(5) Stamens on the Pistil. ORCHIDEE.* OR'CHIS. Nectary terminating in a spur resembling a horn, behind the flower. Bloss. gaping. SATYR'IUM. Nectary ending in a purse, behind the flower, inflated. O'PHRYS. Nectary somewhat keeled, (deflexed. E.) MALAX'IS. Nectary one leaf, heart-shaped, binding round and inclosing the stamen and pistil. SERA'PIAS. Nectary egg-shaped, gibbous beneath. LEM'NA. (6) Plant frondose. Flowers apetalous. Bloss. none. Cal. one-leaved. Caps. single seeded.t Barr. Fl. Cal. Scale of a catkin. Bloss. none. Fert. Fl. Summits two. Caps. two-valved. Seeds downy. (8) Flowers either Barren, Fertile, or Perfect. FRAX'INUS. Cal. none; or with four divisions. Bloss, none; or of four petals. Seed one, spear-shaped. (9) Flowers apetalous, or with four petals. Seed osseous. E.) CLA'DIUM. Bloss. none. Glumes of one valve, one-flowered, imbricated; outer glumes sterile. Seed a nut, with a loose external coat, (Epicarp,) destitute of bristles at its base. Hook. E.) DIGYNIA. ANTHOXAN'THUM. Calyx, husk with one flower; oblong. Bloss, two husks; awned. [Buffonia. Serapias. Carex atrata. Bromus diandrus.] LIGUSTRUM. in each cell. MONOGYNIA. Bloss. four-cleft: berry two-celled, two seeds ("The Orchis race with varied beauty charm, And mock th'exploring bee or fly's aerial form." E.) (According to recent authors. E.) (Ligo, to bind, its twigs being flexible; but whether this be the plant originally designated by Pliny remains doubtful. E.) L. VULGARE. Leaves egg-spear-shaped, blunt, with a small point; panicle with three divisions. Curt. 300-(E. Bot. 764. E.)-Fl. Dan. 1141-Kniph. 5.-Mill. 162. 2— Math. 170-Blackw. 140-Ger. 1208-J. B. i, 528.2-Fuchs. 480-Trag. 1005-Ger. Em. 1394-Swert. ii. 38. 4. Leaves frequently ternate, and enlarged at the base. Berries continuing through the winter. Scop. Blossoms white, (changing to rust-colour before they fall. E.), segments thick and fleshy. Stamens generally two, occasionally three or four, in each flower. Leaves very entire; growing in opposite pairs; (dark green, glabrous, sometimes variegated with white. E.) Fruit-stalks a little woolly when magnified; every other part of the plant perfectly smooth. (Berries globose, nauseously bitter, black or yellowish white. E.) PRIVET. PRIM. PRINT. (Scotch: Privy Saugh. Welsh: Yswydden cyffredin. E.) Hedges in gravelly soils. (In England generally evergreen; in Scotland only so partially, and in mild winters. In the humid atmosphere of Devon, making shoots of four or five feet in one season. E.) Frequent in the southern and western counties. Rocks of Dunnerholme, and above Cartmel Wells, in the most exposed situation to the western sea. Mr. Atkinson. (Rocks at Knott's Hole, near Liverpool, very much exposed to the sea air. Dr. Bostock. Hedges and copses in Huntingdonshire and Hertfordshire, common, Mr. Woodward. Lackenham, near Norwich. Mr. Crowe. Hedges between Sunderland and Castle Eden. Winch Guide. (Sea-coast, Old Park, &c. Anglesey. Welsh Bot. Private road to the sea side Near Muttonhole. Grev. Edin. E.) S. June-July.* CIRCE'A.† Bloss. two petals: cal. two-leaved, superior: (Caps. two-celled; cells one-seeded. E.) C. LUTETIA'NA. Stem upright: bunches several: leaves egg-spearshaped, hairy, somewhat serrated. Curt. 202-(E. Bot. 1056. E.)-Kniph. 10-H. Ox. v. 34. row 3. 1-Lob. Ic. 266. 2—Ger. 280-Lob. Obs. 137. 1—Ger. Em. 351. 1-Park. 351-Fl. Dan. 210. Stem a foot and a half high; upright. Leaves somewhat serrated, opake. Bunches terminal and lateral. Cal. much thicker and of a coarser tex The berries are filled with a dry, spongy, violet pulp, from which a rose-coloured pigment may be prepared. Scop. With the addition of alum, the berries dye wool and. silk of a good and durable green: for this purpose they must be gathered as soon as they are ripe. The leaves are bitter and slightly astringent. Oxen and goats eat it; (sheep devour it voraciously; the berries afford an acceptable winter food for birds, especially bullfinches. E.); horses refuse it. The insects observed to feed upon this plant are Sphinx Ligustri and Phalana Syringaria: (Meloe vesicatorius, blister-beetle, has been sometimes found on it. It yields much oleaginous and acid liquor by distillation, supposed to possess a detersive quality. Parkinson states that the berries, ground into powder, were exported to Turkey as a yellow dye, used for staining the nails and hands, and also horses' manes and tails on festivals. Privet will live, though scarcely flourish, under the drip of trees, and bears the smoky atmosphere of towns. It may be readily trained (by clipping) to cover lofty and unsightly walls, is easily propagated by cuttings, and is excellent for ornamental hedges. In its general character and elegant appearance it rivals the Box, and is perhaps better entitled to the designation of English Myrtle. E.) +(Named after CIRCE, the enchantress; and probably in the darker ages used in magical incantations. E.) ture than the blossom, and not of the same colour. Linn. (Calyx, hairs hooked and tapering to a fine point. Grif. Root much creeping; difficult to extirpate. Fl. Brit. Flowers small, numerous in each bunch. E.) Plant smooth, or woolley, or rough with hair, sometimes red at the joints. Leaves, upper short; lower on long leaf-stalks. Cup, leaves reflexed, egg-spear-shaped; coloured. Petals reddish white, alternating with the leaves of the cup. Filaments thickest towards the top; white. Anthers white. Germen hairy, egg-shaped but compressed; placed under, and at a small distance from, the cup. Style thickest upwards, with a double green gland at its base. Summit a fine pink colour. Caps. set with white hairs, hooked at the end. Little fruit-stalks after flowering, pointing downwards. ENCHANTER'S NIGHTSHADE. COMMON ENCHANTER'S-WORT. (Irish: Fuinn Sheagh. Welsh: Swynyddlys, Llys Stephan cyffredin. C. racemosa, var. lutetiana. Hull. E.) Woods; moist hedge bottoms, in shady lanes, not uncommon. P. June-Aug. C. ALPINA. Stem prostrate, supporting a single bunch of flowers: leaves heart-shaped, pointed, (smooth, serrated; calyx membranous. E.) (E. Bot. 1057. E.)-H. Ox. v. 34. row 3. 1. (Only three inches high when wild. Calyx hairs granulated, and ending in a small globule. Grif. E.) The general opinion that this and the preceding are distinct species is confirmed by Haller, who asserts that C. alpina cultivated in a garden does not become C. lutetiana. But it is not an easy task to point out any certain and invariable differences. The calyx and the joints being coloured or not; the leaves being hairy or smooth, opake or pellucid, toothed or tooth-serrated; the panicle being one or more than one; the plant being simple or branched, upright or depressed, are circumstances which exist more or less in different specimens of both. Scopoli has justly observed, that the figure of the leaves affords the only specific distinction. C. alpina is a paler, more delicate, and smaller plant, not more than from five to ten inches high; while the former, though sometimes nearly as small and as delicate, is generally half a yard high. (Notwithstanding the apparent conclusive authority of Haller, with whom Smith and Hooker coincide, we are bound to state that experiments made in the Botanic Garden at Edinburgh, and the observation of Mr. Robson, would induce a belief that the two species pass into each other. E.) ALPINE ENCHANTER'S NIGHTSHADE. MOUNTAIN ENCHANTER'S-WORT. Var. 1. about the size of C. lutetiana: stem upright, with only one flowering head. Fl. Brit. Leaves of a yellower green. Woodw. (Exactly intermediate between C. lutetiana and alpina, with delicate large leaves. Grev. E.) Fl. Dan. 256. C. alpina B. Sm. C. intermedia. Ehrh. Herb. 101. Growing about Leeds. Mr. Woodward. (Near Stockport. Mr. W. Christy, In shady groves, near Matlock Bath. Sir J. E. Smith. Abundant in the Highland woods. Greville. E.) VERONICA.* Bloss. border four-cleft; (wheel-shaped, E.); the lower segment narrowest : caps. two-celled; notched > at the end. (1) Flowers in spikes. V. SPICA'TA. Spike terminal; leaves opposite, blunt, scolloped: stem ascending; undivided. Linn. Spike conical: leaves spearshaped: stamens much longer than the blossom. E. Bot. 2-Fl. Dan. 52-Kniph. 4-Clus. i. 347. 3-Lob. Obs. 250. 3 - Ger. Em. 627.4-Vaill. 33. 4—J. B. iii. 282; 3 and 4-H. Ox. iii. 22. 4. (Plant from four to eight inches high. Stem ascending, undivided. E.) Spikes sometimes more than one on a root. Reich. Leaves narrower in proportion to their length and more pointed than in the next species. Bloss blue. Anthers blue. (Leaves sometimes strap-shaped, and very entire. Woodw. E.) UPRIGHT SPIKED SPEEDWELL. SMALLEST FLUELLIN. Mountainous moist pastures. Cavenham Heath, near Bury, Suffolk, and near Penny Bridge, Lancashire. Woodward. (On the wall of St. John's College. Rev. R. Relban. Side of Llandidno Rocks, Carnarvonshire; and above the leadmines, near Prestatyn, Flintshire; and on the upper part of Cefn Rocks, above the cave, near St. Asaph. Mr. Griffith. About Penzance. E.) P. June. V. HY'BRIDA. Spikes terminal, cylindrical; leaves opposite, bluntly ser rated, rough, spear-egg-shaped. (Stem upright, not perfectly simple. E.) (E. Bot. 673. E.)-Ray 11. (Larger and rather more hairy, especially about the calyx, than the preceding, having usually one or two lateral spikes, or rudiments of them. Lower leaves nearly ovate. Sm. E.) Leaf-stalks bordered. Bloss. blue, the tubular part hirsute within. Leaves thick and fleshy, rough with white short hairs, which grow out of small prominent glands. WELSH SPEEDWELL. BUGLE-LEAVED SPEEDWELL. On Craig Wreiddin, Montgomeryshire. Umpherhead, a steep rock at Cartmell Wells, plentiful. Mr. Hall (Near Penny Bridge, Low Furness, Lancashire. Mr. Woodward. Hyssva Bengam and Trigyfylchi Rocks, near the Glyder, Carnarvonshire. Evans. St. Vincent's Rocks, near the Giant's Cave, Bristol. Dyer. Spoonbed Hill, Painswick, beyond the encampment, beside the Cheltenham road. Mr. O. Roberts. E.) P. July. V. ARVEN'sis. (Spike terminal: leaves egg-shaped, sessile, deeply serrated: floral-leaves spear-shaped, longer than the flowers, entire. E.) (From the Romish saint of that name, but how connected is not obvious. Among various conjectures as to the origin of this name, the most rational seems to be that it was compounded of the Greek words pw, to bring, and wan, victory; alluding to its supposed efficacy in subduing diseases. E.) Curt. 133-(E. Bot. 734. E.)-Col. Phyt. 8—J. B. iii. 367. 2—Ger. 489. 8 - Ger. Em. 613. 7-Park. 762. 4. This plant formerly stood in the third subdivision next after v. agrestis, but it bears its flowers in such a spike-like form, that many Botanists have been misled by that arrangement. Plant mostly upright, stiff and dry in its habit, (four to six inches high, frequently branched at the base, pale green, rough with hairs. Bloss. very small, pale blue, white within the centre, solitary, nearly sessile. Capsule compressed, ciliated. E.) Root-leaves, and sometimes the lower stem-leaves, on leaf-stalks. Bloss. pale blue. WALL SPEEDWELL. SPEEDWELL CHICKWEED. (Welsh: Mur-rhwyddlwyn. E.) On old walls; amongst rubbish; and in fallow fields. A. May. V. VERNA. Spike terminal; flowers solitary: leaves with finger-like divisions: fruit-stalks shorter than the calyx. (Dicks. H. S. E.)-E. Bot. 25-Rose 2. 1-Fl. Dan. 252. (Stem stiff, upright, from one to four inches high, unequally downy. E.) Leaves wing-cleft; in one specimen gathered near Bury, spear-shaped, toothed, seven lines 'long, though the whole plant only two inches high. Woodw. (In a starved state few or none of the leaves are divided. Sm. E.) Cal. much longer than the blossom, and deeply divided into four spear-shaped, blunt, unequal segments. Bloss. blue, (with darker streaks, E.) green at the base. Floral-leaves spear-shaped, blunt. Fruitstalks so short as to give the assemblage of flowers the appearance of a spike, and justify our removal of it from the third subdivision of the species. In its habit it has some resemblance to V. arvensis, but is readily distinguished from that by its finger-like, or rather wing-cleft leaves. (and much smaller size. E.) VERNAL SPEEDWELL. Dry, barren soil; old walls and rocks; near Bury, in the most dry and driving sand; the plant is frequently nearly buried in it. Mr. Woodward. (Balking Hill, Harleston, Norfolk. Rev. H. Tilney, in Bot. Guide. In the Rye at Wordwell, West Staw, and Icklingham, Suffolk. Sir T. G. Cullum, its first discoverer. E.) V. OFFICINA'LIS. trailing. A. April-May. Spikes on lateral fruit-stalks: leaves opposite: stem (E. Bot. 765. E.)-Ludw. 100-Curt. 198-Kniph. 4-Fl. Dan. 248Woodw. 219-Ger. 502. 1-Riv. 93. 2. Veronica-J. B. iii. 282. 1-Blackw. 143-Fuchs. 166—Trag. 207—J. B. iii. 282. 2—Math. 693—Dod. 40. 3 —Lob. Obs. 250. 2-Ger. Em. 626. 2-Park. 550. 2-H. Ox. iii. 22. 7. (Stems procumbent, half a foot to a foot or more in length, pubescent, as is the whole plant more or less with short jointed hairs. E.) Little fruit-stalks shorter than the floral leaves. Tube of the blossom about half as long as the cup, white. Border pale purplish blue; the broadest segment marked with six or seven deeper purple streaks; the narrowest segment with three, and each of the lateral segments with four. Leaves egg-shaped, serrated; hairy underneath, and at the edges. Floral-leaves strap-shaped. Some of the fruit stalks are so near the end of the stem that at first view they appear terminal, but upon more accurate examination we find one or more pairs of leaves beyond them. (A variety is found on several mountains of Scotland and Ireland, " differing in the total absence of pubescence or roughness on the stems and |