Ver. 28. unbar the gates of light,] Milton. P. Ver. 31, 32. Millions and millions-Thick as the stars, &c.] P. |