again with joyous brotherly kindness to all men. His bearing too reminded one of the brave old Covenanter, whom no ills or fears could daunt, and gave the impression that he had a well-spring of life and health within him, that cheered himself and made those about him happy. He was a married man, and his wife, an American lady, was truly a helpmeet to her missionary husband. Though she had three young children, and from the smallness of her husband's missionary salary was unable to have much help in the way of servants, yet she made, or found, time to assist her husband in his work. Being well-educated, she opened a school for the Eurasian girls of his congregation, and spent her spare strength in teaching them, and preparing them to be good Christian wives and mothers, such as the heathen around might take a lesson from, and imitate.

regiments, notwithstanding their protestations of fidelity to their "salt," could no longer be trusted. The Lieutenant-Governor, Mr. Colvin, after consultation with the Brigadier and Mr. Drummond, the magistrate, resolved on disarming them next day. and sending the men to their homes. The Brigadier then went to prepare for the disarming, and the magistrate sent orders to rouse all the civilians and Christian clerks, and send them, with their wives and children, to rendezvous that had been appointed beforehand for their reception in the hour of danger.

Mr. Fullarton, with his wife and family, went to the one known as "Boldero's House," a bungalow perched on the top of an old lime-kiln, which from age was covered with sheltering trees, and clothed with grass. The Sabbath sun rose that morning on a strange scene in the usually well-ordered station of Agra.

Like a thunder-clap, the news of the Mutiny at Meerat, on the 10th of May, fell on the Agra community, and turned the whole current of men's thoughts from the duties and schemes of the day, and bade them prepare for the coming struggle. Duties had, however, to be continued, and Mrs. Fullarton's school was carried on, subject always to the pressing thought that the danger and suffering which had fallen on other stations must be expected some day in Agra. At that time, three native regiments, and one European regiment, with six guns manned by Europeans, formed the garrison of that station.

On Saturday night, the 30th of May, news arrived that some companies of one of the Agra regiments had mutinied at Muttra, a station thirty-five miles off, and had fired on their English officers. The Agra

Instead of early morning church, the troops, English and native, were assembled on parade, and there the natives, to their great astonishment, found themselves drawn up opposite the European regiment and guns with lighted port-fires, and ordered to lay down their arms. The great mass of men obeyed, as they had no time to make any arrangements, and, piling their arms, saw them carted away to the magazine in the fort. At night I visited "Boldero's bungalow" about ten o'clock. Outside the house lay groups of gentlemen under the trees, talking quietly over the events of the day, but with loaded double-barrelled guns and plenty of ammunition by their sides. In the verandahs, ladies and native ayahs lay pretty closely placed, while the floors of the rooms inside were strewn with about as many babies and young children as they could readily hold. With one or

two exceptions, the children were all asleep; but every now and then a sickly child would waken up and begin to scream. Immediately its watchful mother would start up, and go to its assistance, careful in approaching it lest she should step on any other lady's child. I saw Mr. Fullarton and his fellow-missionaries, with some other gentlemen, sitting or lying below one of the trees. The full moon shone through the leaves, and I remember well Mr. Fullarton's face turned up to speak to me with a look or word of thankfulness for the sparing and other mercies of the day. At his side, too, lay a doublebarrelled gun, which some gentleman had given him, knowing, however unwilling, his heart was stout enough to use it in defence of the helpless women and children.

That danger passed over, but in five weeks a mismanaged fight required the Christians to retire inside the Agra Fort, and Mr. Fullarton's house was burnt with the rest. But the lives of all the civilians and native Christians, with a few painful exceptions, were saved; in this respect being so much better off than the people at Cawnpore, Futtehghur, Delhi, and other stations. Distressing news from all these places harrowed the hearts of the Agra people, whose friends and relatives were the sufferers; but Mr. Fullarton, and the other American missionaries, were touched peculiarly by the massacres at Futtehghur.

At Futtehghur an American Presbyterian Mission had been long established, and abundantly prospered. The native converts there had been taught an industry which was of great use to the government and officers of the army. The best tents were made by them that could be had in India; the cloth was sure to be good, and all the ropes, poles, etc., of the best material. You were sure indeed of getting there the best article of its kind which you wanted, and good value for your money. The consequence was the community was largely patronised, and was rich and prosperous. The people had excellent houses, and their village was so clean that it was a model which the Christian could point out to the heathen with some pride and great satisfaction. Two or three American Presbyterian missionaries laboured there and in the neighbouring heathen city and villages. In the centre of the village stood a handsome little church with a spire, telling all around that Yisu Masih (Jesus the Messiah) was worshipped there.

Vainly did the English officers for weeks trust the deluded Sepoy garrison, and, to show their confidence, refuse to provision the fort. On the approach of another mutinous regiment, the garrison rose on the officers; and they, with the civilians,

41

missionaries, and others, had to flee for refuge to the fort. Starvation, however, soon drove them to the Ganges, where they embarked at night in boats, and dropped down the river. When opposite Cawnpore, about seventy miles down, they were, as we know, missionaries and all, foully butchered. The Sepoys and mob from Futtehghur (or rather Furruckabad, the name of the city) went off to the Christian village, wrecked it, and slew or shot all the Christians they could lay their hands on. News came to Agra that they had all perished, but presently other news came that some had escaped, and were wandering in the jungles. Again news kept coming of one and another being caught, tortured, and slain with the sword, or blown away from guns.

In those days there was no getting down from. Agra to help these people. At last, in October, the road was cleared. Havelock's victories threw terror into the native mind. Delhi fell, and a force detached from there came down to Agra, and in a

MEMORIAL CHURCH AT FUTTEHGHUR.

brilliant victory defeated an army that threatened the fort. It then passed down-country and joined Lord Clyde's army at Cawnpore, and he, before delivering his second attack on Lucknow, marched his headquarters up to Futtehghur. Mr. Fullarton, yearning after the remains of the Futtehghur flock, and hearing of this movement, joined Mr. Raikes, a civilian, in

the perilous attempt of reaching, without a guard, the commander-in-chief's camp, some seventy or eighty miles off. They started together one night on the mail-cart, and happily arrived in safety. About a week after, I and others had to follow, and I shall never forget my impressions on arriving in camp, and the first sight of the long and anxiously-looked-for army from home. The first thing I came on was the Artillery siege-train of monster guns, guarded by a party of the 42nd Highlanders, one of whom was standing sentry. His fresh English complexion, so different from what we were accustomed to, gave an impression of vigour and manhood which spoke of certain and speedy victory. I then went to the tent of my friend, the gallant young artillery officer and Christian soldier, Lieutenant Hastings Harington, so soon to be decorated with the Victoria Cross.

The next morning was Sunday, which was spent quietly in camp, with the usual early morning services for the troops on parade. In the forenoon, also, there was a separate service for the head-quarter staff, and any other officers who chose to attend, in the commander-in-chief's large tent. Harington and I went there, and a goodly sight it was to see the chiefs of England's brave army in the East coming voluntarily to church. One could not help looking on the manly fellows there, and wondering sadly who of them were to survive the deadly struggle they knew they were so soon to face. In a front place sat Colonel Adrian Hope, commanding the 42nd Highlanders, whose tall handsome figure made his reverent bearing and earnestness more conspicuous and telling and good as an example. He was one of those who not long after fell, trying to get his men out of a false position they were unfortunately sent to occupy.

In the afternoon, as the sun was beginning to go down, Harington and I were sitting in the tent, when "Harington sahib hai?" ("Is Mr. Harington here?") sounded outside as from a well-known voice. On going outside there was dear Fullarton, who had come from the city about two miles off to see Harington, and ask him to attend the first Sunday service he was to hold with the newly-found native Christians of Futtehghur.

We started at once. On the way down he told us the story of how, on his arrival in camp, about a week before, he had heard of some native Christians who had come to the city on being told that the English army was there. He determined to find them out, and, all alone, went down towards the town. On his way he met a blind Christian girl, led by a stranger. He at once recognised her, for he had seen her not long before the Mutiny began, when he was down assisting at a Communion service at Futtehghur. He stopped her, and asked where she was going. She said she was on her way to the English camp, to find a Padre Sahib, who, she heard, had arrived there. Fullarton told her he was the Padre Sahib she was in search of. The girl stood still, as if in a sore dilemma; the Mutiny days had made her suspicious. At last she said, "May I feel your coat?" "Certainly," said Mr. Fullarton. On which she felt the cloth, and recognised it as that worn by her old clergyman; then, catching his hand, she wept over it with joy. He asked her about the others, and was immediately conducted by her and her friend to a house in one of the streets. On being

admitted, Mr. Fullarton walked right into the inner court, and there saw a number of Christians sitting round, who stared at him for an instant, amazed. One of them recognised him, and all rose in a body with the happiness of those relieved from long-continued anxiety and fear. He represented the return of the Christian government, and his presence among them was an assurance of deliverance out of all their troubles. Their deep joy broke him down too, and he could not help mingling his tears with theirs. As Mr. Fullarton was telling us about them, we reached the city of Futtehghur, and were greatly struck with its sad appearance. About the hour when we got there the principal streets of a native town are usually filled with men on business, or strolling up and down meeting friends, and shopping. That evening we met very few. The shops were almost all shut, nor was there any of that "busy hum of men" which is so especially characteristic of Eastern cities. Most of the houses seemed deserted. people we did meet looked uneasy, no doubt, at the presence of the great English army and authority, after the scenes they had joined in or witnessed, without caring or daring to check.

The

Worst of all, they could not hide the state of preparation they were in to fight the English force, which was now at their doors. Their houses were loopholed all along the principal streets, by order of the Nawab and Sepoys; but on its arrival they and their rulers had lost heart, and the city now lay at the mercy of the English. What added to their difficulty was, that a Sepoy army was advancing on Futtehghur, full of the promise that they would, within the week, destroy the English army, and restore the authority of the "Nawab." As the boasts of coming victory were no doubt loud and deep, we can fancy there were many who believed the deeds would not belie the words. At last we reached a native house, where Mr. Fullarton stopped, and said that there he was to have his first regular Sunday service with the remnants of the Futtehghur native Christians. We entered through a court-yard, and ascended by some steps to the roof of the house, where was an open space of about twenty feet square. On the street side there was a screen-wall some four or five feet high, which protected the people of the house from the vulgar gaze of the passers-by. The walls of the neighbouring houses were also so raised and arranged that the people in them could not see us, nor could we see them. The most noticeable thing was that the screen-wall on the side next the street was loopholed for musketry, as in so many other of the houses. Who the owner was we did not know, though no doubt Mr. Fullarton and the native Christians did; but he had thought it prudent to leave his house, with his property, and stay away from home till the present storm had passed. the farther end of the roof from the street was a covered-in verandah, for sitting in during the day or sleeping in at night. There Mr. Fullarton took his stand, and was joined by an English-speaking native, whom he introduced to us as a Catechist,' and one who had been of good repute for long among the Christian community. The man had an intelligent, pleasant, and unassuming expression and manner, but his garments were in a miserable state. Had we not known his circumstances, we would not readily have believed that a respectable native Christian stood before us. Presently the congrega

66

At