UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. HYGIENE AND PUBLIC HEALTH. Professor CORFIELD, M.D., will begin a Course of Twelve Lectures en this subject on Tuesday, May 20th, at 12 o'clock. The subsequent Lec- Secretary to the Council. ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. The Anniversary Meeting will be held, by permission of the Chancellor and Senate, in the Hall of the University of London, Burlington Gardens, on MONDAY, May 26th, at 1 p m., Major-General Sir Henry C. Rawlin,K.C. B., President, in the chair. The Diener will take place at Willis's Rooms, at half-past 6 on the same day, Major-General Sir H. C. Rawlinson, K. C. B., in the chair. Dinner Charge, One Guinea, payable at the door, or Tickets to be had and Places taken at 1, Savile Row, Burlington Gardens. The Friends of Members are admissible to the Dinner. [PRICE FOURPENCE [All Rights are Reserved. Telescopes, Microscopes, and other Scientific Apparatus, by order of the Mr, J. C. STEVENS will include in his Microscopes, Telescopes, and other Scientific Property.-Important Sale. tions from the Executrix of the late Dr. HENRY BEAUMONT LEE- May be viewed the day before, from 4 to 6 o'clock, and the morning of sale, and Catalogues had. Insects, Cabinets, and Books. GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, 4. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Mr. J. C. STEVENS has received instruc- Tuesday, the 20th inst., at 8 o'clock P. M. precisely. Paper to be read :- LINNEAN SOCIETY, Burlington House, Piccadilly, 10th May, 1873-The ANNIVERSARY MEETING of this Society will be held here on Saturday, the 24th of this month, at Three o'clock precisely, for the Election of a Council and Officers for the ensuing year. FREDERICK CURRY, Secretary. Now ready, with 48 Wood Engravings, crown 8vo, 55. NOTES on NATURAL PHILOSOPHY By G. F. RODWELL, F.R. A. S., Lecturer on Natural Philosophy in Guy's Hospital, Science Master in J. and A. CHURCHILL, New Burlington Street. tions to Sell by Auction, at his Great Room, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, on Wednesday, May 21st, at half-past 12 precisely, the Important Collection of FOREIGN COLEOPTERA and LEPIDOPTERA formed by the late THOMAS NORRIS, Esq., of Preston, together with the Mahogany and Rosewood Cabinets, also a Cabinet of British Lepidoptera and the Valuable Library of Entomological Works. On view the day prior and morning of sale, and Catalogues had. RECENT PUBLICATIONS. PROFESSOR HUXLEY'S CRITIQUES and ADDRESSES. 8vo, Ios. 6d. [This day. CONTENTS:-Administrative Nihilism. The School Boards: what they can do and what they may do. On Medical Education. Yeast. On the Formation of Coal. On Coral and Coral Reefs. On the Methods and Results of Ethnology. On some Fixed Points in British Ethnology. Paleontology and the Doctrine of Evolution. Biogene-is and Abiogenesis. Mr. Darwin's Critics. The Genealogy of Animals. Bishop Berkeley and the Metaphysics of Sensation. (By the same Author-LAY SERMONS, ADDRESSES, AND REVIEWS. New Cheaper Edition. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d.) THE LIFE and LETTERS of JAMES DAVID FORBES, F.R.S., late Principal of the United College in the University of St. Andrews. By J. C. SHAIRP, LL.D., Principal of the United College in the University of St. Andrews, P. G. TAIT, M.A., Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh, and A. ADAMS-REILLY, F. R. G.S. With Portrait, Map, and Illustrations. 8vo, 16s. [This day. "Not only a biography that all should read, but a scientific treatise without which the shelves of no physicist's library can be deemed complete."-Standard. THE MYSTERY of MATTER, and OTHER ESSAYS. By the Rev. J. A. Picton. Crown 8vo, 10s. 6d. CONTENTS:-The Mystery of Matter. The Philosophy of Ignorance. The Antithesis of Faith and Sight. The Essential Nature of Religion. Christian Pantheism. CALIBAN: THE MISSING LINK. By Daniel Wilson, LL.D., Professor of History and English Literature in University College, Toronto. 8vo, 10s. 6d. A SECOND SERIES OF HISTORICAL ESSAYS. late Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. 8vo, 10s. 6d. By E. A. Freeman, M.A. D.C.L., CONTENTS:-" Ancient Greece and Medieval Italy ;” “Mr. Gladstone's Homer and the Homeric Ages ;" "The Historians of Athens;" "The Athenian Democracy;" Alexander the Great ;""Greece during the Macedonian Period ;" "Mommsen's History of Rome;" "Lucius Cornelius Sulla;" "The Flavian Cæsars." (FIRST SERIES, SECOND EDITION, 8vo, 10s. 6ď.) OLD-FASHIONED ETHICS, and COMMON-SENSE METAPHYSICS, with some of their Applications. By W. T. THORNTON, Author of "A Treatise on Labour." 8vo, 10s. 6d. II. History's Scientific Pretensions. III. David Hume as a Metaphysician. IV Huxleyism. V. Recent Phases of Scientific Atheism. VI. Limits of Demonstrable Theism. CONTENTS -I. Ante-Utilitarianism. STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF THE RENAISSANCE. By Walter H. Pater, THE SCIENTIFIC BASES OF FAITH. By J. J. Murphy, Author of "Habit and Intelligence." 8vo, 14s. THE INTELLECTUAL LIFE. By P. G. Hamerton. Crown 8vo, 10s. 6d. [This day. THE CHILDHOOD OF THE WORLD. A Simple Account of Man in Early Times. [This day. MACMILLAN & CO., London. WORKS BY SIR SAMUEL BAKER, F.R.G.S. THE NILE TRIBUTARIES of ABYSSINIA and the SWORD HUNTERS of the HAMRAN ARABS. Fourth and cheaper Edition, with numerous Illustrations and Maps. Crown 8vo, 6s. The Times says:-" It solves finally a geographical riddle which hitherto had been extremely perplexing, and it adds much to our information respecting Egyptian Abyssinia and the different races that spread over it. It contains, moreover, some notable instances of English daring and enterprising skill; it abounds in animated tales of exploits dear to the heart of the Bilish sportsmin; and it will attract even the least studious reader, as the author tells a story well, and can describe nature with uncommon Įower." THE ALBERT N'YANZA GREAT BASIN of the NILE, and EXPLORATION of the NILE SOURCES. Third and cheaper edition, with numerous Illustrations and Maps. Crown 8vo, 6s. "The author, while he equals other African explorers in judgment and daring, far exceeds them in literary capacity. He has produced two volumes which can be read straight through with ease and pleasure."-Guardian. "Charmingly written, full-as might be expected--of incident, and free from that wearisome reiteration of useless facts which is the drawback to almost all books of African travel.”—Spectator. MACMILLAN & CO, London In Svo, cloth, extra gilt, with nearly ico Illustrations and 8 Coloured Maps and Plans, price 31s. 6d. THE DEPTHS This day. OF THE SEA. AN ACCOUNT OF THE GENERAL RESULTS OF THE DREDGING CRUISES O H.M.S. Lightning and Porcupine during the Summers of 1868-69-70, under the Scientific Direction of Dr. Carpenter, F.R.S., J. Gwyn Jeffreys, F.R.S., and Dr. Wyville Thomson, F.R.S It was the important and interesting results recorded in this volume that induced the Government to send out the great Expedition now launched under the scientific guidance of Dr. Wyville Thomson, which is spoken of as “the most important surveying expedition which has ever sailed from any country. "Nothing can be more complete than the account of the scientific results of these voyages, which are fully illustrated by odcuts of the strange forms of life brought from the dark depths of the ocean, by charts of soundings, and elaborate tables of the deep-sea temperatures."-Daily News. που "Even to the non-scientific reader, who understands neither Latin names nor Miller-Casella" thermometers, this book may still be full of interest, if he who glances at it cares to see what a wonderful world he lives in, and how very little he knows of it. The book is worth having only for its illustrations. Looking at the engravings, it is not too much to say that no such illustrations of the peculiarly delicate and complicated forms of lower animal life have yet appeared."-Times. "It is not too much to say that all who wish to follow what the Challenger does, must be acquainted with what had been done by the other vessels previously lent by the Admiralty. This copiously illustrated, most interesting, and valuable record of invaluable research."-Standard. ... Second Edition, in imperial 8vo, cloth, extra gilt, price 31s. 6d., Illustrated by Eleven Coloured Plates and 455 Woodcuts. This Day, THE FORCES OF NATURE: A POPULAR INTRODUCTION to the STUDY of PHYSICAL PHENOMENA, Translated from the French by Mrs. NORMAN LOCKYER, and Edited, with Additions and Notes, by Book I. Gravity.-Book II. Sound.-Book III. Light.-Book IV. Heat.-Book V. Magnetism.-Book VI. The Electric Light.-Book VII. Atmospheric Meteors. "Translator and editor have done justice to their trust. The text has all the force and flow of original writing, combining faithfulness to the author's meaning with purity and independence with regard to idiom; while the technical precision and accuracy pervading the work throughout speak of the watchful editorial supervision which has been given to every scientific detail. Nothing can well exceed the clearness and delicacy of the illustrative woodcuts borrowed from the French edition, or the purity and chromatic truth of the coloured plates. Altogether the work may be said to have no parallel, either in point of fulness or attraction, as a popular manual of physical science. What we feel, however, bound to say, and what we say with pleasure, is that among works of its class no publication can stand comparison with it either in literary completeness or in artistic grace."Saturday Review, MACMILLAN & CO., London. AGRICULTURAL PUBLICATIONS THE PROPORTIONATE FATTENING and FLESH-FORMING QUALITIES of nearly all the Feeding Substances in general use by Farmers; also the Manurial Value of the Residue from each article. Opinions of the Press. "It is clearly a very useful indicator of the values of the foods for cattle."-Athenæum. "The chart cannot fail to be very useful to the keepers of horses and meat stock, and it will be an 'eye-opener' to many who will perceive how it is they have been so often disappointed after giving large prices for fancy foods."-Sporting Times. "A very useful table. The system is a very capital one, and we recommend our agricultural friends to in vest a shilling, and procure one of the tables published by the Agricultural and Horticultural Association."-Land and Water. Price One Shilling post free. THE AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST, A Monthly Journal, containing Reports and Vols. I., II., and III. of the “Agricultural Economist" for 1870, 1871, and 1872, price 7s. 6d. each. PREPARING FOR PUBLICATION (Second Edition). THE MINERAL CONSTITUENTS REMOVED FROM AN ACRE OF SOIL BY an Average Crop of Wheat, Oats, Barley, Turnips, &c. ; also the Proportionate Refertilising Effects of Guano, Superphosphates, Potash, Salts, Farmyard Manure, &c. Price One Shilling post free. LONDON: 176, FLEET STREET, E.C., AND 47, MILLBANK STREET, S.W. Be particular-FRED. EDGINGTON & CO., Rick Cloth, &c., Manu- ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, facturers to Her Majesty, 52 (only), Old Kent Road, London, S. E. A quantity of good Second-hand Government TENTS for sale, cheap. 309, REGENT STREET, W. LABORATORY and CLASS ROOMS are now open for ANALYSES. Pupils and Class and Private Studies. Investigations connected with Patents Conducted. Classes are now forming in Chemistry, Physics, and Steam. For Fees and Syllabus apply to the Professor of Chemistry, Scientific Department, Royal Polytechnic Institution. ROYAL COUNCIL OF EDUCATION.— GEOLOGY, BOTANY, &c. JOHN TYM, of Castleton (Peak of Derby shire) has on Sale a very large assortment of Minerals and Fossils, particularly from the Lias, Coal, and Mountain Limestone. Rare Specimens at reasonable prices. Students' Collections in Cabinets, 150 Specimens, 2 25., and so on in proportion (specially arranged to illus trate Lyell, Page, Alleyne, Nicholson, Dana, &c.). Dried Mosses and Ferns in elegant folios. Fluor Spar and Marble Ornaments. Catalogues post free. Address-John Tym, Castleton, near Sheffield. HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT and PILLS. -Wrongs and their Remedies.-When the safe treatment of disease by these purifying preparations is so simple, and the results so fully known, it seems almost unnecessary to ask the ailing to give them a trial. The Ointment is infallible in curing skin diseases, healing ulcers, arresting inflammations, reducing enlargements, and removing all external maladies. In all affections of the joints, gouty, rheumatic, and scrofulous attacks, by which the health of many is drained away, Holloway's Ointment and Pills will afford indescribable relief. For bad legs, that frequent curse of old age, these medicaments are a perfect remedy: they have healed thousands on whom the old treatment was worse than useless. THURSDAY, MAY 15, 1873 A VOICE FROM CAMBRIDGE II. THE questions raised by the Cambridge Memorial to which we referred last week are so important that no excuse is necessary for recurring to them. In the first place it may be remarked that the answer of Mr. Gladstone to the Cambridge memorialists, is quite such as any reasonable man might have looked for. University reform is not at present a political question in the vulgar sense of that word. The heart of the masses is not stirred by proposals concerning the tenure of fellowships. The religious element, or rather the sectarian element, has now been largely eliminated from the matter; there remains scarcely anything at stake save the interests of learning and science; and these, as we know, are things of very little value in the eyes of the present Government. The more one looks at the matter the more it is difficult to see what good the Cambridge Reformers expected to result from their respectable document. No fault can be found with the propositions of the memorial so far as they go. They are just such sound steady-going sober proposals as would naturally come from a body of quiet moderate officials who, on the whole, content with the general state of things, desired to see some practical amendments introduced, but dreaded to agitate, had a wholesome fear of radical changes, and above all, were not clear about the broad | features of the necessities which have to be met, or of the changes which have to be brought about. Until the public mind, to say nothing of the University mind, has gained some clear definite notions about the functions of a University, all attempts at reform must be partial or complete failures. of society, but is ill suited for every-day work. Now this sort of culture is not much sought after; for by hardheaded fathers whose sons have to get or to keep their living by their own exertions, it is sought for less and less year by year. The advocates of the view we are dealing with see this very clearly, and accordingly they contend, very logically, that since the world does not care greatly for this kind of culture, and will not send its sons to a University for that only, some other inducements must be provided. And these are found in the prize fellowships, more especially in the non-resident fellowships. A lad of parts whose friends would not send him to Oxford simply to gain that liberal education, "which softens the character and prevents its being strong," goes there because by show of possessing that culture which he despises or even hates, he gains a good round sum of money which it is worth his while to waste three or four years in getting. The third view, which at present has but few advocates, teaches that the University is a place where anyone and everyone may be trained for any and every respectable path of life, and where at the same time all the interests of higher learning and science are cared for. The advocates of this view say, Do not bribe men by fellowships to come to a University from which they will go carrying with them a very little learning, and that for the most part useless, and an artificial culture of doubtful value. Make it worth their while to come to the University, teach them there what they want to be taught, train them there as they desire to be trained, and there will be no need to bribe them with fellowships. They will then come to Oxford and to Cambridge as they are now going to Owens College, to London, to Newcastle, and to Germany. Take care at the same time that the teaching be not narrow and professional, broaden it with the diligent nurture of higher learning and science, and then there will be every hope of seeing true culture and useful education going hand in hand. Let the youth of the The prevalent theories concerning the office of a Uni- University have the opportunity of seeing the masterversity may be put in three categories. The first regards the University as an ecclesiastical Lursery. This was the original view, but now-a-days is passing out of mind, though tenaciously clung to by some resident members at either University. It only needs to be mentioned to be dismissed. The second looks upon Oxford and Cambridge as places where the young Tartars of modern English society are covered with a varnish of "culture," and polished into gentlemen. Dr. Lyon Playfair said in the House the other day that the Scotch University taught a man how to make a thousand a year, the English University how to spend it; and in saying this he simply put into forcible language the ideas which are prevalent among many members of the Universities. They distinctly and emphatically discard the idea that it is the duty of the University to equip a man for the struggle for a livelihood, to train him for business, for the arts, for the professions. Their token is "culture," not culture in the sense of higher learning, but in the sense of personal varnish, in the sense of a mental equipment which does not pay, and which is of no use to the owner in practical life, which is a bury and not a need, a sort of evening dress of the mind, which may be ornamental under the artificial lights No. 185-VOL. VIII. minds of the age at their work, so that they may be inspired by them to the highest reaches of thought. It appears to us that many of those who signed the Cambridge memorial had no clear ideas as to which of the above views they adhered; and hence the uncertain sound of their trumpet. Apparently the document was so loose that supporters of all three views signed it conscientiously; no wonder it fell without effect. It is unnecessary for us to say that the third view we have mentioned is one which we ourselves support. The real difficulty lies in this, how to change the old Universities to suit these new views, how to ring out the old ecclesiasticism and false culture and ring in useful training with high science and deep active learning and research. The difficulty of this task cannot be exaggerated. Long years of misrule have left suckers of jobbery, like bindweed in an old garden, which come up refreshed with every stirring of the soil. There is a mass of powerful conservatism which has to be striven against. There is a careless public and a still more careless Government which has to be roused. There are plenty of difficulties in the way. If the memorialists really have the reform of the old universities at heart, they will cease to memorialise feebly a feeble administration, and search dili D |