exterior is much ruined. Close by are two smaller temples, one of which possesses a Lingam around are scattered many sculptured fragments. Beyond, under a tree with sculptured figures and foundations of temples intervening, is a small temple with plain exterior and domed roof, in good condition; below, outside are Ganpat, Mahadeva and Parvati, and inside a Lingam; the domed roof is very probably a modern renovation. Here ended my ramble, for darkness was approaching, and I had no time to look after more foundations. I had, however, seen all the standing temples and I was satisfied. It is probable that these temples were formerly in the interior of the town, and on the decrease of inhabitants the Kacha buildings may have returned to mother-earth, and the paka temples remained as monuments, showing that this now small place was formerly inhabited by a large sect of wealthy, and in their peculiar religion, zealous Jains; the workmen may have been indigenous or exotic, but they were evidently skilful handicraftsmen and excite our admiration. The neighbouring workmen at Mahesar, though excellent for the present day, do not come up to the bygone architects of Wún. As the plan of architecture of these temples is generally uniform, it is not improbable that the Hindú deities and Lingams may have been subsequent additions. The Jain religion was more prevalent in this part of the country many years ago than it is now; and I think it very probable that Ahilya Bai from the neighbouring town of Mahesar, on seeing the disuse into which many of the temples had fallen (supposing the whole of them to have been at that time Jain temples) may have converted them (with the exception of two or three) into Hindu temples, on the same principle as she has had a temple to Mahadeva near Mahesar raised over an old Jain temple, (see O. C. S. vol. 10, p. 478.) This however is nearly a conjecture, for there may have been an equal number of zealous Jains and Hindús formerly resident at Wún, who had their temples erected by the same architects. The country about Wún is rocky, but the vallies are fertile. The town consists of about 200 houses, inhabited by cultivators and a few Banyans. The country to the south of the town is wild and desolate jungle, with here and there a poverty-stricken village; the country towards Mandlesar is open undulating but rocky in general. Kurgon the former capital of Nemár is ten miles from Wun; it is still a tolerably sized town, but has nothing remarkable to boast of, being now entirely superseded by Mahesar. About fifty years ago, when under the immediate cherishing rule of Ahilya Bai, this province must have been in a prosperous condition, but Jeswant Rao and his friends the Pendháris, used their utmost endeavors to transform the smiling face of this formerly favored province into a cheerless waste. However, under a peaceful Government and British surveillance, Nemár is gradually resuming its wonted cheerful aspect. Nemár is principally famed as a grazing country, and its breed of bullocks is much esteemed in Malwa; they are small but compact and hard working animals; a good pair may be obtained for 50 Rs.; the ghee is highly spoken of by the Hindús who it must be allowed are no bad judges of that article. Jawari and dhall are the principal products of the soil; sufficient gram for internal consumption (not much) is grown; wheat is imported from Malwa, famous for the fine white and sweet quality of that grain. Al, the root of a bush (Morinda citrifolia) from which a red dye is extracted, used in dyeing cloths and staining leather is grown here, and exported to Baroch, from which place they receive salt, cocoanuts, &c. Turmeric is another root cultivated and exported. The dialect peculiar to Nemár assimilates very much with that of Malwa, and the character used is very like the Balbodh. Oriental Christian Spectator.] ΝΕΜΟ. VI.-Dissenting Ministers and Cantonment Burial Grounds. To the Editors of the Calcutta Christian Observer. DEAR SIRS, It is apprehended frequent difficulties have arisen between Dissenting Ministers and Episcopal Chaplains with reference to the former officiating in Cantonment Burial Grounds. Indeed within about the last three years two cases of this kind have occurred in connexion with the Orissa Mission. In the former instance the late Rev. R. Arnold objected to the Rev. A. Sutton officiating in the Burial Ground at Cuttack, and after some discussion the whole affair was referred to the Bishop of Calcutta, who refused to interfere with such long established usages. In the latter a few months ago the chaplain of this division expressly prohibited to the officer commanding, my officiating here. I felt assured he was assuming an authority which did not belong to him, and one in which the Government of this country would never justify him; accordingly I referred the matter to the Governor of Madras in council with whose reply I have been favored. As the result if known, may tend to prevent future difficulties on this subject, allow me herewith to enclose copies of letters dispatched and received by me, which you will greatly oblige me by inserting in the " C. C. Observer." SIR, (Copy) Yours sincerely, To R. Clerk, Esq. Secretary to Government. I do myself the honor to request you will have the goodness to lay the following subject before the Right Honorable the Governor in council for his Lordship's consideration, as I and my brother dissenters at this station feel it a matter of severe consequence, and trust if we have been unjustifiably interfered with we may be relieved from the restriction which has been laid upon us. It has hitherto been considered that the Burial ground at this station is open for the reception of the dead of every denomination of European Christians and their offspring; and that any minister, Dissenter or Episcopalian, is at liberty when requested to officiate, as the ground is not consecrated, and no objection on the part of any minister of the Episcopal church has ever that I am aware of been made. When the Rev. R. W. Whitford, the Chaplain of this division, visited the station last month, he informed the officer commanding that he had heard that the dissenting minister had officiated in the Burial ground, and that he had interred there the unbaptized child of a dissenter, but that he (the Rev. R. W. Whitford), now took the liberty of distinctly prohibiting any person who had not been baptized being buried there, and any dissenting minister officiating under any circumstances; and also every dissenter (in other respects qualified) who was not so far an Episcopalian that he could and would use the form of Burial service as contained in the Book of Common Prayer" without impropriety or variation." It will be seen that the above prohibition affects every Christian community, for not unfrequently are infants so suddenly removed that even where parents desire it they cannot have their children baptized. Others again conscientiously object to infants being Baptized at all, believing Baptism to be an ordinance to which only believers in our Lord Jesus Christ can attend. In these and other cases the rites of sepulture would be denied in the common burial ground. The second part of the prohibition refers to Dissenters generally who could not use the form of service, &c. but particularly to Dissenting ministers who are prohibited officiating under any circumstances. Now, sir, it is well known that Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Baptists, in short every denomination of Dissenters, decidedly object to, at least the indiscriminate use of the burial service as contained in the Book of Common Prayer, and to make the use of that a sine quâ non to interment in the public Burial Ground would be at once virtually to shut it up against numbers of European dead, in which case no inconsiderable proportion of the Honorable Company's Servants both Civil and Military, with many others not ranking in either of the above classes, as Missionaries, merchants, &c. who have an equal right to Government protection, must be buried by the side of the high road, the effect of which upon the European and Native community, and especially upon the minds of surviving friends, will not be difficult to divine. It must also be esteemed an invidious distinction and persecution too that Dissenting ministers are prohibited officiating when requested, especially for members of their own church, and in the absence too, as in the present case, of a resident Episcopal clergyman. It is apprehended to be contrary to the avowed liberal principles of the Honorable Company that religious party considerations should have had any influence in providing cemeteries for the burial of their servants as well as Europeans generally and their offspring, or that it was ever contemplated making the use of any particular form of service a sine quâ non to interment, or that Dissenting ministers should not officiate. Trusting his Lordship will give this subject his serious consideration, and if possible relieve us from what appears to have been a needless and unjustifiable restriction, Ecclesiastical Department, No. 176. Extract from the minutes of consultation under date the 15th October, 1840. Read the following letter from the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Madras. (Here enter 18th September, 1840.) The Right Honorable the Governor in Council observes that the number of Protestants in this country of every denomination is very small, and that it would be impracticable or at least superfluous, to provide each sect at every station, with a separate place of interment. His Lordship in council conceives, that it would not conduce to harmony and good feeling, if the performance of the service of the Church of England were insisted upon at the funerals of Presbyterians and Dissenters; that the religious feelings of those present on such occasions, will be generally best consulted by the interment of the dead according to the forms of the religion which they professed while living, and that under the circumstances above adverted to, such a course can hardly be held by any to desecrate the common burialplace of all. The Governor in Council is not therefore prepared to order any deviation from the practice which he has reason to believe has hitherto prevailed of allowing the use of the Burial Grounds at the different stations under this Presidency, to all denominations of Christians, without rendering the performance of any particular funeral service compulsory. (A true extract.) ROBERT CLERK, Secretary to Government. To Mr. Stubbins, Missionary, Berhampore. VII.-Revival of the Lord's work, in Ross-shire, North Britain. The body of Christ is one; and this unity is manifested in that sympathy which we severally feel with its most distant members. There are many in India who take a deep interest in the progress of salvation, even in the remote districts of Scotland; and who will rejoice to hear that the Spirit of the Lord is still recognizing in that land a portion of the Redeemer's great heritage. It will appear by the subjoined extracts, both from private letters and public papers, that there is a spirit of deep concern and anxious inquiry about salvation sprung up among hundreds, if not thousands, within a short period of time. The minister referred to, as the chief instrument in this work of grace, is one well known to those connected with the north of Scotland; to those who know him not, a notice from a correspondent would be of little consequence. Suffice it to say that he is a minister of 35 years' standing; has been well tried and proven in the Church; has been VOL. I. 5 D honoured of God in the conversion of thousands*; and that to him scenes of excitement are no novelty. Concerning his own share in these, he has himself ever been silent;-and it is therefore left for others to describe them as best they can. Let the facts speak for themselves ;-we give them as we have received them. No. 1.-From a correspondent. “ Tain, July, 1840. "It hath pleased the Lord to awaken many dead souls lately in this corner of his vineyard. The preaching of Mr. Macdonald of Urquhart (or Ferrintosh) has been made the means. It began in a neighbouring parish (Tarbet) on the Monday after the communion. Numbers were crying out, during preaching, for Christ,' and that their souls were lost.' Many were able to bear their agony in silence, though their hearts were like to burst at the view they got of their lost estate. Mr. Macdonald remained amongst them, and many soon found Christ and peace. "Our communion (in Tain,) was immediately after; and although there seemed much feeling and attention, there was nothing very remarkable until Monday evening, during a Gaelic discourse by Mr. Macdonald. I was glad I was there to witness so striking a scene; for about the middle of the sermon, from every corner of the Church were heard cries of the greatest distress. Mr. Macdonald remained some days labouring here, and at Tarbet, where so many were concerned: and I witnessed here, on another evening, after sermon in the open air, the same deep feeling. I think I can never forget the sight of young men borne along beween two, weeping as if for a first-born or an only son; and young women, gaily dressed, in the same state; not to speak of hoaryheaded sinners. I trust, very many will shew the world, by the fruits, that this is a work of the blessed Spirit!" No. 2. From a correspondent. Urquhart, 19th August, 1840. "I am now going to mention a much more important subject. In the parish of Tarbet, for twelve months past, the people have manifested an increasing desire to attend prayer-meetings, Sabbath-school instructions, as well as regular church service. On Monday of last year's communion, whilst Mr. David Campbell [their minister,] was preaching, there appeared a shaking among the dry bones; and since then instances of conversion have been occasionally occurring. This year, on Monday of the communion it was proposed to have an additional sermon at 6 in the evening, in the church, and in the Gaelic language. This seems to have been the commencement of a great revival. Mr. Macdonald was obliged to stop preaching for some time, and order a few verses of a Psalm to be sung, the crying and weeping were so general. Some persons screamed out and spoke aloud-many were unable to leave the church or churchyard for a considerable time, from the agitated state of their feelings. "On Tuesday evening following, Mr. Macdonald preached at Tain, to a large congregation, with similar results. The Rev. C. Mackintosh [the minister of Tain] has had an evening sermon on the Sabbath, and an additional prayer-meeting, during the week, for nearly a year:—and by these means good has been done. "On Tuesday last (August ) Mr. Macdonald again set out for Easter-Ross. Tuesday evening, on his way, he preached to nearly 3000 We say thousands, deliberately. |