months' pay to the troops as an indemnification for their loyalty, he bade the paymasters and sergeant-majors repair at once to the offices of M. de la Bouillerie, general steward of the civil list, to obtain the promised gratuity. M. de la Bouillerie, who had no effects, went to complain to the dauphin of the unpleasant position in which he had been placed. The dauphin, irritated that such a step should have been taken without even consulting him, summoned the marshal into his presence that very evening between eight and nine o'clock, when the duke made his ap

pearance.

"Marshal!" said the dauphin, "what do you mean by the order which you gave this morning, for a gratuity to be paid to the guard, and that without communicating with me? Do you forget that I command?"

"No, your highness; but as major-general of the guard on the king's service, I took the orders of the king from his own person."

T

"You do not acknowledge, then, the order which named me generalissimo; you disavow the king's authority?"

"No, your highness; but the power which I exercise here, I also hold it from the king."

"Ah! you dare me! To show you that I command, I order you in arrest."

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Surprised and irritated, the marshal shrugged his shoulders. The dauphin then added:

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"Do you mean to do with us as you have done with others ?" The Duke of Ragusa answered with dignity that the calumny could not reach him. The dauphin, infuriated, threw himself upon the marshal's sword, seized it by the hilt, and endeavoured to draw it out of the scabbard. The marshal, in attempting to replace it forcibly, involved three of the dauphin's fingers, and hurt them so much that the blood flowed. The dauphin then called for assistance; the Count de Champagne, who was in attendance in an adjoining room, came in.

"Let the marshal be arrested; bring in the body-guard."

Eight soldiers and a sergeant took away the marshal through the salle des Cent Suisses, and led their prisoner to his apartments. In order to comprehend how annoying was this proceeding, it must be mentioned that a battalion of the royal guard was on service in the court traversed by its general, and that a squadron of lancers of the guard, forming the marshal's escort, were bivouacked in the same court, the horses being fastened to the windows of his private apartment. An officer of the guards perceiving what had taken place went into the saloons, which were lighted up as usual for the evening party of whist, and ordered all the lights to be put out. At that very moment the Duchess of Berry, accompanied by two ladies, came in, and inquired if the king was not going to play that evening.

"No, madame," answered the officer, "the Duke of Ragusa has been arrested."

"Is he a traitor?” asked the duchess.

It was the marshal's fate to be unjustly suspected by every one. ⠀⠀ PP When the king learnt what had taken place, the Duke of Luxembourg was at once deputed to raise the arrest under which the marshal had been placed.com

"Marshal," he said to him, "the king restores to you that glorious sword which you will still use in the service of his majesty."

"No," the duke replied; "I will not take back that sword-I will be tried by a council of war."

Somewhat soothed by the duke, the marshal consented, however, after a time, to resume his sword, and to visit the king in person.

It was not without great persuasion on the part of the latter that the marshal consented to meet the dauphin. When he did so, the dauphin made the first movement towards him, and said, "Marshal, let us forget the past; you were in the wrong in issuing orders without my knowledge, and I was too hasty and passionate; I am punished, look!" and he showed him his wounded hand.

"Monseigneur," replied the marshal, "a deal of blood has been shed in Paris; I should never have thought I should have shed yours in St. Cloud."

The marshal then bowed and withdrew; but after the interview he would give no more orders. The dauphin, who could not act without the advice of an experienced staff-officer, had also to give up his command. Thus it was that, at a moment of so great a crisis, the royal guard found itself without a chief.

On Friday night the dauphin induced the king to leave Saint Cloud. He did not, however, take his departure till one o'clock on the morning of Saturday. The king was on horseback, as was also the Duchess of Berry disguised in man's attire, in order the more effectually to defend her children. On approaching Versailles at break of day, the Marquis of Verac came out to meet the king, and inform him that the town was in the hands of the insurgents and national guards, so that they were obliged to turn off to Trianon. Such was the dearth of provisions, that, in order to procure meat, they were obliged to slaughter the milch cows attached to the latter place. At eleven o'clock the same morning the flight was continued to Rambouillet, where the royal party arrived at ten o'clock at night. There was the same dearth of provisions here, and in order to supply the royal table, the king ordered a general battue of the forests. In the unskilful execution of these orders, a gendarme was shot in the leg, and a ball went through the hat of another. The same day a M. Poques, aide-de-camp to General Lafayette, who had come with a body of insurrectionists to watch the proceedings of the royal party, was wounded by one of the royal guards, and made a prisoner.

On Monday, the 2nd of August, M. de Berthois, aide-de-camp to the Duke of Orleans, arrived with the intelligence that the duke had been nominated lieutenant-general of the kingdom. The king gave his sanction to this nomination, and as a further sequence, gave in his abdication, and that of the dauphin, in favour of the Duke of Bordeaux. This was done on the 2nd of August, in the hope that the chambers convoked for the 3rd of the month would recognise the legitimate claims of the elder branch in the person of Henry V. This act accomplished, the king assumed the garb of a civilian, and in the evening introduced the Duke of Bordeaux to the royal guard. When, however, on the 4th instant, a deputation arrived bearing intelligence of the nomination of the younger branch of the Bourbons to power, in the person of Louis Philippe,

Charles X. disavowed the proceedings of the chambers, and resumed all the insignia of royalty. There were still 14,000 men around the king, but in want of even the common necessaries of life. A project was discussed for retiring upon Tours and beyond the Loire, and rousing up the Vendée; but the news that Tours had declared in favour of the insurrection caused this plan to fall to the ground.

The insurgents were in the mean time advancing upon Rambouillet, in a fashion peculiar to insurgents, "en omnibus, en fiacres, en coucous.' They were said to have amounted to some 5000 in number, commanded by General Pajol. Marshal Maison is said by M. Véron to have exaggerated the army in omnibuses and cabs to 60,000 to the king, who upon this retreated to Maintenon, and that at a moment when his 14,000 men of the guard could have dispersed their doughty assailants in a few moments. The Duke of Noailles has published an account of the temporary residence of the royal family at Maintenon. It was there that the king finally dismissed the Cent Suisses and the royal guard, and only retained the body-guard in his service, and they accompanied him to Cherbourg. As Louis Philippe since expressed himself, under similar circumstances, Charles X. is reported to have said, "I do not wish for a civil war in France, or that French blood shall be shed on my account."

From Maintenon the retreat was continued to Dreux, where M. Odillon Barrot, one of the commissioners of the assembly sent to watch over the proceedings of the fallen dynasty, had to harangue the people to obtain even the respect due to misfortune. The 5th of August they slept at Verneuil; the 6th at Laigle; the 7th at Mellerault. The royal party seems to have travelled slowly and hesitatingly. The 8th and 9th were spent at Argentan. The king even attended mass at the cathedral. Two field-pieces, which had hitherto formed part of the escort, were left here, as was also a closed carriage, in which were hid Madame de Polignac and her children. They afterwards effected a safe embarkation from Valognes.

Each day the king left the town in which he had slept in a carriage, but no sooner a mile or two without the walls than he got on horseback, and rode till within a similar distance of the next station. The order in which the procession marched was as follows:

First, an advance guard, consisting of two companies of body-guards; next the carriages of the princes; in the first the Duke of Bordeaux, with his governor, two under governors, and M. de la Villate, his first valet-de-chambre; next mademoiselle with her governess, and the Baroness de Charette; then madame with her squire, her chevalier d'honneur, and the Countess de Bouille; in the fourth carriage the dauphiness with Madame de St. Maur; the dauphin on horseback, with two esquires; lastly, the king in his carriage, with the captain of guards on duty, and Marshal Duke of Ragusa on horseback. The procession was closed by another company of the body-guard.

Thus, in pompous yet sorrowful procession, did the fallen dynasty pursue its way by Condé sur Noireau, Vire, Saint Lo, Carentan, and Valognes, nearly the whole length of ancient Normandy. As they passed through the towns nothing was to be seen but tri-color flags and cockades. In some the aspect of the people was so hostile as to excite a certain anxiety,

but at length Cherbourg was attained. Here the unfortunate family had to traverse the streets amid a silent but sympathising population. A M. Thomas had arrived from Paris, bringing a sum of 600,000 francs for the support of the royal family in a foreign country. The Great Britain and the Charles Caroll received the refugees and their followers. An affecting scene took place when the body-guard asked to take leave of the king and princesses. Marshal Maison, deputed by the assembly to protect the royal family on their departure, was also admitted to a farewell audience. He said, "That in accepting the mission which had been entrusted to him he wished to give the king a last testimony of devotion and gratitude."—"The less said about that the better," replied the exmonarch. No sooner were the anchors up, than the admiral, Dumont d'Urville, inquired of the ex-king where he wished to be taken to? "What! am I not a free agent ?" inquired the latter." I have orders," the admiral replied, "to take Charles X. wherever he shall express it his wish to be conducted, saving Belgium or the islands of Guernsey and Jersey."" In that case," said the king, "take me to Spithead, and after that come to anchor off Cowes."

CONSTANTINOPLE.

BY NICHOLAS MICHELL.

DAY bids farewell to Asia, and his eye
Rests on broad Europe tired, yet lovingly:
Behind Olympus' snow-browed height,
That glows with richest ruby light,
As earth had all its roses spread,
To make a perfumed gorgeous bed,

He slowly sinks upon his evening pillow;

But ere he folds his golden limbs in sleep,

He looks from wood to wood, and steep to steep,

Far o'er the Euxine, o'er the Egean billow,

Views Græcia's shores of never-dying fame,

And tips Parnassus' cloven mount with flame,

Views Troy's wide plain, and all the marble Isles,

Purpling the earth, the wave, with well-pleased smiles;

Yet nothing sees he there,

So gorgeous, glowing, fair;

So lovely from afar,

Each mosque a golden star;

So calm, the cypress weeping

O'er walls flushed waves are steeping;

So picturesque, yet grand,

Adorning sea and land,

As Stamboul, city of the "sweet green waters,"

Shining like Venus 'mid Earth's dimmer daughters.

We stand at Scutari, the place of tombs,

Where many a turbé* whitens, yew-tree glooms,

And late on hills around the British host

Pitched thick their tents, down sweeping to the coast:

* Turkish sepulchre.

A calm, not born of war, spreads wide its wing,

As if an angel came,

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And breathed-peace! peace! and dared mankind to bring
Red battle's thunder, and his bolts of flame.

The crimson'd Bosphorus, whispering, flows between
Two mighty continents; the woods of green
Droop as in prayer, and softly gale-borne come
The muezzin's call, the city's fitful hum.

The small-oared boats from cove to cove are stealing,
A hundred mosques their sainted domes revealing;
The tall ships in the Golden Horn are riding,

Their lengthening shadows eastward thrown;
On shore some veiled form cautiously is gliding,
For here young Beauty, in dark garments hiding,
Must ne'er to prying eye be shown.

The black Seraglio with its jealous wall,
Where many a cypress hangs its heavy pall,
Thin graceful minaret, and old grey tower,
Catch the last beams, and soften in their shower;
The skies their purpling roof have arched above,
Smiling on Turk, Frank, Jew, alike in love;
And all things, far and near, Eve's spell confess,
And the charmed eye but rests on loveliness.

City! since Constantine upreared thy towers,

And Venice stormed thee, and from Asian plain
The Othman came, and seized thy beauteous bowers,
Nature rich gifts hath showered, yet half in vain :
Thou sittest in an Eden bright and blest,
Holding the envied keys of East and West;
Two inland Oceans kiss thy queenly feet,
And wealth, power, glory, in thy halls might meet.
Each Nation would thy lord be, would caress thee,
But, jealous, dares the other to possess thee.

E'en now the aggressor of the North,
Sending his lawless Vandals forth,
All robber-like, would seize thy charms,
But never shalt thou grace his arms;
No, while Gaul hath a sword, and we
A white-wing'd thunderer of the sea!—
Yet come what may, O city! pearl of earth!
Lying in sunset splendour sleeping here,
Fair as some creature of celestial birth,

Her breast soft heaving, on her cheek a tear,
If Moslems must depart at some far hour,
Yielding to Western progress, art, and power,
May Gorgon War her hand lay light on thee,
And none thy ruin, desolation see ;

But ever mayst thou smile with tranquil brow,
A thing of beauty, as thou smilest now.

2 G

Aug.-VOL. CI. NO. CCCCIV.