Pidgins and Creoles: Volume 1, Theory and Structure

Capa
Cambridge University Press, 05/05/1988 - 280 páginas
This first volume of Holm's major survey of pidgins and creoles provides an up-to-date and readable introduction to a field of study that has become established only in the past few decades. Written for both students and general readers with a basic knowledge of linguistics, the book's original perspective will also attract specialists in the field seeking a broad overview of the linguistic relationships among these languages. Creolized, or restructured versions of English, French, Spanish, Dutch, Portugese, and other languages arose during European colonial expansion. These resulted in such creoles as Jamaican, Haitian, Papiamentu, and some one hundred others, as well as such semi-creoles as Afrikaans, non-standard Brazilian Portugese, Papiamentu, and American Black English. Scholars have tended to work on particular language varieties in relative isolation, making comparative research into the genesis, development, and structure of creoles difficult. In writing this book, Holm draws on broad studies of many languages to make clear how far-reaching creoles'similarities are and to challenge current linguistic theories on creoles and pidgins. The emphasis of this volume is largely empirical rather than descriptive. Its core is a comparative study of creoles based on European languages in Africa and the Caribbean that demonstrates the striking similarities among the languages in terms of their lexical semantics, phonology, and syntax. A forthcoming volume provides a socio-historic overview of variety development and text examples, with translations, of the restructured languages.
 

Índice

Introduction
1
11 Pidgins
4
12 Creoles
6
13 Other terms
9
14 Scope of the book
11
Theory a historical overview
13
22 Early European expansion
15
23 The eighteenth century
17
433 Mid central vowels
116
434 Low central vowels
117
435 Mid back vowels
118
438 Unrounding of front vowels
119
439 Diphthongs
120
44 Nasal vowels
121
45 Vowel harmony
124
46 Consonants
125

24 The early nineteenth century
21
25 Van Name
24
26 Schuchardt and his contemporaries
27
27 Hesseling and his contemporaries
35
28 Reinecke and his contemporaries
36
29 Hall and Taylor
42
210 Monogenesis
44
211 The creole continuum
52
212 Universalists again
61
213 Substratists again
65
214 Other trends in theory
68
Lexicosemantics
71
31 Pidginization and the lexicon
72
32 European lexical sources
74
321 Survival of archaic usages
75
322 Survival of regional usages
76
323 Nautical usages
78
33 African lexical influence
79
331 African lexical items
80
332 African semantic influence
82
333 African syntactic influence on lexicon
85
334 African calques
86
335 Reduplication
88
34 Other lexical sources
89
341 Portuguese influence
90
342 Adstrate influence
92
35 Morphological changes
95
352 New morpheme combinations
99
353 Coining
100
361 Semantic shift
101
363 Semantic narrowing
102
37 Change of syntactic function
103
Phonology
105
41 Continua
108
421 Aphesis
109
423 Apocope
110
426 Paragogue
111
428 Elision of vowels
112
43 Oral vowels
113
431 High front vowels
115
461 Coarticulated stops
126
462 Prenasalized stops
127
463 Palatalization
130
464 Apicals
135
465 Labials
136
47 Suprasegmentals
137
Syntax
144
51 The verb phrase
148
511 The unmarked verb
150
512 Anterior tense
151
513 Progressive aspect
154
514 Habitual aspect
157
515 Completive aspect
161
516 Irrealis
164
517 Other preverbal marker combinations
166
518 Complementizers
168
519 Negation
171
52 Forms of be
174
521 Equative be
175
522 Adjectival verbs
176
523 Locative be
177
524 Highlighter be
179
53 Serial verbs
183
531 Serial give meaning to for
184
532 Serial say meaning that
185
533 Serial pass meaning than
188
54 The noun phrase
190
542 Number
193
543 Gender
195
545 Pronouns
201
55 Other function words
205
551 Conjunctions
206
552 Prepositions
207
553 Sentencefinal o
210
56 Word order
211
Conclusion
216
References
219
Index
239
Contents of volume II
253
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