conduct of the government have been what they ought to have been, and Congress is called a little earlier, to be ready to act on the receipt of the reply, for which time has been given. God bless you. From yours affectionately. I am happy to learn that your own health is good, and I hope it will long continue so. The friends we left behind us have fallen out by the way. I sincerely lament it, because I sincerely esteem them all, and because it multiplies schisms where harmony is safety. As far as I have been able to judge, however, it has made no sensible impression against the government. Those who were murmuring before are a little louder now; but the mass of our citizens is firm and unshaken. It furnishes, as an incident, another proof that they are perfectly equal to the purposes of self-government, and that we have nothing to fear for its stability. The spirit, indeed, which manifests itself among the tories of your quarter, although I believe there is a majority there sufficient to keep it down in peaceable times, leaves me not without some disquietude. Should the determination of England, now formally expressed, to take possession of the ocean, and to suffer no commerce on it but through her ports, force a war upon us, I forsee a possibility of a separate treaty between her and your Essex men, on the principles of neutrality and commerce. Pickering here, and his nephew Williams there, can easily negotiate this. Such a lure to the quietists in our ranks with you, might recruit theirs to a majority. Yet, excluded as they would be from intercourse with the rest of the Union and of Europe, I scarcely see the gain they would propose to themselves, even for the moment. The defection would certainly disconcert the other States, but it could not ultimately endanger their safety. They are adequate, in all points, to a defensive war. However, I hope your majority, with the aid it is entitled to, will save us from this trial, to which I think it possible we are advancing. The death of George may come to our relief; but I fear the dominion of the sea is the insanity of the nation itself also. Perhaps, if some stroke of fortune were to rid us at the same time from the Mammoth of the land as well as the Leviathan of the ocean, the people of England might lose their fears, and recover their sober senses again. Tell my old friend, Governor Gerry, that I gave him glory for the rasping with which he rubbed down his herd of traitors. Let them have justice and protection against personal violence, but no favor. Powers and preeminences conferred on them are daggers put into the hands of assassins, to be plunged into our own bosoms in the moment the thrust can go home to the heart. Moderation can never reclaim them. They deem it timidity, and despise without fearing the tameness from which it flows. Backed by England, they never lose the hope that their day is to come, when the terrorism of their earlier power is to be merged in the more gratifying system of deportation and the guillotine. Being now hors de combat myself, I resign to others these cares. A long attack of rheumatism has greatly enfeebled me, and warns me that they will not very long be within my ken. But you may have to meet the trial, and in the focus of its fury. God send you a safe deliverance, a happy issue out of all afflictions, personal and public, with long life, long health, and friends as sincerely attached as yours affectionately. INDEX TO VOL. V. ADAMS, JOHN-His relations with Jeffer- Difference between his political opin- Products of, adapted to U. S., 314. His intervention in favor of neutral ARMS-When loaned by Government, 168, ASTRONOMY-Its application to naviga- BANK OF UNITED STATES-Question of its BARLOW, JOEL-His Columbiad, 238. BOTTE, M.-His history of revolution, 527. BURR, AARON-His conspiracy, 24, 26, 28, His accomplices, 34, 45, 60, 99, 305. His arrest and trial, 55, 57, 65, 66, 130. Federalists come to his rescue, 64, Proofs and witnesses against, 72, 78, His forgeries, 86. His acquittal, 187, 199. CABINET, EXECUTIVE-Mode of transacting business in, 94 CLIMATE-Changes of, in U. S., 487. DEARBORNE, GEN.-Urged by Mr. Jeffer- DESERTERS-Should not be enlisted, 173. DUANE, WILLIAM-His opposition to Madi- EDITORS-Their duties. 591. Plan of popular education, 525. War preferable to continuance of, 258. EMBARGO, THE-When to be suspended, | FEDERALISTS-Their conduct in reference 279. Evasions of, 286, 287, 290, 297, 317, 334, 335, 336, 340, 413. 317, 324, 327, 344, 346, 355, 398. Cases arising under, 292, 307, 317, Action of Congress relative to, 419, Repeal of, 433, 529. 135. Probability of war with, 134, 135, 189, 189, 197, 211, 215, 266. Notice to our merchant vessels of Her orders in council, 442. Relations of peace restored, 455 ENLISTMENTS-When binding on infants, EUROPE--Not to be permitted to inter- Insignificancy of Kings of, 514. and plural executive, 449, 567, 581. FEDERALISTS-Their disorganization as a to Embargo, 304. Their bitterness of feeling, 608. FRANCE-Views of her revolution, 133, 582. War with England, 214. Berlin and Milan decrees, 444. GALLATIN, ALBERT--His character, 574. Madison's cabinet, 477. False imputations against, 593, 594. HAMILTON, ALEXANDER-Difference be- 435. HUNDREDS-Division of counties into, 525. IMPRESSMENT-Efforts to suppress by trea- Refusal to sign treaty not providing INDIANS-Improvement of, 212, 278, 802. Danger of war with, 175. Policy towards, in a war with Eng- Trade with, 269. General policy towards, 348, 350. Settlement of boundaries with Kick- Efforts to prevent the use of spirit- IRVING'S CASE-600. JEFFERSON, THOMAS--Efforts to alienate his cabinet from him, 23. His retirement at end of second term, Calumnies against, 80, 264, 503, 504. Is re-elected, 40, 494. Refuses all presents while President, 392. Resolution to retire at end of second Reception of, by people, on his re- His pleasure at retiring, 432. All prosecutions for libels against Franking privilege allowed him, 453. Relations with Hamilton, 496. Made member of Royal Institute of Relations with Adams, 559, 560. LATROBE, Mr.-Relations with Jefferson, LANDS, PUBLIC-Intrusions on, 382. Degeneracy of law, 524. Law of New England not common LAWYERS--Of New England not good com- MADISON, JAMES-Divisions in his cabinet, How far should be protected, 415, 417, 440. Condition of, in U. S. 583. MARSHALL, JOHN-His life of Washington, Notes on, by Jefferson, 476. MARQUE, LETTERS OF-Their character, 273. MEDICINE-Views of science of, 105. METEORIC STONES-245. MILITIA--Organization of, 16, 76. Called out to defend Norfolk and Militia of Ohio, 206. When to be called out, 409. Silver mines of La Platte, 246. er to, 61. MIRANDA'S EXPEDITION-Not countenanced MONROE, JAMES--His relations to Madi- Explanations in relation to English MONTESQUIEU'S SPIRIT OF LAWS-Commen- MOOSE ISLAND-Within jurisdiction of U. MUSEUM-Foundation of one at Williams- NEGROES--Their capacity relative to white NEUTRALITY-No breach of, to assist ves- Invasions of, by France and England, |