had failed to make application therefor as required under Regents rules. (Carnes v. Finley, 98 Misc. 390.)

Failure to file such acceptance vitiates the right to receive such scholarship. Failure to comply with the rules of the Regents forfeits a scholarship. A scholarship may also for proper cause be revoked and a vacancy thereby occur. When a vacancy occurs in a county the pupil from that county standing next highest on the list is entitled to be appointed to such vacancy. If the vacant scholarship is not claimed by a resident of the county in which the vacancy occurs, or if there be no resident entitled to appointment in the county, the vacancy is filled by making appointment from the State list in the order in which the candidates are arranged thereon.

But under the provisions of chapter 257 of the Laws of 1918 a pupil entitled to a college entrance diploma under Regents' rules who failed to apply therefor within the time required by such rules to entitle him to a scholarship, and a pupil whose name would have been included in the list of names of candidates to be considered in the award of scholarships as provided herein except for errors or inadvertencies in the preparation of such list may apply to the Regents of the University for a scholarship and if it shall appear to the satisfaction of the said Regents that there was reasonable cause for the failure of such pupil to apply for such college entrance diploma as required by Regents' rules, or that an error or inadvertency occurred in the preparation of the list of candidates for such scholarships and it shall appear that except for such failure, error or inadventency the applicant would have received a scholarship, the Regents may award a scholarship to such pupil and such scholarship shall be issued and payments shall be made thereon out of moneys available therefor in the same manner as other scholarships are issued and paid.

Scholarship Certificate.— A pupil, notified of his right to a scholarship, who accepts the same, is entitled to receive from the

Commissioner of Education a scholarship certificate setting forth such right.

Revocation of Scholarship.- The Commissioner of Education is authorized to revoke a scholarship. After such scholarship is revoked the holder thereof is entitled to no further rights therein. A vacancy also exists which may be filled as provided under the Scholarship Law. A scholarship may be revoked for failure to comply with Regents' rules in respect to the use of such scholarships, for failure to observe rules, regulations or conditions prescribed by a college in relation to the students attending the same, or for suspension or expulsion from college, or absence therefrom without proper leave.

Rights Under Scholarship. The holder of a scholarship is entitled to attend any college or university in the State approved by the Regents for a period of four years, and may pursue any course of instruction given in such college or university except professional instruction in law, medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, or theology.

Each State scholar is entitled to receive $100 each year for a period of four years, to aid him in the completion of a college education. This amount is paid in two equal payments of $50 each. One payment is made on the first day of October and the other on the first day of March. These payments are made upon vouchers, or evidence showing that the persons holding such scholarships are in attendance upon an approved college and complying with such other regulations as the Regents have prescribed. State Scholarships for Soldiers, Sailors and Marines.- Four hundred and fifty State scholarships are established for the benefit of resident soldiers, sailors and marines who shall have served as such in the army, navy or marine corps of the United States in the world war and been honorably discharged from such service, and who shall have or acquire the necessary qualifications as to secondary or other preparatory education to be required by the Commissioner of Education under rules and regulations to be established by him. Each of these scholarships entitles the holder to his tuition, in a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars per year, in any college, university, normal, technical or trade school of his selection, located within the State, such tuition to be paid by the State together with an additional sum of one hundred dollars per year

for the maintenance of the holder of each of such scholarships while in attendance upon instruction under such scholarship.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

Explain fully the origin of State scholarships in Cornell University. How many scholarships are awarded each year? By whom are appointments to these scholarships made? Explain fully how they are made. Explain fully how the cempetitive examinations are conducted. Who are eligible to enter these examinations? Where must candidates attend examinations? What is the ruling in relation to State scholars taking entrance examinations at the University? Explain how vacancies are filled in the University. What privileges does a scholarship confer? By whom may a leave of absence be granted to a State scholar? For what purpose?

How many State scholarships are awarded annually in each county? What limitation is there placed upon the number of scholarships? Of what does the scholarship fund consist? Explain how scholarships are filled. When are appointments made? By whom? How may a scholarship be vacated? How are vacancies filled? What entitles one to a scholarship certificate? Who may revoke a scholarship? On what ground may one be revoked? What rights as to college attendance does a scholarship confer? As to funds?

CHAPTER XXVII

STATE NORMAL INSTITUTIONS

[Article 32]

Historical Sketch.― There are ten State normal schools in the State and one State normal college. Their location and the dates on which they were established and opened are as follows:

The Legislature of 1917 authorized the establishment of an additional State normal school in Westchester county. A site has been secured in the city of White Plains.

The first school at Albany was simply an experiment and was only temporarily established. It was made a permanent institution in 1848. In 1890, this school was changed to the State Normal College and in 1914 to State College for Teachers. Since the establishment of these institutions about 30,000 students have been graduated therefrom. They are now attended by about 10,000 pupils annually and maintained at an annual expenses of nearly one million dollars. The value of the property of these schools is more than $3,600,000.

The Object. The acts creating these schools state their establishment to be "for the instruction and practice of teachers of common schools in the science of education and the art of teaching."

How Establisheed.- Normal schools are established by special act of the State Legislature. There is no general law providing for their creation.

How Governed.- The Commissioner of Education has general supervision of these schools. Each school, however, has a local board, whose members are appointed for life by the Commissioner of Education. As vacancies occur, either by death or resignation, they are filled by appointment by the Commissioner of Education. The local board must consist of not less than three and not more than thirteen members. (The board of trustees of the State College for Teachers consists of five members.) The number on each board varies, ranging from six to thirteen. The present policy is to maintain boards of seven. Members of a local board can be removed by the joint action of the Commissioner of Education and the Chancellor of the University of the State of New York. A majority of the members of a local board constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business.

Powers and Duties of Local Board.- I. The local board is required to establish rules and regulations for the general government of the school under its direction subject to the approval of the Commissioner of Education.

2. The local board is required to make an annual report in such form and giving such information as the Commissioner of Education shall direct. This report is submitted to the State Legislature through the Commissioner of Education.

3. Local boards are the custodians of the buildings and grounds of their respective schools and of all other property of the State pertaining thereto.

4. Local boards are authorized to appoint special policemen to protect the buildings and grounds and to preserve peace. These officers have power to arrest offenders.

5. It is the duty of local boards to supply these schools with necessary equipments and supplies.

6. Local boards may, with the approval of the Commissioner of Education, accept for the State money or property of any kind to be used for the general support of these schools as may be prescribed by the instrument making the gift.

7. Local boards employ and contract with the teachers employed in their respective schools.

8. A local board has power to dismiss pupils.