More welcome touch his understanding's eye Than all the blandishments of sound his ear, Than all of taste his tongue. Nor ever yet The melting rainbow's vernal-tinctured hues To me have shone so pleasing, as when first The hand of science pointed out the path In which the sun-beams gleaming from the west Fall on the watery cloud, whose darksome veil Involves the orient; and that trickling shower Piercing through every crystalline convex Of clustering dew drops to their flight opposed, Recoil at length where concave all behind The internal surface of each glassy orb Repels their forward passage into air;
That thence direct they seek the radiant goal 115 From which their course began; and, as they strike In different lines the gazer's obvious eye, Assume a different lustre, through the breed Of colours changing from the splendid rose To the pale violet's dejected hue.
When spotless youth with solitude resigns To sweet philosophy the studious day, What time pale autumn shades the silent eve, 196 Musing I roved. Of good and evil much,
And much of mortal man my thought revolved; When starting full on fancy's gushing eye The mournful image of Parthenia's fate,
That hour, O long beloved and long deplored! 195* When blooming youth, nor gentlest wisdom's arts, Nor Hymen's honours gather'd for thy brow, Nor all thy lover's, all thy father's tears Avail'd to snatch thee from the cruel grave;. Thy agonizing looks, thy last farewell Struck to the inmost feeling of my soul
As with the hand of death. At once the shade More horrid nodded o'er me, and the winds With hoarser murmuring shook the branches. Dark As midnight storms, the scene of human things 205 Appear'd before me; deserts, burning sands, Where the parch'd adder dies; the frozen south, And desolation blasting all the west With rapine and with murder: tyrant power Here sits enthroned with blood; the baleful charms Of superstition there infect the skies,
Or shall we touch that kind access of joy, That springs to each fair object, while we trace Through all its fabric, wisdom's artful aim Disposing every part, and gaining still By means proportion'd her benignant end? Speak, ye, the pure delight, whose favour'd steps The lamp of science through the jealous maze Of nature guides, when haply you reveal Her secret honours whether in the sky,
The beauteous laws of light, the central powers 130 That wheel the pensile planets round the year Whether in wonders of the rolling deep, Or the rich fruits of all-sustaining earth, Or fine-adjusted springs of life and sense, Ye scan the counsels of their author's hand.
Thus I impatient; when, at once effused, A flashing torrent of celestial day Burst thro' the shadowy void. With slow descent A purple cloud came floating through the sky, And poised at length within the circling trees, Hung obvious to my view; till opening wide Its lucid orb, a more than human form Emerging lean'd majestic o'er my head, And instant thunder shook the conscious grove. Then melted into air the liquid cloud, And all the shining vision stood reveal'd. A wreath of palm his ample forehead bound, And o'er his shoulder, mantling to his knee, Flow'd the transparent robe, around his waist Collected with a radiant zone of gold Ethereal: there in mystic signs engraved, I read his office high and sacred name, Genius of human kind. Appall'd I gazed The god-like presence; for athwart his brow Displeasure, temper'd with a mild concern, Look'd down reluctant on me, and his words Like distant thunders broke the murmuring air.
Opinion's feeble covering, and the veil Spun from the cobweb fashion of the times To hide the feeling heart? Then nature speaks Her genuine language, and the words of men, 150 Big with the very motion of their souls, Declare with what accumulated force, The impetuous nerve of passion urges on The native weight and energy of things.
Vain are thy thoughts, O child of mortal birth And impotent thy tongue. Is thy short span Capacious of this universal frame? Thy wisdom all-sufficient? Thou, alas! Dost thou aspire to judge between the Lord Of nature and his works? to lift thy voice Against the sovran order he decreed, All good and lovely? to blaspheme the bandis Of tenderness innate and social love, Holiest of things? by which the general orb Of being, as by adamantine links, Was drawn to perfect union, and sustain'd From everlasting? Hast thou felt the Of softening sorrow, of indignant zeal So grievous to the soul, as thence to wish The ties of nature broken from thy frame; That so thy selfish, unrelenting heart Might cease to mourn its lot, no longer then The wretched heir of evils not his own? O fair benevolence of generous minds! O man by nature form'd for all mankind!
From morn to eve have stolen unmark'd away, While mute attention hung upon his lips, As thus the sage his awful tale began.
'Twas in the windings of an ancient wood,
He spoke; abash'd and silent I remain'd, As conscious of my tongue's offence, and awed Before his presence, though my secret soul Disdain'd the imputation. On the ground I fix'd my eyes; till from his airy couch He stoop'd sublime, and touching with his hand My dazzling forehead, Raise thy sight, he cried, And le: thy sense convince thy erring tongue. 270
I look'd, and lo! the former scene was changed; For verdant alleys and surrounding trees, A solitary prospect, wide and wild, Rush'd on my senses. "Twas a horrid pile
Wash'd from the naked roots of oak and pine The crumbling soil; and still at every fall Down the steep windings of the channell'd rock, Remurmuring rush'd the congregated floods With hoarser inundation; till at last They reach'd a grassy plain, which from the skirts Of that high desert spread her verdant lap, And drank the gushing moisture, where confined In one smooth current, o'er the lilied vale Clearer than glass it flow'd. Autumnal spoils Luxuriant spreading to the rays of morn,
Blush'd o'er the cliffs, whose half-encircling mound As in a sylvan theatre enclosed That flowery level. On the river's brink I spied a fair pavilion, which diffused Its floating umbrage 'mid the silver shade Of osiers. Now the western sun revealed Between two parting cliffs his golden orb, And pour'd across the shadow of the hills, On rocks and floods, a yellow stream of light That cheer'd the solemn scene. My listening powers
Were awed, and every thought in silence hung, 300 And wondering expectation. Then the voice Of that celestial power, the mystic show Declaring, thus my deep attention call'd.
Inhabitant of earth, to whom is given The gracious ways of Providence to learn, Receive my sayings with a steadfast earKnow then, the sovran spirit of the world, Though, self-collected from eternal time, Within his own deep essence he beheld The bounds of true felicity complete; Yet by immense benignity inclined To spread around him that primæval joy Which fill'd himself, he raised his plastic arm, And sounded through the hollow depth of space The strong, creative mandate. Straight arose 315 These heavenly orbs, the glad abodes of life Effusive kindled by his breath divine Through endless forms of being. From him its portion of the vital flame,
In measure such, that, from the wide complex 320 Of co-existent orders one might rise, One order, all-involving and entire. He too beholding in the sacred light Of his essential reason, all the shapes Of swift contingence, all successive ties Of action propagated through the sum Of possible existence, he at once, Down the long series of eventful time, So fix'd the dates of being, so disposed, To every living soul of every kind'
I look'd, and on the flowery turf there stood Between two radiant forms a smiling youth Whose tender cheeks display'd the vernal flower Of beauty; sweetest innocence illumed His bashful eyes, and on his polish'd brow Sate young simplicity. With fond regard He view'd the associates, as their steps they moved; The younger chief his ardent eyes detain'd, With mild regret invoking her return. Bright as the star of evening she appear'd Amid the dusky scene. Eternal youth
O'er all her form its glowing honours breathed, 410 And smiles eternal from her candid eyes Flow'd, like the dewy lustre of the morn Effusive trembling on the placid waves. The spring of heaven had shed its blushing spoils To bind her sable tresses: full diffused Her yellow mantle floated in the breeze; And in her hand the waved a living branch Rich with immortal fruits, of power to calm The wrathful heart, and from the brightening eyes, To chase the cloud of sadness. More sublime 420 The heavenly partner moved. The prime of age Composed her steps. The presence of a God, High on the circle of her brow enthroned, From each majestic motion darted awe, Devoted awe! till, cherish'd by her looks
The field of motion and the hour of rest, That all conspired to his supreme design, To universal good: with full accord Answering the mighty model he had chosen, The best and fairest of unnumber'd worlds
That lay from everlasting in the store of his divine conceptions. Nor content, ny one exertion of creative power His goodness to reveal; through every age, Through every moment up the tract of time His parent-hand with ever-new increase Of happiness and virtue has adorn'd
The vast harmonious frame: his parent-hand, From the mute shell-fish gasping on the shore, To men, to angels, to celestial minds
Arcund her honour'd head. A matron's robe White as the sunshine streams thro' vernal clouds, Her stately form invested. Hand in hand The immortal pair forsook the enamell'd green, Ascending slowly. Rays of limpid light Gleam'd round their path; celestial sounds were
For ever leads the generations on
To higher scenes of being; while supplied From day to day with his enlivening breath, Inferior orders in succession rise
To fill the void below. As flame ascends, As bodies to their proper centre move, As the poised ocean to the attractive moon Obedient swells, and every headlong stream Devolves its winding waters to the main; So all things which have life aspire to God, The sun of being, boundless, unimpair'd, Centre of souls! Nor does the faithful voice Of nature cease to prompt their eager steps Aright: nor is the care of heaven withheld From granting to the task proportion'd aid; That in their stations all may persevere To climb the ascent of being, and approach For ever nearer to the life divine.
And through the fragrant air ethereal dews Distill'd around them; till at once the clouds Disparting wide in midway sky, withdrew Their airy veil, and left a bright expanse Of empyrean flame, where spent and drown'd, Afflicted vision plunged in vain to scan What object it involved. My feeble eyes Endured not. Bending down to earth I stood, With dumb attention. Soon a female voice, As watery murmurs sweet, or warbling shades, With sacred invocation thus began.
Of man, thy offspring; from the tender seeds Of justice and of wisdom, to evolve
The latent honours of his generous frame; Till thy conducting hand shall raise his lot From earth's dim scene to these ethereal walks, The temple of thy glory. But not me, Not my directing voice he oft requires, Or hears delighted: this enchanting maid, The associate thou hast given me, her alone He loves, O Father! absent, her he craves; And but for her glad presence ever join'd, Rejoices not in mine: that all my hopes This thy benignant purpose to fulfil, I deem uncertain: and my daily cares Unfruitful all and vain, unless by thee Still farther aided in the work divine.
Folds with a mother's arms the fainting boy, Till life rekindles in his rosy cheek; Then grasps his hands, and cheers him with her
O wake thee, rouse thy spirit! Shall the spite Of yon tormentor thus appal thy heart, While I, thy friend and guardian, am at hand To rescue and to heal? O let thy soul Remember, what the will of heaven ordains Is ever good for all; and if for all, Then good for thee. Nor only by the warmth And soothing sunshine of delightful things, Do minds grow up and flourish.
By that bland light, the young, unpractised views
Of reason wander through a fatal road, Far from their native aim: as if to lie
She ceased; a voice more awful thus replied. O thou! in whom for ever I delight, Fairer than all the inhabitants of heaven, Best image of thy author! far from thee Be disappointment, or distaste, or blame; Who soon or late shalt every work fulfil, And no resistance find. If man refuse To hearken to thy dictates; or, allured By meaner joys, to any other power Transfer the honours due to thee alone; That joy which he pursues he ne'er shall taste, That power in whom delighteth ne'er behold. Go then, once more, and happy be thy toil: Go then! but let not this thy smiling friend
Inglorious in the fragrant shade, and wait The soft access of ever-circling joys,
Were all the end of being. Ask thyself, This pleasing error did it never lull
Here ceased that awful voice, and soon I felt The cloudy curtain of refreshing eve Was closed once more, from that immortal fire 505 Sheltering my eyelids. Looking up, I view'd A vast gigantic spectre striding on
Thro' murmuring thunders and a waste of clouds, With dreadful action. Black as night his brow Relentless frowns involved. His savage limbs 510 With sharp impatience violent he writhed, As through convulsive anguish; and his hand, Arm'd with a scorpion-lash, full oft he raised In madness to his bosom; while his eyes Rain'd bitter tears, and bellowing loud he shook The void with horror. Silent by his side The virgin came. No discomposure stirr'd Her features. From the glooms which hung around, No stain of darkness mingled with the beam Of her divine effulgence. Now they stoop Upon the river bank; and now to hail Tis wonted guests, with eager steps advanced The unsuspecting inmate of the shade.
As when a famish'd wolf, that all night long Haa ranged the Alpine snows, by chance at morn Sees from a cliff incumbent o'er the smoke Of some lone village, a neglected kid That strays along the wild for herb or spring; Down from the winding ridge he sweeps amain, And thinks he tears him: so with tenfold rage, The monster sprung remorseless on his prey. Amazed the stripling stood: with panting breast Feeble he pour'd the lamentable wail Of helpless consternation, struck at once, And rooted to the ground. The queen beheld His terror, and with looks of tenderest care Advanced to save him. Soon the tyrant felt Her awful power. His keen, tempestuous arm Hung nerveless, nor descended where his rage Had aim'd the deadly blow: then dumb retired With sullen rancour. Lo! the sovran maid
As late thy eyes beheld: for thou hast changed My nature; thy commanding voice has waked My languid powers to bear me boldly on, Where'er the will divine my path ordains Through toil or peril: only do not thou Forsake me; O be thou for ever near, That I may listen to thy sacred voice, And guide by thy decrees my constant feet. But say, for ever are my eyes bereft ? Say, shall the fair Euphrosyne not once Appear again to charm me! Thou, in heaven! O thou eternal arbiter of things! Be thy great bidding done: for who am I, To question thy appointment? Let the frowns Of this avenger every morn o'ercast
The cheerful dawn, and every evening damp With double night my dwelling; I will learn To hail them both, and unrepining bear
Thy wishes? Has thy constant heart refused The silken fetters of delicious ease? Or when divine Euphrosyne appear'd Within this dwelling, did not thy desires Hang far below the measure of thy fate, Which I reveal'd before thee? and thy eyes, Impatient of my counsels, turn away To drink the soft effusion of her smiles? Know then, for this the everlasting sire Deprives thee of her presence, and instead, O wise and still benevolent! ordains This horrid visage hither to pursue My steps; that so thy nature may discern Its real good, and what alone can save Thy feeble spirit in this hour of ill From folly and despair. O yet beloved! Let not this headlong terror quite o'erwhelm Thy scatter'd powers; nor fatal deem the rage Of this tormentor, nor his proud assault, While I am here to vindicate thy toil, Above the generous question of thy arm. Brave by thy fears and in thy weakness strong, This hour he triumphs: but confront his might And dare him to the combat, then with ease Disarm'd and quell'd, his fierceness he resigns 585 To bondage and to scorn: while thus inured By watchful danger, by unceasing toil, The immortal mind, superior to his fate, Amid the outrage of external things, Firm as the solid base of this great world, Rests on his own foundations. Blow, ye winds! Ye waves! ye thunders! roll your tempests on; Shake, ye old pillars of the marble sky! Till all its orbs and all its worlds of fire Be loosen'd from their seats; yet still serene, The unconquer'd mind looks down upon the wreck; And ever stronger as the storms advance, Firm through the closing ruin holds his way, Where nature calls him to the destined goal.
His hateful presence: but permit my tongue One glad request, and if my deeds may find Thy awful eye propitious, O restore The rosy-featured maid; again to cheer
This lonely seat, and bless me with her smiles. 635
He spoke; when instant through the sable glooms
With which that furious presence had involved The ambient air, a flood of radiance came Swift as the lightning flash; the melting clouds Flew diverse, and amid the blue serene Euphrosyne appear'd. With sprightly step The nymph alighted on the irriguous lawn, And to her wondering audience thus began.
Smites their distorted limbs and horrent hair; While every mother closer to her breast Catches her child, and pointing where the waves Foam through the shatter'd vessel, shrieks aloud As one poor wretch that spreads his piteous arms For succour, swallow'd by the roaring surge, As now another, dash'd against the rock, Drops lifeless down: O! deemest thou indeed No kind endearment here by nature given To mutual terror and compassion's tears? No sweetly-melting softness which attracts, O'er all that edge of pain, the social powers To this their proper action and their end? -Ask thy own heart; when at the midnight hour, Slow through that studious gloom thy pausing eye Lea by the glimmering taper moves around The sacred volumes of the dead, the songs Of Grecian bards, and records writ by fame For Grecian heroes, where the present power Of heaven and earth surveys the immortal page, Even as a father, blessing, while he reads The praises of his son. If then thy soul, Spurning the yoke of these inglorious days, Mix in their deeds and kindle with their flame; Say, when the prospect blackens on thy view, When rooted from the base, heroic states Mourn in the dust and tremble at the frown 655 Of cursed ambition; when the pious band Of youths who fought for freedom and their sires, Lie side by side in gore; when ruffian pride. Usurps the throne of justice, turns the pomp Of public power, the majesty of rule, The sword, the laurel, and the purple robe, To slavish, empty pageants, to adorn A tyrant's walk, and glitter in the eyes
Lo! I am here to answer to your vows, And be the meeting fortunate! I come With joyful tidings; we shall part no more- Hark! how the gentle echo from her ceil Talks thro' the cliffs, and inurmuring o'er the stream Repeats the accents; we shall part no more. O my delightful friends! well pleased on high 650 The father has beheld you, while the might Of that stern foe with bitter trial proved" Your equal doings; then for ever spake The high decree: that thou, celestial maid Howe'er that grisly phantoni on thy steps May sometimes dare intrude, yet never more Shalt thou, descending to the abode of man. Alone endure the rancour of his arm, Or leave thy loved Euphrosyne behind.
She ended; and the whole romantic scene 660 Immediate vanish'd; rocks, and woods, and rills, The mantling tent, and each mysterious form Flew like the pictures of a morning dream, When sunshine fills the bed. Awhile I stood Perplex'd and giddy; till the radiant power Who bade the visionary landscape rise, As uplo h.m I turn'd, with gentlest looks Preventing my inquiry, thus began.
Should never be divided from her chaste,
Her fair attendant, pleasure. Need I urge Thy tardy thought through all the various round Of this existence, that thy softening soul At length may learn what energy the hand Of virtue mingles in the bitter tide Of passion swelling with distress and pain, To mitigate the sharp with gracious drops Of cordial pleasure? Ask the faithful youth, Why the cold urn of her whom long he loved So often fills his arms; so often draws His lonely footsteps at the silent hour, To pay the mournful tribute of his tears! O! he will tell thee, that the wealth of worlds Should ne'er seduce his bosom to forego That sacred hour, when, stealing from the noise Of care and envy, sweet remembrance soothes With virtue's kindest looks his aching breast, And turns his tears to rapture.-Ask the crowd Which flies impatient from the village-walk To climb the neighbouring cliffs, when far below The cruel winds have hurl'd upon the coast Some helpless bark; while sacred pity melts The general eye, or terror's icy hand
Of such as bow the knee; when honour'd urns Of patriots and of chiefs, the awful bust And storied arch, to glut the coward rage Of regal envy, strew the public way With hallow'd ruins; when the Muse's haunt, The marble porch where wisdom wont to talk With Socrates or Tully, hears no more, Save the hoarse jargor of contentious monks, Or female superstition's midnight prayer! When ruthless rapine from the hand of time Tears the destroying sithe, with surer blow To sweep the works of glory from their base; 45 Till desolation o'er the grass-grown street Expands his raven-wings, and up the wall, Where senates once the price of monarchs doom'd, Hisses the gliding snake through hoary weeds 749 That clasp the mouldering column; thus defaced, Thus widely mournful when the prospect thrills Thy beating bosom, when the patriot's tear Starts from thine eye, and thy extended arm, In fancy burls the thunderbolt of Jove
To fire the impious wreath on Philip's brow, 755 Or dash Octavius from the trophied car; Say, does thy secret soul repine to taste The big distress? Or wouldst thou then exchange Those heart-ennobling sorrows for the lot Of him who sits amid the gaudy herd Of mute barbarians bending to his nod, And bears aloft his gold-invested front, And says within himself, "I am a king,
And wherefore should the clamorous voice of wo
Of man so close, what wonder if to search
This common nature through the various change Of sex, and age, and fortune, and the frame
Of each peculiar, draw the busy mind
With unresisted charms? The spacious west, And all the teeming regions of the south
Hold not a quarry, to the curious flight Of knowledge, half so tempting or so fair, As man to man. Nor only where the smiles Of love invite; nor only where the applause Of cordial honour turns the attentive eye On virtue's graceful deeds. For since the course Of things external acts in different ways
Pleasure in observing the tempers and manners of men, even where vitious or absurd.-The origin of vice, from false representations of the fancy, producing false opinions concerning good and evil.-Inquiry into ridicule. The general sources of ridicule in the minds and characters of men, enumerated.-Final cause of the sense of ridicule.-The resemblance of certain aspects of inanimate things to the sensations and properties of the mind. The operations of the mind in the production of the works of imagination, described. The secondcry pleasure from imitation.-The benevolent order of the world illustrated in the arbitrary connection of these pleasures with the objects which excite them.-The nature and conduct of taste. -Concluding with an account of the natural and moral advantages resulting from a sensible and wellformed imagination.
WHAT wonder therefore, since the endearing ties | And only guides to err. Then revel forth Of passion link the universal kind
A furious band that spurn him from the throne; And all is uproar. Thus ambition grasps
The empire of the soul: thus pale revenge Unsheaths her murderous dagger; and the hands Of lust and rapine, with unholy arts, Watch to o'erturn the barrier of the laws That keeps them from their prey: thus all the
On human apprehensions, as the hand
Of nature temper'd to a different frame
Peculiar minds; so haply where the powers
Of fancy neither lessen nor enlarge The images of things, but paint in all
Their genuine hues, the features which they wore In nature; their opinion will be true,
And action right. For action treads the path In which opinion says he follows good, Or flies from evil; and opinion gives Report of good or evil, as the scene Was drawn by fancy, lovely or deform'd: Thus her report can never there be true Where fancy cheats the intellectual eye, With glaring colours and distorted lines. Is there a man, who at the sound of death Sees ghastly shapes of terror conjured up, And black before him; nought but death-bed groans And fearful prayers, and plunging from the brink Of light and being, down the gloomy air, An unknown depth? Alas! in such a mind,
If no bright forms of excellence attend
The image of his country; nor the pomp Of sacred senates, nor the guardian voice Of justice on her throne, nor aught that wakes The conscious bosom with a patriot's flame; Will not opinion tell him, that to die, Or stand the hazard, is a greater ill Than to betray his country? and in act Will he not choose to be a wretch and live? Here vice begins then. From the enchanting cup Which fancy holds to all, the unwary thirst Of youth oft swallows a Circæan draught, That sheds a baleful tincture o'er the eye Of reason, till no longer he discerns,
See! in what crowds the uncouth forms advance: Each would outstrip the other, each prevent Our careful search, and offer to your gaze, Unask'd, his motley features. Wait a while, My curious friends! and let us first arrange In proper order your promiscuous throng.
Behold the foremost band; of slender thought, And easy faith; whom flattering fancy soothes 85 With lying spectres, in themselves to view Illustrious forms of excellence and good, That scorn the mansion. With exulting hearts They spread their spurious treasures to the sun,
And tid the world admire! but chief the glance 90 Of wishful envy draws their joy-bright eyes, And lifts with self-applause each lordly brow. In number boundless as the blooms of spring, Behold their glaring idols, empty shades By fancy gilded o'er, and then set up For adoration. Some in learning's garb, 50 With formal band, and sable cinctured gown,
The wicked bear, or o'er the trembling scene The trag. muse discloses, under shapes Of honour, safety, pleasure, ease or pomp, Stole rst into the mind. Yet not by all Those lying forms which fancy in the brain Engenders, are the kindling passions driven To guilty deeds; nor reason bound in chains, That vice alone may lord it: oft adorn'd With solemn pageants, folly mounts the throne, And plays her idiot-anticks, like a queen. A thousand garbs she wears; a thousand ways She wheels her giddy empire.-Lo! thus far With bold adventure, to the Mantuan lyre I sing of nature's charins, and touch well-pleased A stricter note: now haply must my song Unbend her serious measure, and reveal In lighter strains, how folly's awkward arts Excite impetuous laughter's gay rebuke; The sportive province of the comic Muse.
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