12. A rigid body is turning about a horizontal axis. When the c.m. is vertically under the axis, the angular velocity being w, the axis is suddenly seized and carried forward with a velocity V, so that the rotation is permanently stopped. Shew that Vol where is the length of the equivalent simple pendulum.

PHYSICAL GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY.

The Board of Examiners.

PASS AND FIRST HONOUR PAPER.

1. Mark down and explain all the symbols in use for denoting physical characters of rocks on geological maps. What portions of geological formations are represented on geological maps?

2. Illustrate the modes of forming geological sections from geological maps.

3. What explanations have been given of the jointing, cleavage, and foliation of rock masses? Describe the physical characteristics of each.

4. Explain the shape of the flexions of stratified rocks, and the relations of their parts to the force producing them.

5. Explain the mode of origin, movements, and geological effects of glaciers.

6. How has the mean density of the earth been ascertained? How does this bear on the controversies as to the constitution of the interior of the earth?

7. Describe the characters of the different sorts of concretionary action found in aqueous and igneous rocks.

8. Explain the nature of the action of the chief cause of changes of position of great rock masses.

9. Enumerate the chief groups of minerals arising in classification from giving the main value to the electro-negative constituents.

10. Explain clearly the nature of crystallographic axes and of optic axes, and the mode of using each for the definition of systems of crystals.

STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY AND

PALEONTOLOGY.

The Board of Examiners.

1. How may Aqueous rocks be distinguished from Igneous rocks generally? Explain the chief exceptions to the general rules relating to this

matter.

2. In what respect does Dinotherium differ from the more recent Elephants, Mastodons, and Tapirs respectively? Give the generic characters and geological range of each.

3. Give the dental formulæ of the more common or abundant genera of Mammalia in Pleistocene Tertiary formations of Europe.

4. In what Palæontological characteristics do the Pleistocene and Pliocene deposits of New Zealand and Australia differ from each other? characters of the genera you mention.

Give the

5. What fossil Plant genera distinguish the Mesozoic coal deposits from the older ones?

6. Give the characters and relations of the chief groups of Plants characteristic of the Palæozoic coal formations,

7. Define the orders and chief genera of Reptilia exclusively confined to rock formations of the Mesozoic Period.

8. Describe the generic characters of the chie families and genera of Mollusca found exclusively in Mesozoic formations.

9. Describe the generic characters of the chief cephalopodous Mollusca characteristic of the Palæozoic strata.

10. Mention the characters of a few of the oldest known forms of animal life noticed in rocks below the Llandeilo Flag formation.

DEDUCTIVE LOGIC.

The Board of Examiners.

TO BE USED ALSO AS HONOUR PAPER No. 1.

1. Show (a) the theoretical value, (b) the practical utility, of the study of Deductive Logic.

2. Mention different meanings which have been attached to connotation. Should we accept the rule that "denotation and connotation vary inversely"? Give reasons for your answer.

3. Distinguish between contrary and contradictory opposition. To what extent, if at all, may the table of Opposition be applied-(a) to singular categorical propositions; (b) to conditional propositions; (e) to disjunctive propositions; (d) to hypothetical propositions, regarded as distinct from conditionals?

4. Give the obverse, the contrapositive, and the obverted inverse, where possible, of each of the following propositions:-Few ambitious men are considerate; where there is smoke there is fire; all is lost, save honour; every A is either B or C.

5. State and prove any two of the corollaries from the rules of categorical syllogism.

6. How many forms of categorical proposition are possible, if we insist on a definite expression of the exact relations of subject and predicate to each

other in extension? And what, speaking generally, would be the result of admitting such forms of proposition into the doctrine of the syllogism?

7. Mention the requirements of definition. Show its importance as a safeguard against fallacy. When is it most needed?

8. Examine the following arguments, stating them in syllogistic form, and pointing out fallacies, if any:

(a) We cannot reasonably attach much importance to the testimony of any one who is easily influenced, for all credulous persons are easily influenced, and but little importance should be attached to the testimony of credulous persons. (b) Careful preparation would have ensured Xa good place on the honour list; but, since his preparation has not been careful, his place cannot be a good one.

(c) It cannot be true that protective taxation increases prices, for the recent stock tax has not had that effect.

(d) All savings are not commendable, though they are instances of thrift; for they may be the result of a miserly disposition. Thrift, therefore, is not always commendable.

9. At a school examination, all the candidates who were entered for English were also entered for either Arithmetic, Geography, or Latin, but not for more than one of these subjects; every