And if (Matt. xxiv. 48). 'And if' or 'an if,' for 'if' simply, is a redundant expression of very common occurrence in old writers. (Compare or ere.) Mr Wedgwood regards both as fragments of the same English word even. On the other hand Horne Tooke derives an from the A. S. unnan, and if from gifan, both signifying 'to give.' The latter, though plausible, is rendered extremely doubtful by the analogy of the old Norse ef, from ifa to doubt. On the other hand the usage of gif in old English and of gin in Scotch seems to support Horne Tooke's etymology. We find and constantly used for if.

O swete and wel biloved spouse deere
Ther is a counseil, and ye wold it heere.

Chaucer, 2nd Nun's Tale, 1. 12073.

So wole Crist of his curteisie,
And men crye hym mercy,
Bothe forgyve and forgete.

Piers Ploughman's Vis. 1. 11849.

Yhit suld him thynk, and he toke kepe,
His lyfe noght bot als a dreme in slepe.

Rolle, The Pricke of Conscience, 1. 8075. And you love me, let's do 't: I am dog at a catch. Shakespeare, Tw. Night, II. 3.

And certainly, it is the nature of extreme selfe-lovers, as they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their egges. Bacon, Ess. XXIII. p. 97, l. 21.

'And if' as frequently occurs.

But and if we have this livery, if we wear his cognizance here in this world, that is, if we love our neighbour, help him in his distress, be charitable, loving and friendly unto him, then we shall be known at the last day. Latimer, Serm. p. 452.

I pray thee, Launce, and if thou seest my boy,

Bid him make haste, and meet me at the North gate.

Shakespeare, Two G. of V. III. I.

Yes but you will my noble grapes, and if

My noble fox could reach them.

Id. All's Well, II. I.

Anger, v.t. (Ps. cvi. 32; Rom. x. 19). To make angry, provoke to anger, enrage.

The chiefest cause as it is saied that angered Pyrrus most grew upon this. North's Plutarch, Pyrrus, p. 424.

Not as compelled or driuen thereto for any perill that he seeth but angred at their folly that assaile or set vpon him. Holland's Pliny, VIII. 16.

Angle, sb. (Is. xix. 8; Hab. i. 15). A fishing rod with line and hook; from A. S. angel a fish-hook. One of the treatises in the Boke of St Alban's (1496) is 'of fysshynge with an angle:

Give me mine angle,-we'll to the river: there,
My music playing far off, I will betray
Tawny-finn'd fishes.

Shakespeare, Ant. and Cl. II. 5.

The Temple church, there have I cast mine angle.

Ben Jonson, Alchemist, II. 1.

'Angil-hoc' occurs in Wiclif, Is. xix. 8.

Anon, adv. (Matt. xiii. 20; Mark 1. 30). Immediately, at once. Several derivations have been proposed. An one scil. minute vel instant,' Junius. A. S. on-án, Minsheu. (See quot. 3.)

Anoon I swowned after.

Piers Ploughman's Vision, 1. 10831.
Right now the highe windes blowe
And anon after they ben lowe.

Gower, Conf. Am. prol. I. p. 34.

So it by-felle hym sonne onone.

Sir Isumbras, 1. 521.

There issued out of Him as I shall entreat anon drops of blood. Latimer, Serm. p. 222.

It occurs in the form in one or in oon, which probably led to the etymology proposed by Junius.

That ever in one aliche hot
Me greveth.

Gower, Conf. Am. 1. 297.

But ever in oon y-like sad and kynde.

It is written also 'among.'

Chaucer, Clerk's Tale, 1. 8478.

But ever among they it assaile

Fro day to night and so travaile.

Gower, Conf. Am. 1. 348.

The idea involved in anon is that of unbroken continuation. Compare the common expressions on and on,' and 'an end,' as in Massinger, A very Woman, III. I:

For she sleeps most an end;

that is, without intermission.

Answer, is used in the A. V. with considerable latitude of meaning. It does not necessarily imply that a question has been previously asked, though there is usually reference to something that has gone before. One of the most marked instances is Acts v. 8, where St Peter is said to have answered Sapphira though apparently she had not spoken, and he really asked a question. Other noteworthy instances are 1 Kings xiii. 6; Ís. lxv. 24; Dan. ii. 14, 15, 26; Matt. xi. 25; xii. 38; xvii. 4; xxii. 1; xxvi. 25, 63; Mark ix. 5; xi. 14; Luke iii. 16; xxii. 51; Rev. vii. 13. In 2 Tim. iv. 16 it is used as a substantive to denote an apology or defence in a court of justice.

Anything (Num. xvii. 13; Judg. xi. 25; 1 Sam. xxi. 2; Acts xxv. 8). At all.

After whych tyme the prince neuer tyed his pointes, nor any thyng rought of hym selfe. Hall, Rich. III. f. 3 b.

Any while (Mark xv. 44). For any length of time. See While.

Apace, adv. (Ps. lxviii. 12; and lviii. 6, P. B.). From Fr. pas, a pace, step: at a great pace, swiftly.

And in hire hour he walketh forth a paas
Unto the lystes, ther hir temple was.

Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 2219.

Themistocles made Xerxes king of Persia post apace out of Græcia. Bacon, Essay of Fame.

Small herbs have grace, great weeds do grow apace.

Shakespeare, Rich. III. 11. 4.

Id. Rom. and Jul. III. 2.

Gallop apace, ye fiery-footed steeds.

The full phrase was probably 'a great pace,' like Fr. a grands pas, for we find 'pace' as in the following passages qualified by an adjective.

This messanger, whan he awoke,
And wist nothinge how it was,
Arose and rode the great pas
And toke his letter to the kinge.

Gower, Conf. Am. 1. p. 192.
Id. p. 210.

And riden after softe pas.

Our escouts rode as neere Paris as was possible, the which were often beaten backe to our watch, and eftsoones (the enimie on their backe) as far as our cariage, retiring sometime a softpace, and sometime a fast trot. Philip de Commines, trans. Danett, p. 29.

Apparel, sb. (2 Sam. xii. 20; Is. iii. 22; 1 Tim. ii. 9; Jam. ii. 2). Clothing, dress, from Fr. appareil, equipage, attire. The Fr. pareil is, like the It. parecchio, from the Med. Latin pariculus, diminutive of par, equal, like; whence are formed Fr. appareiller and It. apparecchiare, to couple, join like to like, fit, suit (see Diez, Etymol. Wörterbuch der Rom. Spr. p. 252). Like the more common word 'dress,' apparel had formerly a much wider signification than in later times: it is now seldom used.

I could find it in my heart to disgrace my man's apparel, and to cry like a woman. Shakespeare, As You Like It, II. 4.

I was never manned with an agate till now; but I will set you neither in gold nor silver, but in vile apparel, and send you back again to your master for a jewel. Id. 2 Hen. IV. 1. 2.

Apparelled, pp. (2 Sam. xiii. 18; Luke vii. 25). Clad, dressed,

They met with a coach drawne with foure milke white horses furnished all in blacke, with a blacke a More boy upon euery horse, they all apparelled in white. Sidney, Arcadia, p. 36,

1. 22.

Chaucer uses the verb 'apparel' in the sense of 'to dress' meat. In enumerating the species of gluttony he says,

The ferthe is curiosite, with gret entent to make and apparayle his mete. The Parson's Tale.

And also in the sense of 'to prepare,' generally like Fr. appareiller.

Thanne say I, that in vengeance takinge, in werre, in bataile, and in warmstoringe of thin hous, er thou bygynne, I rede that thou apparaille the therto, and do it with gret deliberacioun. The Tale of Melibeus.

Apparently, adv. (Num. xii. 8). Manifestly, clearly,

openly.

And therefore I saye and affirme yt you do apparantly wrong, and many fest iniury to procede in any thinge agaynst kyng Richard. Hall, Hen. IV. fol. 10 a.

I would not spare my brother in this case,

If he should scorn me so apparently.

Shakespeare, Com. of Err. IV. I.

Hall (Hen. IV. fol. 11a) describes an abbot in Westminster in the time of Henry IV. as 'a man of apparant vertues.' So in Shakespeare's K. John, IV. 2:

It is apparent foul-play; and 'tis shame
That greatness should so grossly offer it.

Apple of the eye (Deut. xxxii. 10; Ps. xvii. 8, &c.). The eye-ball. The A. S. œpl or æppel is used in the same way, and eág-œppel is the apple of the eye.

Concerning the signs of life and death which may be found in man, this is one, That so long as the patients eie is so cleare that a man may see himselfe in the apple of it, wee are not to despaire of life. Holland's Pliny, xxvIII. 6.