proved to be the British frigate Java. Commodore Bainbridge immediately closed with the enemy, and in less than one hour and fifty minutes he compelled her to surrender. The decayed state of the Constitution, and other circumstances, combining to interfere with the original plan of the cruise, he afterwards returned to the United States. The arrangement, however, of the differences of the United States with Great Britain, did not let him remain long in the inaction of peace. Having superintended the building of the Independence, a ship of 74 guns, he had the honour of waving his flag on board the first line-of-battle ship belonging to the United States that ever floated. He was now ordered to form a junction with commodore Decatur, to cruise against the Barbary powers, who had shown a disposition to plunder our commerce. In company with his own squadron, he arrived before the harbour of Carthagena, where he learned that commodore Decatur had concluded a peace with the regency of Algiers. He now, according to his instructions presented himself before Tripoli, where he also had the mortification to learn that commodore Decatur had shorn him of his expected laurels, by a previous visit. He now effected a junction with commodore Decatur's squadron, and sailed for the United States, and arrived at Newport, Rhode Island, on the 15th November, 1815.

BROWN, NICHOLAS, a name endeared to science and literature, was an eminent merchant of Rhode Island. He died at Providence, May 29, 1791, in his 62nd year. The public buildings in Providence, sacred to religion and science, are monuments of his liberality.

BOONE, DANIEL, the first settler of the state of Kentucky, was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, about the year 1730. 1730. At the age of eighteen, he left his native place, and settled in the state of North Carolina. In company with five other individuals, he left that province in 1769, and journeyed as far as the Kentucky river, with a view of settling near it. He settled within 75 miles of the present town of Frankfort, where he built a stockade fort, a precaution absolutely necessary, to defend himself from the attack of the native Indians. This fort was afterwards called fort Boonsborough; and thus was formed the first settlement of the state of Kentucky.

In the year 1775, he conducted his wife and daughters to his new establishment, and was soon after joined by other families. At first he had to contend with a savage foe, and after several bloody rencontres, in one of which he was taken prisoner; and after enduring sufferings and hardships, which his courage and constancy surmounted, till he had an opportunity of making peace with his enemies. From this time until the year 1799, he spent his life in agricultural pursuits, and served occasionally his countrymen in the legisla- ture of Virginia.

Mr. Boone was not, however, to end his days amid the advantages of social life. After his courage and constancy, under the severest trials; after his long and unremitting labours, in perfecting his infant settlement; after rearing and providing for a numerous family, the prop of his old age, and the pride of his hoary years, which now entitled him to a civic crown, and to the gratitude of a generous people he suddenly finds that he is possessed of nothing; that his eyes must be closed without a home, and that he must be an outcast in his gray hairs. His heart is torn, his feelings are lacerated by the chicanery of the law, which deprives him of the land of which he was the first to put a

spade in, his goods sold: Cut to the soul, with a wounded spirit, he still showed himself an extraordinary and eccentric man. He left for ever the state, in which he had been the first to introduce a civilized population where he had so boldly maintained himself against external attacks, and shown himself an industrious and exemplary citizen; where he found no white man when he sat himself down amid the ancient woods, and left behind him half a million. He forsook it for ever; no entreaty could keep him within its bounds. Man, from whom he had deserved every thing, had persecuted and robbed him of all. He bade his friends and his family adieu for ever. He took with him his rifle and a few necessaries, and crossing the Ohio, pursued his way into the unknown and immense country of the Missouri, where the monstrous mammoth is even now supposed to be in existence. In 1800 he discovered the Boone's lick country, which now forms one of the best settlements of that state.

On the banks of the Grand Osage, in company with his son, he reared his rude log hut-around which he planted a few esculent vegetables-and his principal food, he obtained by hunting.—An exploring traveller, sometimes crossing the way of this singular man, would find him seated at the door of his hut, with his rifle across his knees, and his faithful dog at his side; surveying his shrivelled limbs, and lamenting that his youth and manhood were gone, but hoping his legs would serve him to the last of life, to carry him to spots frequented by the game, that he might not starve. In his solitude he would sometimes speak of his past actions, and of his indefatigable labours, with a glow of delight on his countenance, that indicated how dear they were to his heart, and would then become at once silent and dejected. Thus he passed through life till he had reached the age of ninety, when death suddenly terminated his earthly

recollections of the ingratitude of his fellow creatures, at a period when his faculties, though he had attained such an age, were not greatly impaired, September 26, 1820.

Col. Boone was a man of common stature, of great enterprise, strong intellect, amiable disposition, and inviolable integrity./

As a token of respect and regard for him, both houses of the General Assembly of the state of Missouri, upon information of his death being communicated, resolved to wear crape on the left arm, for the space of twenty days.

His body was interred in the same grave with his wife, at Charettee village, county of Montgomery, Missouri.

BARTLETT, JOSIAH, M. D., one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, was born at Amesbury, Massachusetts, in November, 1729. He received the rudiments of a classical education in his native town, and at the age of sixteen, commenced the study of physic, under the superintendence of Dr. Ordway.

At the age of twenty-one, he commenced. the practice of his profession at Kingston, New-Hampshire. He continued to practise with great success, and his integrity and decision of character soon attracted the attention and confidence of his fellow citizens. /

In the year 1765, Dr. Bartlett began his political career, as a representative to the legislature from the town of Kingston, and was annually elected till the revolution.

Not long before this period, however, jealousies had arisen between the British ministry and the people of the colonies, which was finally the ostensible cause of the bickering between Great Britain

and her colonies. It was contended by parliament, that the expenses arising out of the prosecution of the French war, should be defrayed by the colonies, and that they had full power to determine the way. On the other hand, the colonies denied the right of this assumption of power, but were willing to pay a proper proportion. Dr. Bartlett, on this occasion, took the side of the people, in opposition to all the arbitrary acts of parliament which afterwards followed. He was appointed a delegate to the general congress of 1774, to aid in the adoption of such measures as would secure the rights, liberties, and privileges of the colonies, and restore harmony between the two countries. The opening of the year 1775, instead of a reconciliation, brought about those portentous events which resulted in a revolution. In the mean time he was a member of the committee of safety, and of the provincial convention, and was actively engaged in matters relating to the welfare of the people.

On the 23d of August, 1775, he was chosen a delegate to congress, in the place of I. Sullivan, Esq. and took his seat accordingly. On the 23d of January, 1776, he was again re-elected to congress, and on the 12th, of June was appointed one of the committee to prepare and digest the form of confederation to be entered into between the colonies.

In the debates which preceded the signing of the Declaration of Independence, he firmly advocated its adoption; and on the memorable 4th of July, on taking the sentiments of the house, was the first called upon: he answered in the affirmation, and was followed in rotation by the members from the other states.

He was re-elected to congress, which met at York, Penn. in 1778.

In 1782, he was appointed a justice of the superior court, which office he held until he was made chief justice, in 1788.