pendent on the labouring classes of the auxiliaries, who feed and caress them, minister to all their wants, and carry them wherever the temperature of the air is most grateful. In a word, they are gentlemen, waited on by their domestics, who appear to retain no sense of the injury that has been done them by their masters, but bear towards them the tender affection of children towards their parents. The more cruel relation of master and of slave seems, indeed, to be entirely excluded from this singular association of insects 1.

The lamented KIRKE WHITE, whose poems furnished our volume for 1814 with one of the sweetest Odes in the English language (see p. 23), has pencilled The Summer's Eve' with great truth and delicacy:

-

Down the sultry arc of day

The burning wheels have urged their way,
And Eve, along the western skies,
Sheds her intermingling dyes.
Down the deep, the miry lane,
Creeking comes the empty wain,
And driver on the shaft-horse sits,
Whistling now and then by fits;
And oft, with his accustomed call,
Urging on the sluggish Ball.

The barn is still, the master's gone,
And thrasher puts his jacket on;
While Dick, upon the ladder tall
Nas the dead kite to the wall.
Here comes shepherd Jack at last,
He has penned the sheep-cote fast,
For 'twas but two nights before
A lamb was eaten on the moor;
His empty wallet Rover carries,

Nor for Jack, when near home, tarries;
With lolling tongue he runs to try
If the horse-trough is not dry.
The milk is settled in the pans,

And supper messes in the cans;

1 See M. Huber's Recherches sur les Mœurs des fourmis indi

genes, and Edinburgh Review, vol. xx, p. 143.

In the hovel, carts are wheeled,
And both the colts are drove a-field;
The horses are all bedded up,
And the ewe is with the tup.
The snare for Mister Fox is set,
The leaven laid, the thatching wet;
And Bess has slinked away to talk
With Roger in the holly-walk.

Grouse-shooting usually commences towards the latter end of this month. The grouse (tetrao tetrix) is found chiefly among the mountains in Scotland, and on the moors of Yorkshire, and in some parts of Wales. The male is two feet in length, and weighs nearly four pounds; while the female is only about half that length and weight. Their principal food is derived from the tops of heath, and the cones of the pine-tree, by which they acquire a delicate flavour, and are speedily fattened.

The author of FOWLING, a Poem,' thus describes the grouse, when shot, with the different sorts of this bird: :

Their eyes so bright of late,
Surmounted by a brow of scarlet fringe,
How dull and heavy now! yet still their plumes
Retain their colour, red and white immixed,
With transverse bars, and spots of sable hue.
Most common these-yet grouse of other kind
The fowler often finds, of larger growth
And glossy jet, black-game or heath-cock termed.
Nor are the red on ev'ry heathy moor

Or rocky mountain found; full many a waste,
Washed by the southern or the western main,
Has ne'er received them, though abundant else
In store of footed or of feathered game.

But in the north the lovely race is found

More frequent; chief where Scotia spreads at large
Her heaths, her mountains, and her glitt'ring lochs,
With piny forests intersected oft,

Primeval Nature, simple and august.

Beneath those deep and solitary shades,

With native freedom blest, the wild deer roves;

The ptarmacan and capperthaily there,

Jealous and shy, glide through the verdant gloom.

The maritime plants which flower in July, are the club rush (scirpus maritimus), bearded cat's tail grass (phleum crinitum), bulbous fox tail grass (alopecurus bulbosus), the reflexed and creeping meadow grass (poa distans and maritima), the field eryngo (eryngium campestre), parsley water drop-wort (cenanthe pimpinelloides), smooth sea-heath (frankenia lævis), and the golden dock (rumex maritimus); all of which are to be found in salt marshes.

On sandy shores may be seen the sea-mat weed (arundo arenaria), upright sea-lime grass (elymus arenarius,) the sea lungwort (pulmonaria maritima), the sea bind-weed (convolvulus soldanella), saltwort (salsola), sea-holly (eryngium maritimum): prickly samphire (echinophora spinosa), and the sea-lavender (statice limonium), are found on maritime rocks; and the sea pea (pisum maritimum) on rocky shores. -(See Naturalist's Diary for last month, p. 183, 184).

About the middle of this month, pilchards (clupea pilchardus) appear in vast shoals, off the Cornish coast. (See T. T. for 1814, p. 196.)

Lobsters and prawns are taken in this month. The lobster-pot is a wicker basket, formed of a concave shape upon the top, and, in construction, resembles a wire mouse-trap, or sparrow-basket; by which means the fish, when once in the toil, can never extricate itself. To these pots they are allured by the smell of the putrid fish or other garbage, cut up in small pieces which serves as food for the crabs and lobsters, after being confined in the snare; as they are frequently left for days by the owner, ere he puts to sea in order to inspect his pots. The spot where the pots are sunk is known by floating corks, which are affixed to cords fastened to the top of the baskets. Lobsters and crabs are also caught with other fish, in hauling the seine.

The prawning-net is of a conical form, attached to an iron hoop, and thence to a pole. The times for prawning are at the new and full of the moon, as

the tides are then lowest, leaving more rocks and sand to be tried by the persons who follow this employ.

Among the various fish and marine productions, "frequently found in the seine with a haul of mackerel, or other fish, the following may be mentioned: -The piper, a small beautiful fish, which varies in its shades of pink; when dressed, its flavour is much admired by some persons. The blin resembles the whiting in size and colour, but is, by no means, equal to it in flavour. Mullets, or sea-woodcocks as they are denominated on the coast, on account of their excellence, are both of a red and grey cast; the former, however, are the most esteemed, and and are cooked woodcock fashion, the entrails being dressed in the fish.

To feast upon the John Dory, the celebrated Quin said he would travel an hundred miles; and was even known to affirm, that his only desire was to have a throat a mile in length, and stuffed with dories. This fish, when no larger than the hand, is very delicious when fried; but this can only be had on the sea coast, as they will not keep. It is astonishing to remark how often the dory changes colour when dying; nor is it less wonderful to observe, that, when placed one upon the other, their sides become of a scaly whiteness.

The jellied squib,' often found in the nets of the fishermen, is not unlike a bladder distended and lengthened; it has a long snout, and throws forth at black liquor, offensive to the smell. The fishermen have an idea that the squib poisons the mackerel, with the hauls of which fish it is constantly taken. The bull-fish is a very extraordinary creature, possessing no external show whatsoever, either of limbs or membranes; and, in appearance, is precisely like a round lump of jelly. The bull, when caught in summer, with other fish, which very frequently occurs, is immediately cut into four pieces by the fisherman, in

order to destroy it, as it is said to contain a deadly poison.

One of the most wonderful of the marine productions is the amone, which possesses a kind of fungous consistency, that fastens to the rocks, while the part presenting itself to the eye has the appearance of small snakes, of variegated colours, which are in constant motion. This creature is found in the little pools interspersed among the rocks, which, when the tide retires, leaves sufficient water to cover them until the influx of the sea.

The frill is inclosed in shells, exactly like those of the cockle; it is eaten raw, as well as in sauce, and its flesh displays a most beautiful scarlet hue.-See the Fisher Boy, a Poem,' which gives a good account of his various employments, in the different seasons of Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter.

The farmer's labours in this month are various and important. In the southern parts of the island the corn harvest commences; but August is, generally, dedicated to this grateful employment; though, in some districts, the work of the sickle is protracted till September or even October. The hay-harvest in the north is generally completed in July. Flax and hemp are pulled in this month.

Description of Forest Trees.

[Continued from p. 187.]

HORNBEAM (carpinus betulus).-The hornbeam grows in woods and hedges, flowers in May, and is much used in forming screens or tall hedges; if sheltered, it preserves its leaves throughout the winter. This tree thrives best on barren and exposed situations: if intended for trees, it is propagated by seed as soon as it is ripe; when designed for hedges and underwood, by layers. It will bear lopping and transplanting, and grows quickly.

The hornbeam is a very valuable tree, and grows to