Warre, whiche requyreth preparacion of many instrumentes and thinges chargeable. Hall, Rich. III. fol. 27 a.

The strength of a veteran armie, (though it be a chargeable businesse) alwaies on foot, is that, which commonly giveth the law; or at least the reputation amongst all neighbour states. Bacon, Ess. XXIX. p. 128.

Charger, sb. (Matt. xiv. 8; Mark vi. 25). From Fr. charger, and O. E. charge, 'to load,' comes charger, 'that on which any thing is laid, a dish,' as the Hebrew word thus rendered (Num. vii. 13, &c.) is elsewhere given (Ex. xxv. 29). In the Promptorium Parvulorum we find Chargowre, vesselle, catinum.'

A charger, or great platter, wherein meate is caryéd. MazoBaret, Alvearie.

nomum.

In this one charger he serued vp at the table all kind of birds that either could sing or say after a man. Holland's Pliny, x..

51.

Chariot man, sb. (2 Chr. xviii. 33). A charioteer. A chariot man: a carter. Quadrigarius. Baret, Alvearie, s. v. Cart.

Charity, sb. (1 Cor. xiii. 1, &c.). From Lat. caritas, through Fr. charité. cha In the sense of 'love,' which is the meaning of the Greek, this word is used throughout by Wiclif, thus;

Neithir deeth, neithir lyf,...neither noon othir creature mai departe us fro the charite of God that is in Jesu Crist oure Lord (Rom. viii. 39, ed. Lewis).

It is now almost confined to one characteristic of brotherly love, viz. almsgiving.

I did euer allow the discretion and tendernes of the Rhemish translation in this poynt, that finding in the originall the word ἀγάπη and never ἔρως, doe euer translate Charitie, and neuer Love, because of the indifferencie and æquiuocation of the word with impure love. Bacon, Certaine Considerations touching the Church of England, ed. 1604.

Chaws, sb. (Ezek. xxix. 4; xxxviii. 4). Jaws; as the word is found in the modern spelling. The antiquated form chaw (chewe, in Surrey's Sonnets), connects the word with chew or chaw.

I wyll geue my selfe to death, by that means to abate the woulues violence: and to deliuer my obedient shepe out of his chawes. Udal's Erasmus, John, fol. 73.

Euen and leuel-ranged teeth, be either in both chaws alike, as in an horse; or els they be wanting before in the vpper chaw, as in kine, buls, oxen, sheep, and all such as chew cud.

Holland's Pliny, XI. 37.

Cheap, adj. (2 Esd. xvi. 21). From A.-S. ceap, price, sale. The original idea involved in the word is that of turning or exchange, which is still retained in the provincial chop, 'to barter,' and the same word as applied to the wind. So in Surrey's Sonnets:

Wherat full oft I smilde, to se, how all these three,
From boy to man, from man to boy, would chop and change

degree.

'Good cheap'= Fr. bon marché; we now use 'cheap' alone in the same sense: but the full phrase was formerly common. Latimer enumerates among the duties of a king,

To study God's book; ......to provide for the poor; to see victuals good cheap. Serm. p. 215.

And Shakespeare;

But the sack thou hast drunk me would have bought me lights as good cheap at the dearest chandlers in Europe. I Hen. IV. III. 3.

We also find better cheap for the comparative;

Which otherwyze hee myght have gotten better cheape (Life of Lord Grey of Wilton):

and the superlative best cheap;

They (the prioresses and nuns) regularly made choyce of such stipendiary priests to execute the cures whom they could haue best cheape, whom they called vicars. Nashe, Quaternio, p. 208.

From the same root chepynge 'a market place' occurs in Wiclif (Matt. xi. 16);

It is like to children sittynge in chepynge that crien to her peeris.

'To cheap' was used as a verb in the sense of 'to bargain, beat down in price.'

I see you come to cheap and not to buy.

Heywood, I Ed. IV. IV. 3.

Check, sb. (Job xx. 3). Reproof, rebuke. Generally derived from the same term as used in chess, Fr. échec, which is itself from the Persian shah, 'king,' used in the game to call attention to the danger of the king, as shahmát, 'check-mate,' signifies 'the king is dead.' That this was believed to be the etymology is clear from the following passages:

But gaue me suche vnkynde weordes, wyth suche tauntes and retauntes, ye in maner checke and checkemate to the vttermoste profe of my pacience. Hall, Rich. III. fol. 106.

But whatever be the derivation, the meaning is obvious from the manner in which the noun and verb are used.

I never knew yet but rebuke and check was the reward of valour. Shakespeare, 2 Hen. IV. IV. 3.

It is difficult however to accept the above etymology. The A.-S. ceacheting, 'a rebuking, seems to be connected with ceáca, 'a cheek, jaw,' as we find chawl, 'to chide,' in O. E. from chawl or jowl (A.-S. ceaft, whence O. E. chavling), and check has probably a similar origin.

Check, v.t. (Ex. v. c.). To rebuke, reprove.

And they that were crucified with hym, checked hym also. Udal's Erasmus, Mark xv. 32.

I have checked him for it and the young lion repents; marry, not in ashes and sackloth, but in new silk and old sack.

Shakespeare, 2 Hen. IV. I. 2. Cheek-teeth, sb. (Joel i. 6). The molar teeth.

As for the farthest cheek-teeth in a mans head, which be called Genuini, [i. the Wit-teeth] they come about the time that he is about 20 yeares old, and in many at 80 yeares of age. Holland's Pliny, XI. 37.

Cheer, sb. Fr. chère, 'the countenance, aspect:' faire bonne chère, to be cheer cheerful,' as in Latimer (Serm. p.56):

While we live here, let us all make bone cheer.

In the original sense of 'face, countenance,' it occurs frequently;

But he that king with eyen wrothe
His chere aweiward fro me caste.

Gower, Conf. Am. 1. p. 46.

Ibid.

She cast on me no goodly chere.

All fancy-sick she is, and pale of cheer
With sighs of love, that cost the fresh blood dear.

Shakespeare, Mid. N.'s Dr. III. 2.

He ended; and his words their drooping cheer
Enlightened.

Milton, P. L. VI. 496.

Hence, 'to be of good cheer'=to be cheerful, is to exhibit in the countenance the signs of gratification and

joy.

Be of good cheer,

You are fallen into friendly hands, fear nothing.

Shakespeare, Ant. and Cleop. V. 2.

And this literal sense of the word Latimer evidently had in his mind when he said;

Come not to thy neighbour whom thou hast offended, and give him a pennyworth of ale or a banquet, and so make him a fair countenance;

and immediately after,

I grant you may both laugh and make good cheer. Serm.

р. 20.

Chested, pp. (Gen. 1. c.). coffin = Germ. kiste, Lat. cista. Chest is

A.-S. cist, a chest, coffer,
Coffined, placed in a coffin.

quently used for coffin in Chaucer, e. g.

Let him farwel, God give his soule rest,
He is now in his grave and in his chest.

Wife of Bath's Prol. 6084.

He is now deed, and nayled in his chest.

Clerk's Prol. 7905.

Sythen your body is nowe wrapte in chest,
I pray God to gyve your soule good rest.

Hawes, Pastime of Pleas. cap. 14.

M. Varro reporteth, that Marius Maximus, and M. Tullius, were but two cubits high, and yet they gentlemen and knights of Rome: and in truth we our selues haue seen their bodies how they lie embalmed and chested, which testifieth no lesse. Holland's Pliny, VII. 16.

First after his departure his body was well seared, wrapt in lead, and chested. Funeral of the E. of Derby, 1574 (Dallaway).

Chief city, sb. (Acts xvi. 12). Metropolis, capital.

When Alexander was before Gaza, the chiefe city of Syria, there fell a clodde of earth vppon his shoulder, out of the which there flew a bird into the aire. North's Plutarch, Alex. p. 731.

Chiefest, adj. This and other instances of the double superlative are very common in our version, as they are in the writings of that period generally. Thus we have in the Psalms 'most highest,' 'most mightiest,' &c.

He toucheth all men hymselfe beeyng moste purest: he healeth all men as one moste myghtiest. Udal's Erasmus, Luke, fol. 62 г.

He hath lost his chieftest capten and greatest souldier he had. Leycester Corresp. p. 245.

The chiefest wisdome is, either in ordering those things, which are generall, and wherein men of severall factions doe nevertheless agree; or in dealing with correspondence to particular persons, one by one. Bacon, Ess. LI. p. 207.